터널과지하공간 (Tunnel and Underground Space)

  • 제29권2호
  • /
  • Pages.75-88
  • /
  • 2019
  • /
  • 1225-1275(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2287-1748(eISSN)
한국암반공학회 (Korean Society for Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

국내 고준위 방사성 폐기물 심부시추공 처분을 위한 개념 연구

A Conceptual Study for Deep Borehole Disposal of High Level Radioactive Waste in Korea

  • 전병규 (SK건설(주) Infra Engineering 2팀) ;
  • 최승범 (서울대학교 에너지자원신기술 연구소) ;
  • 이수득 (서울대학교 공과대학 에너지시스템공학부) ;
  • 전석원 (서울대학교 공과대학 에너지시스템공학부)
  • Jeon, Byungkyu (Department of infra engineering, SK E&C) ;
  • Choi, Seungbeom (Research institute of energy and resources, Seoul National University) ;
  • Lee, Sudeuk (Department of energy systems engineering, Seoul National University) ;
  • Jeon, Seokwon (Department of energy systems engineering, Seoul National University)
  • 투고 : 2019.04.09
  • 심사 : 2019.04.24
  • 발행 : 2019.04.30
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

우리나라는 1978년 4월 고리1호기를 시작으로 지금까지 총 24기의 원전을 가동하고 있으며 2기의 원전이 건설 중이다. 원자력 발전이 지속됨에 따라 원자력발전소에서 발생하는 방사성 폐기물의 양도 늘어나게 되어 이를 영구처분하기 위한 다양한 방법이 제안되어 왔다. 국내에서는 심층처분(DGD)을 중심으로 연구가 진행되어 왔으나 심부 시추공을 활용하는 심부시추공 처분(DBD) 역시 대안으로 고려할 필요가 있다. 본 논문에서는 기술 선진국의 선행 연구결과를 종합하여 심부시추공 처분에 요구되는 요소기술들을 소개하고 이를 국내에 적용하기 위한 적용성 평가를 수행하였다. 시추공 설계, 처분부지 등에 대한 개념적 연구를 수행하였으며 마지막으로 실제 처분을 위하여 향후 요구되는 기술적 과제에 대하여 정리하였다.

With Kori nuclear power plant unit 1 as a beginning in April 1978, 24 nuclear power plants have been operated in Korea and two more plants are under construction. As the nuclear power plants being operated, radioactive wastes from the plants have been accumulated so that various methods for disposing them have been proposed. In Korea, researches have been conducted, being focused on DGD (Deep Geological Disposal), however, DBD (Deep Borehole Disposal) method needs considering as an alternative. In this technical note, element technologies for DBD were analyzed by compiling previous researches and their applicability on domestic cases were investigated. Conceptual studies regarding relevant designs were conducted and finally, technical challenges for actual disposal were described.

키워드

OBGHBQ_2019_v29n2_75_f0001.png 이미지

Fig. 1. Conceptual design of DBD; (a) Borehole and casing design in USA (SNL, 2011), and (b) Borehole design in Sweden (MKG, 2006)

OBGHBQ_2019_v29n2_75_f0002.png 이미지

Fig. 1. Conceptual design of DBD; (a) Borehole and casing design in USA (SNL, 2011), and (b) Borehole design in Sweden (MKG, 2006) (Continued)

OBGHBQ_2019_v29n2_75_f0003.png 이미지

Fig. 2. Schematic diagram of borehole and casing design in Germany; (a) Geological condition, and (b) Casing design of KTB borehole (Bracke et al., 2017)

OBGHBQ_2019_v29n2_75_f0004.png 이미지

Fig. 3. Conceptual design of DBC-R (Bracke el al., 2017)

OBGHBQ_2019_v29n2_75_f0005.png 이미지

Fig. 4. Schematic diagram for disposal sequence (SNL, 2011)

OBGHBQ_2019_v29n2_75_f0006.png 이미지

Fig. 5. Conceptual design of sealing; (a) Sealing design in USA (SNL, 2011), and (b) Sealing design in Germany (Bracke et al., 2017)

OBGHBQ_2019_v29n2_75_f0007.png 이미지

Fig. 5. Conceptual design of sealing; (a) Sealing design in USA (SNL, 2011), and (b) Sealing design in Germany (Bracke et al., 2017) (Continued)

Table 1. Specification of borehole and casing design in USA (SNL, 2011)

