Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture (한국조경학회지)

The Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture (한국조경학회)
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The Periodical Trend of Urban Regeneration through Mass Media - Focused on the 1920s and 1990s -

매스미디어를 통해 본 도시재생의 시대적 동향 - 1920년대~1990년대를 중심으로 -

  • Kim, Sa-rang (Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Graduate School, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Lee, Jeong (Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Sunchon National University)
  • 김사랑 (순천대학교 대학원 조경학과) ;
  • 이정 (순천대학교 조경학과)
  • Received : 2018.11.26
  • Accepted : 2019.02.27
  • Published : 2019.04.30
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Abstract

This research is aimed at identifying the perception associated with urban regeneration and predicting policy implications of future directions by analyzing the trend of urban regeneration depicted in the mass media by utilizing SNA (Semantic-Network Analysis) techniques. As the number of articles has increased, it is noted through analysis that the interrelationships between social phenomena and issues have combined to form the meaning of urban regeneration. Overall, 'urban' and 'regeneration' keywords also appeared at different periods, with 'urban' closely related to 'regeneration' starting in 1970 when urbanization was becoming more prevalent. It was analyzed that the frequency of 'urban' appeared more frequently in the early 1990s, while the frequency of 'rural' decreased sharply. Until the 1990s, the slums and the recession that appeared as side effects of urban problem-solving policies were mostly concentrated in cities. Policy discussions were conducted with the goal of improving the physical environment of cities rather than concentrating on the surrounding rural areas. The distributions of the keywords 'development' and 'regeneration' have increased quantitatively since the 1970s, and urban polarization has exploded due to the development of the external growth of cities, mirroring the trend of accelerated environmental threats. In particular, the keywords for 'regeneration' emerged mainly related to environmental problems, which led to the need for urban regeneration, and environmentally and ecologically friendly development. The emergence of "urban," "regeneration" and "environment" as keywords having to do with urban regeneration grew in the 1990s. This suggests that urban regeneration is now linked to "environment", as that has become a social issue.

본 연구는 1920~1999년까지 매스미디어에 나타난 국내 도시재생의 시대적 동향을 의미연결망(Semantic-Network Analysis)분석방법을 활용하여 도시재생에 대한 인식을 파악하고, 향후 지향해야 할 정책적 시사점을 예견하는데 목적이 있다. 분석 결과, 시대별로 기사수가 증가함에 따라 사회적 현상과 이슈의 상호관계가 복잡하게 얽혀서 도시재생의 의미가 형성되어 온 것으로 분석되었다. 전반적으로 '도시'와 '재생' 키워드도 시대별로 등장 빈출이 다르게 나타났는데, 특히 도시개발이 심화되는 1970년을 기점으로 '도시'와 '재생'이 밀접하게 관련되어 나타나는 것으로 분석되었다. 시대적 변천에 따라 '도시'는 1990년도에 이를수록 등장빈도가 높게 나타났으나, '농촌'의 등장빈도가 급격히 하향하는 것으로 분석되었다. 이는 1990년대까지의 도시문제 해결 정책의 부작용으로 나타난 슬럼화 및 침체 현상이 대부분 도시에 집적되어 있었으며, 재생에 있어서 농촌보다 도시의 물리적 환경을 개선하는 목표 중심으로 정책적 논의가 진행되었기 때문으로 해석된다. 1970년대 이후 '개발'과 '재생'의 키워드 분포가 양적 증가 추세를 보이는데, 도시의 외연적 성장을 위한 개발로 인해 도시의 양극화 현상은 두드러지게 나타나 결국 환경적 위협의 가속화를 초래했던 시대적 상황과 인식이 같은 흐름을 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 '재생'의 키워드는 주로 환경문제와 직결되는 쓰레기, 폐품, 오염, 공해 등과 같은 키워드와 연관되어 등장하였는데, 이러한 환경문제의 대두는 1980년대 이후 지속가능성에 대한 관심, 환경 및 생태 친화적 기술과 분야의 발전을 촉진시키는 계기가 되었다. 도시재생과 관련하여 허브 역할을 수행하는 키워드로 '도시', '재생', '환경'의 등장 빈출이 1990년대에 이를수록 증가하는 것으로 나타났는데, 이는 도시재생의 촉발이 사회문제로 제기되었던 '환경'과 밀접한 관계가 있음을 시사한다.

Keywords

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