Journal of Life Science (생명과학회지)

Korean Society of Life Science (한국생명과학회)
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Evaluation of the Useful Bioactivities of Spent Mushroom Substrate of Shiitake

표고버섯 수확 후 배지의 유용 생리활성 평가

  • Sung, Hwa-Jung (Department of Food and Nutrition, Andong National University) ;
  • Pyo, Su-Jin (Department of Food and Nutrition, Andong National University) ;
  • Park, Jong-Yi (Gyeongbuk Institute For Bio-Industry) ;
  • Sohn, Ho-Yong (Department of Food and Nutrition, Andong National University)
  • Received : 2018.07.26
  • Accepted : 2018.09.21
  • Published : 2019.02.28
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Abstract

In Korea, shiitake mushroom, Lentinula edodes, is cultivated on artificial medium containing oak sawdust and wheat bran. The annual production of spent mushroom substrate (SMS) of shiitake, a byproduct of the mushroom industry, is estimated to reach over 50,000 tons per year. This study aimed to improve the use of SMS as a novel bioresource. Hot water extracts of SMS after the first and third harvest were prepared and their bioactivities evaluated. Hot water extracts of uninoculated medium and shiitake were used as controls. Extracts of SMS showed higher radical scavenging of DPPH anions, ABTS cations, nitrites, and a higher reducing power than those of shiitake or medium extracts. After the first and third harvests at 0.5 mg/disc, SMS extracts showed no antibacterial or antifungal activities against the pathogenic and food-spoilage bacteria and fungi. However, they showed good inhibitory activities against ${\alpha}$-glucosidase at 0.5 mg/ml. In addition, SMS extracts had strong anti-coagulation activities via their inhibition of thrombin, prothrombin, and blood coagulation factors without platelet aggregation activity. Our results suggested SMS should no longer be perceived as a useless byproduct but should be understood as a novel bioresource, the extracts of which could be developed as antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antithrombosis agents.

국내 표고버섯은 참나무 톱밥을 주 원료로 한 인공배지를 이용하여 재배하고 있으며, 표고버섯 재배 후 부산물로 발생하는 [수확 후 배지](Spent Mushroom Substrate: SMS)는 약 50,000톤으로 추정된다. 본 연구에서는 별도의 용도 없이 폐기되고 있는 표고버섯 SMS를 유용 생물자원으로 이용하기 위해, 1회 수확 후 SMS 및 3회 수확 후 SMS의 열수 추출물을 조제하여 이들의 항산화, 항균, 항당뇨, 항응고 및 혈소판 응집저해활성을 평가하였다. 대조구로는 재배용 살균배지 및 표고버섯의 열수 추출물을 이용하였다. 그 결과, 표고버섯 SMS 추출물은 표고버섯 및 살균배지 추출물보다 우수한 DPPH 음이온, ABTS 양이온 nitrite 소거능 및 환원력을 나타내었다. 1회 및 3회 SMS 추출물들은 0.5 mg/disc 농도에서는 사용된 세균 및 진균에 대한 항균력이 나타나지 않았으나, 0.5 mg/ml 농도에서 우수한 ${\alpha}$-glucosidase 저해활성을 나타내었다. 또한 thrombin time, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time 및 혈소판 응집저해 활성 측정 결과, SMS 추출물들은 혈소판 응집에는 미미한 영향을 나타내었으나, 강력한 혈액응고저해 활성을 나타내어 항혈전 조성물로 개발 가능함을 확인하였다. 본 연구결과는 SMS를 폐기 대상이 아닌, 표고버섯 균사체가 대량 배양된 생물자원으로 고려하는 것이 필요함을 제시하며, SMS를 이용한 항산화, 항당뇨, 항혈전 조성물 개발이 가능함을 제시하고 있다.

Keywords

SMGHBM_2019_v29n2_164_f0001.png 이미지

Fig. 1. Photography of (A) un-inoculated sterilized medium, (B) spent mushroom medium (SMS) after 1st harvest, (C) SMS after 3rd harvest, and (D) harvested shiitake.

SMGHBM_2019_v29n2_164_f0002.png 이미지

Fig. 2. Comparison of (A) total polyphenol, (B) total flavonoids, (C) total sugar and (D) reducing sugar contents of the hot-water extracts prepared from (1) un-inoculated sterilized medium, (2) SMS after 1st harvest, (3) SMS after 3rd harvest and (4) harvested shiitake. Data are presented as the mean ± SD of three determinations. Different superscript letters within a column differ significantly by Duncan’s multiple range test (p<0.05).

SMGHBM_2019_v29n2_164_f0003.png 이미지

Fig. 3. Comparison of anti-oxidant activities of the hot-water extracts prepared from (1) un-inoculated sterilized medium, (2) SMS after 1st harvest, (3) SMS after 3rd harvest and (4) harvested shiitake. Data are presented as the mean ± SD of three determinations. Different superscript letters within a column differ significantly by Duncan’s multiple range test (p<0.05).

SMGHBM_2019_v29n2_164_f0004.png 이미지

Fig. 4. Comparison of α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of the hot-water extracts prepared from (1) un-inoculated sterilized medium (0.5 mg/ml), (2) SMS after 1st harvest (0.5 mg/ml), (3) SMS after 3rd harvest (0.5 mg/ml), (4) harvested shiitake (0.5 mg/ml), (5) acarbose (0.5 mg/ml) and (6) acarbose (0.0625 mg/ml). Data are presented as the mean ± SD of three determinations. Different superscript letters within a column differ significantly by Duncan’s multiple range test (p<0.05).

SMGHBM_2019_v29n2_164_f0005.png 이미지

Fig. 5. Comparison of anti-coagulation activities of the hot-water extracts prepared from un-inoculated sterilized medium, spent mushroom medium (SMS) and harvested shiitake.

Table 1. Calculated RC50 of the hot-water extracts prepared from un-inoculated sterilized medium, spent mushroom medium (SMS) and harvested shiitake

SMGHBM_2019_v29n2_164_t0001.png 이미지

Table 2. Platelet aggregation inhibitory activities of the hot-water extracts prepared from un-inoculated sterilized medium, spent mushroom medium (SMS) and harvested shiitake

SMGHBM_2019_v29n2_164_t0002.png 이미지

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