Resources Recycling (자원리싸이클링)

The Korean Institute of Resources Recycling (한국자원리싸이클링학회)
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Recycling Technologies of Aluminum

알루미늄의 리사이클링 기술

  • Sohn, Ho-Sang (School of Materials Science and Engineering, Kyungpook National University)
  • Received : 2019.01.21
  • Accepted : 2019.03.19
  • Published : 2019.04.30
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Abstract

Aluminum is the most abundant metal and the second most plentiful metallic element in the earth's crust, after silicon. Aluminum is a light, conductive, and corrosion resistant metal with strong affinity for oxygen. However, the primary aluminum production process is highly energy intensive. The recycling of aluminum scrap reduces the energy consumption and environmental burden, comparing to the primary metal production. However, the amount of the recovered metal from scrap is limited because of the difficulties to remove the impurities in the scrap. This work provides an overview of the aluminum production and recycling process, from the preparation of alumina to the scrap upgrading and the melting process.

알루미늄은 지각 구성 원소 중 실리콘에 이어 두 번째로 풍부한 금속원소이다. 알루미늄은 가볍고, 전기전도도가 우수하고, 내식성이 우수하지만 산소와의 친화력이 강한 특성을 가지고 있다. 그러나 알루미늄의 1차 지금을 제조하기 위해서는 다량의 에너지를 소비한다. 한편 알루미늄 스크랩을 리사이클링하면 1차 지금 생산과 비교하여 에너지 및 환경부하를 저감할 수 있다. 그러나 알루미늄 스크랩 중의 불순물 제거가 곤란하여 재생되는 양은 한정되어 있다. 본 논문에서는 알루미나의 제조부터 스크랩 처리 및 용융까지의 알루미늄 생산 및 리사이클링 공정에 대하여 고찰하였다.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Flow chart of secondary Al refining operations for the production of Al alloys.

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Fig. 2. Flow sheets of Bayer’s process and sintering process.

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Fig. 3. Schematic illustration of aluminium production by electrolysis.

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Fig. 4. A schematic illustration of three-layer process of Al refining.

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Fig. 5. Global share of primary and recycled metal production.

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Fig. 6. Swing-hammer shredders for the comminution of automobile scrap and other types of light scrap.

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Fig. 7. Overhead-belt magnetic separators(a) and eddy-current separator.

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Fig. 8. A schematic representation of thermal de-coating.

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Fig. 10. End-of-life vehicle dismantling and aluminum recycling process.

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Fig. 9. Schematic presentation of swell-peeling method of paints on aluminum beverage cans.

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Fig. 11. Schematic diagrams of lance degassing(a) and rotary degassing(b)

Table 1. Classification of wrought aluminum alloys according to their strengthening mechanism

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Table 2. Average lifetime ranges for aluminum products in years and world end-use markets for aluminum products, 2015

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Table 3. Markets consuming post-consumer Al scrap

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Table 4. Classification of sorting methods showing the physical parameter and the desired separation.

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Table 6. Characteristics of melting furnace

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Table 5. Type of furnaces for melting of aluminum

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Table 7. Activity coefficients of tramp elements for aluminum refining

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