Geomechanics and Engineering

  • 제17권4호
  • /
  • Pages.367-374
  • /
  • 2019
  • /
  • 2005-307X(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2092-6219(eISSN)
테크노프레스 (Techno-Press)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The observation of permeation grouting method as soil improvement technique with different grout flow models

  • Celik, Fatih (Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Nigde Omer Halisdemir University)
  • 투고 : 2018.03.06
  • 심사 : 2019.02.26
  • 발행 : 2019.03.20
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

This study concluded the results of a research on the features of cement based permeation grout, based on some important grout parameters, such as the rheological properties (yield stress and viscosity), coefficient of permeability to grout ($k_G$) and the inject ability of cement grout (N and $N_c$ assessment), which govern the performance of cement based permeation grouting in porous media. Due to the limited knowledge of these important grout parameters and other influencing factors (filtration pressure, rate and time of injection and the grout volume) used in the field work, the application of cement based permeation grouting is still largely a trial and error process in the current practice, especially in the local construction industry. It is seen possible to use simple formulas in order to select the injection parameters and to evaluate their inter-relationship, as well as to optimize injection spacing and times with respect to injection source dimensions and in-situ permeability. The validity of spherical and cylindrical flow model was not verified by any past research works covered in the literature review. Therefore, a theoretical investigation including grout flow models and significant grout parameters for the design of permeation grouting was conducted in this study. This two grout flow models were applied for three grout mixes prepared for w/c=0.75, w/c=1.00 and w/c=1.25 in this study. The relations between injection times, radius, pump pressure and flow rate for both flow models were investigated and the results were presented. Furthermore, in order to investigate these two flow model, some rheological properties of the grout mixes, particle size distribution of the cement used in this study and some geotechnical properties of the sand used in this work were defined and presented.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Akbulut, S. and Saglamer, A. (2002), "Estimating the groutability of granular soils: A new approach", Tunn. Undergr. Sp. Technol., 17(4), 371-380. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0886-7798(02)00040-8
  2. Amnieh, H.B., Masoudi, M. and Kolahchi, R. (2017), "Pressure analysis in grouting and water pressure test to achieving optimal pressure", Geomech. Eng., 13(4), 685-699. https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2017.13.4.685
  3. Anagnostopous, C.A. (2005), "Laboratory study of an injected granular soil with polymer grouts", Tunn. Undergr. Sp. Technol., 20(6), 525-533. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2005.04.005
  4. Azadi, M.R., Taghichian, A. and Taheri, A. (2017), "Optimization of cement-based grouts using chemical additives", J. Rock Mech. Geotech. Eng., 9(4), 623-637 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrmge.2016.11.013
  5. Benhamou, O. (1994), ''Comportement Rheologique des coulis de liants hydrauliques ultrafins destines a l'injection", Ph.D. Dissertation, Ecole Nationale Superieure des Mines de Paris, Paris, France (in French).
  6. Bohlolia, B., Morgana, E.K., Grovb, E., Skjolsvoldb, O. and Hognestadc, H.O. (2018), "Strength and filtration stability of cement grouts at room and true tunneling temperatures", Tunn. Undergr. Sp. Technol., 71, 193-200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2017.08.017
  7. Chang, M., Mao, T. and Huang, R. (2016), "A study on the improvements of geotechnical properties of in-situ soils by grouting", Geomech. Eng., 10(4), 527-546. https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2016.10.4.527
  8. Fujii, S. and Shimoda, B. (1996), "Properties of microfine cement grout and grouting tests using the simulated soil", Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Grouting and Deep Mixing, Tokyo, Japan, May.
  9. Helal, M. and Krizek, R.J. (1992), "Preferred orientation of pore structure in cement- Grouted sand", Proceedings of the Conference on Grouting, Soil Improvement and Geosynthetics, New Orleans Louisiana, U.S.A., February.
  10. Hislam, J. (2010), Ground Treatment by Grout Injection-Technical Note, in Applied Geotechnical Engineering: Ground Engineering, 28-31.
  11. Houlsby, A. (1990), Construction and Design of Cement Grouting: A Guide to Grouting in Rock Foundations, John Wiley and Sons, New York, U.S.A.
  12. Jorne, F. and Henriques, F.M.A. (2016), "Evaluation of the grout injectability and types of resistance to grout flow", Construct. Build. Mater., 122, 171-183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.06.032