OBGHBQ_2019_v29n2_75_t0001.png 이미지

Table 2. Possible scenarios for DBD design

OBGHBQ_2019_v29n2_75_t0002.png 이미지

Table 3. Canister design plan for each DBD scenario

OBGHBQ_2019_v29n2_75_t0003.png 이미지

Table 4. Simulation results about disposal area according to each scenario

OBGHBQ_2019_v29n2_75_t0004.png 이미지

Table 5. Deep borehole cases in overseas

OBGHBQ_2019_v29n2_75_t0005.png 이미지

참고문헌

  1. 산업통상자원부, 2016, 고준위방사성폐기물 관리 기본계획(안)
  2. Beswick, J., 2008, Status of technology for deep borehole disposal. Report for NDA, Contract No. NP 01185, EPS international.
  3. Bracke, G., Charlier, F., Liebscher, A., Schilling, F., and Rockel, T., 2017, About the possibility of disposal of HLRW in deep boreholes in Germany. Geosciences, 7(3), 58. https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences7030058
  4. Ji, S., Koh, Y., and Choi, J., 2012, The state-of-the-art of the borehole disposal concept for high level radioactive waste. Jounral of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society, 10(1), pp. 55-62. https://doi.org/10.7733/jkrws.2012.10.1.055
  5. Ji, S., Lee, J., Koh, Y., and Kim, K., 2016, The state-of-the-art of the geological investigation processes and techniques for deep borehole disposal of high-level radioactive waste. Journal of the Geological Society of Korea, 52(1), pp. 95-103. https://doi.org/10.14770/jgsk.2016.52.1.95
  6. Kim, J., 2015, Deep borehole disposal of high-level radioactive waste and spent nuclear fuel. Journal of the Geological Society of Korea, 51(4), pp. 425-431. https://doi.org/10.14770/jgsk.2015.51.4.425
  7. Kwon, S., 2012, Underground disposal for radioactive waste. Magazine of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association, 14(4), pp. 32-48.
  8. Lee, J., Cho, D., Choi, H., and Choi, J., 2007, Concept of a Korean reference disposal system for spent fuel. Journal of nuclear science and technology, 44(12), pp. 1565-1573. https://doi.org/10.1080/18811248.2007.9711407
  9. Lee, J., Kim, K., Bae, D., and Kim, K., 2014, A foreign cases study of the deep borehole disposal system for high-level radioactive waste. Journal of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society, 12(2), pp. 131-133.
  10. Lee, J., Kim, H., Lee, M., Choi, H., and Kim, K., 2015, An analysis on the deep geological disposal concepts considering the spent fuel length. Journal of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society, 13(3), pp. 201-209. https://doi.org/10.7733/jnfcwt.2015.13.3.201
  11. Lee, J., Lee, M., Choi, H., Kim, K., and Kim, K., 2016, Preliminary analyses of the deep geoenvironmental characteristics for the deep borehole disposal of high-level radioactive waste in Korea. Journal of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society, 14(2), pp. 179-188. https://doi.org/10.7733/jnfcwt.2016.14.2.179
  12. MKG (Swedish NGO office of nuclear waste review), 2006, Final deposition of high-level nuclear waste in very deep boreholes, MKG report 2, Goteborg, Sweden.
  13. SNL (Sandia National Laboratories), 2009, Deep borehole disposal of high-level radioactive waste, SAND2009-4401. Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
  14. SNL (Sandia National Laboratories), 2011, Reference design and operations for deep borehole disposal of high-level radioactive waste, SAND2011-6749. Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
  15. SNL (Sandia National Laboratories), 2012, Deep borehole disposal of nuclear waste: Final report, SAND2012-7789. Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
  16. SNL (Sandia National Laboratories), 2013, Deep borehole disposal research demonstration site selection guidelines, borehole seals design and R&D needs, SAND2013-9490P. Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
  17. SNL (Sandia National Laboratories), 2017, Deep borehole: Disposal concept and field test, SAND2017-5167PE. Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
  18. Xie, L., Min, K., and Song, Y., 2015, Observations of hydraulic stimulations in seven enhanced geothermal system projects. Renewable Energy, 79, pp. 56-65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2014.07.044
  19. Yun, S., and Kim, C., 2013, Deep borehole disposal concept of spent fuel for implementation in Korea. Journal of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society, 11(4), pp. 303-309. https://doi.org/10.7733/jnfcwt-k.2013.11.4.303