Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences

Asian Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies (아세아태평양축산학회)
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Essential oil mixture on rumen fermentation and microbial community - an in vitro study

  • Kim, Hanbeen (Department of Animal Science, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University) ;
  • Jung, Eunsang (Department of Bioenvironmental Energy, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University) ;
  • Lee, Hyo Gun (Department of Animal Science, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University) ;
  • Kim, Byeongwoo (Department of Animal Science, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University) ;
  • Cho, Seongkeun (Department of Animal Science, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University) ;
  • Lee, Seyoung (Division of Animal Husbandry, Yonam College) ;
  • Kwon, Inhyuk (EASY BIO, Inc.) ;
  • Seo, Jakyeom (Department of Animal Science, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University)
  • Received : 2018.08.31
  • Accepted : 2018.11.07
  • Published : 2019.06.01
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Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of essential oil mixture (EOM) supplementation on rumen fermentation characteristics and microbial changes in an in vitro. Methods: Three experimental treatments were used: control (CON, no additive), EOM 0.1 (supplementation of 1 g EOM/kg of substrate), and EOM 0.2 (supplementation of 2 g EOM/kg of substrate). An in vitro fermentation experiment was carried out using strained rumen fluid for 12 and 24 h incubation periods. At each time point, in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), neutral detergent fiber digestibility (IVNDFD), pH, ammonia nitrogen ($NH_3-N$), and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations, and relative microbial diversity were estimated. Results: After 24 h incubation, treatments involving EOM supplementation led to significantly higher IVDMD (treatments and quadratic effect; p = 0.019 and 0.008) and IVNDFD (linear effect; p = 0.068) than did the CON treatment. The EOM 0.2 supplementation group had the highest $NH_3-N$ concentration (treatments; p = 0.032). Both EOM supplementations did not affect total VFA concentration and the proportion of individual VFAs; however, total VFA tended to increase in EOM supplementation groups, after 12 h incubation (linear; p = 0.071). Relative protozoa abundance significantly increased following EOM supplementation (treatments, p<0.001). Selenomonas ruminantium and Ruminococcus albus (treatments; p<0.001 and p = 0.005), abundance was higher in the EOM 0.1 treatment group than in CON. The abundance of Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, fungi and Ruminococcus flavefaciens (treatments; p<0.001, p<0.001, and p = 0.005) was higher following EOM 0.2 treatment. Conclusion: The addition of newly developed EOM increased IVDMD, IVNDFD, and tended to increase total VFA indicating that it may be used as a feed additive to improve rumen fermentation by modulating rumen microbial communities. Further studies would be required to investigate the detailed metabolic mechanism underlying the effects of EOM supplementation.

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References

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