  13. Keong, K.S. (2005), "Properties of cement based permeation grout used in ground engineering", Ph.D. Dissertation, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
  14. Khayat, K.H. and Yahia, A. (1997), "Effect of Welan Gum-highrange water reducer combinations on rheology of cement grout", ACI Mater. J., 94(5), 365-372.
  15. Krizek, R.J. and Helal, M. (1992), "Anisotropic behavior of cement-grouted sand", Proceedings of the Conference on Grouting, Soil Improvement and Geosynthetics, New Orleans Louisiana, U.S.A., February.
  16. Littlejohn, G.S. (1982), "Design of cement base grouts", Proceedings of the Conference on Grouting in Geotechnical Engineering, New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S.A., February.
  17. Littlejohn, G.S. (2003), "The development of practice in permeation and compensation grouting", Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Grouting and Ground Treatment, New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S.A., February.
  18. Lowther, J. and Gabr, M.A. (1997), "Permeability and strength characteristics of urethane: Grouted sand", Proceedings of the Sessions of Geo-Logan '97 Conference on Grouting: Compaction, Remediation and Testing, Logan, Utah, U.S.A., July.
  19. Michell, J.K. (1981), "Soil improvement-State of the art report", Proceedings of 10th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering Stockholm, Sweden, June.
  20. Mirza, J., Mirza, M.S., Roy, V. and Saleh, K. (2002), "Basic rheological and mechanical properties of high-volume fly ash grouts", Construct. Build. Mater., 16(6), 353-363. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0950-0618(02)00026-0
  21. Muller, K.H. (1972), "Stability of slurry trenches", Proceedings of the 5th European Conference on Soil Mechanics & Foundation Engineering, Madrid, Spain, April.
  22. Paoli, B.D., Bosco, B., Granata, R. and Bruce, D.A. (1992), "Fundamental observation on cement based grouts (Part-1): Traditional materials", Proceedings of the Conference on Grouting, Soil Improvement and Geosynthetics, New Orleans Louisiana, U.S.A., February.
  23. Peng, W., Zhao, X. and Liu, Z. (2011), "Study on grout permeation model of an equipment for grouting in roller compacted concrete", Adv. Mater. Res., 287, 2840-2843. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.287-290.2840
  24. Perret, S., Ballivy, G., Khayat, K. and Mnif, T. (1997), "Injectability of fine sand with cement-based grout", Proceedings of the Sessions of Geo-Logan '97 Conference on Grouting: Compaction, Remediation and Testing, Logan, Utah, U.S.A., July.
  25. Perret, S., Khayat, K.H. and Ballivy, G. (2000), "The effect of degree of saturation of sand on groutability: Experimental Simulation", Ground Improv., 4(1), 13-22. https://doi.org/10.1680/grim.2000.4.1.13
  26. Raffle, J.F. and Greenwood, D.A. (1961), "The relationship between the rheological characteristics of grouts and their capacity to permeate soils", Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Paris, France, July.
  27. Rawlings, C.G., Hellawell, E.E. and Kilkenny, W.M. (2000), Grouting for Ground Engineering.
  28. Schwartz, L.G. and Krizek, R.J. (1992), "Effects of mixing on rheological properties of microfine cement grout", Proceedings of the Conference on Grouting, Soil Improvement and Geosynthetics, New Orleans Louisiana, U.S.A., February.
  29. Silva, R.A., Oliveira, D.V., Schueremans, L., Miranda, T. and Machado, J. (2016), "Effectiveness of the repair of unstabilised rammed earth with injection of mud grouts", Construct. Build. Mater., 127, 861-871. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.10.064
  30. Tomiolo, A. (1982), Principles of grouting. Short Course on Soil and Rock Improvement, Techniques Including Geotextiles, Reinforced Earth and Modern Piling Method, Asian Institute of Technology, Klong Luang, Thailand.
  31. Yahia, A. and Khayat, K.H. (2001), "Analytical models for estimating yield stress of high performance pseudo plastic grout", Cement Concrete Res., 31(5), 731-738. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(01)00476-8

피인용 문헌

  1. Modelling of Permeation Grouting considering Grout Self-Gravity Effect: Theoretical and Experimental Study vol.2019, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/7968240
  2. Influence of Water-Cement Ratio on Viscosity Variation of Cement Grout in Permeation Grouting vol.2021, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/7126013
  3. Experimental Investigation on the Mixture Ratio and Diffusion Performance of Grouting Materials for Water Bursting Prevention in Coal Mines vol.2021, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/9970524
  4. Effects of the borehole drainage for roof aquifer on local stress in underground mining vol.24, pp.5, 2019, https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2021.24.5.479