Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics (한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지)

The Korean Society of Superconductivity and Cryogenics (한국초전도저온학회)
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Gain characteristics of SQUID-based RF amplifiers depending on device parameters

  • Lee, Y.H. (Ultra-low Magnetic Field Team, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science) ;
  • Yu, K.K. (Ultra-low Magnetic Field Team, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science) ;
  • Kim, J.M. (Ultra-low Magnetic Field Team, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science) ;
  • Lee, S.K. (Ultra-low Magnetic Field Team, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science) ;
  • Chong, Y. (Quantum Information Team, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science) ;
  • Oh, S.J. (Center for Axion and Precision Physics Research, Institute for Basic Science) ;
  • Semertzidis, Y.K. (Center for Axion and Precision Physics Research, Institute for Basic Science)
  • Received : 2019.01.19
  • Accepted : 2019.02.07
  • Published : 2019.03.31
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Abstract

Radio-frequency (RF) amplifiers based on direct current (DC) superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) have low-noise performance for precision physics experiments. Gain curves of SQUID RF amplifiers depend on several parameters of the SQUID and operation conditions. We are developing SQUID RF amplifiers for application to measure very weak RF signals from ultra-low-temperature high-magnetic-field microwave cavity in axion search experiments. In this study, we designed, fabricated and characterized SQUID RF amplifiers with different SQUID parameters, such as number of input coil turn, shunt resistance value of the junction and coupling capacitance in the input coil, and compared the results.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of the SQUID RF amplifier with several SQUID parameters. Ls: SQUID inductance, Ic:junction critical current, RJ: junction shunt resistance, CJ:junction capacitance, Cc: coupling capacitance, L:linewidth of input coil line, S: space of input coil line, n:number of turns of input coil.

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Fig. 2. Design of the DC-SQUID RF amplifier. (a) Overall chip design without cooling fins, (b) chip with cooling fins, and (c) details of the SQUID loop area with a coupling capacitor, input coil, Josephson junctions and shunt resistors.

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Fig. 4. Typical current-voltage curves of the SQUID. (a) Current-voltage curve with an applied flux near Φ0/2, and (b) current-voltage with an applied flux near Φ0. X-axis is voltage (50 μV/div.) and Y-axis is current (10 μA/div).

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Fig. 3. Structure of the SQUID package and test probe for I-V curve and gain curve measurements. (a) SQUID package with DC wiring and connector, and (b) structure of the test probe.

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Fig. 5. SQUID gain versus RF power level at the SQUID input, where the output of the RF generator (network analyzer) was changed in a step of 5 dBm.

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Fig. 6. Gain curves of the SQUID RF amplifiers versus numbers of the input coil turn. (a) 20, (b) 19, (c) 18, (d) 17 and (e) 16 turns. Input coil has 2 μm linewidth and 3 μm space.

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Fig. 7. Gain curves versus shunt resistance of the junction. (a) Shunt resistance of 4, (b) 6 and (c) 8 Ω, respectively.

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Fig. 8. Change of gain curve depending on the coupling capacitance in the input coil. (a) Coupling capacitance of 0.1, (b) 0.5 and (c) 1.9 pF, respectively. All the three SQUIDs have the same input coil turn number and shunt resistance.

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