Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters (한국미생물·생명공학회지)

The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnology (한국미생물·생명공학회)
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Effects of Psidium guajava Leaf Extract on Apoptosis Induction Through Mitochondrial Dysfunction in HepG2 Cells

  • Nguyen, Van-Tinh (Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Centre for Marine-Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK21 Plus)) ;
  • Ko, Seok-Chun (Team of Marine Bio-resources, National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea) ;
  • Oh, Gun-Woo (Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Centre for Marine-Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK21 Plus)) ;
  • Heo, Seong-Yeong (Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Centre for Marine-Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK21 Plus)) ;
  • Jung, Won-Kyo (Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Centre for Marine-Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK21 Plus))
  • Received : 2018.07.02
  • Accepted : 2018.09.15
  • Published : 2019.03.28
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Abstract

The anticancer activity of guava (Psidium guajava L.) leaf extract (GLE) occurs via the induction of apoptosis in cancer cells. However, the mechanism behind GLE-induced apoptosis in the human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2 remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the apoptotic effects and mechanism of action of GLE in cultured HepG2 cells. The results showed that GLE induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) synthesis and disrupted the mitochondrial membrane potential (${\Delta}{\Psi}m$). Moreover, GLE increased the expression of apoptotic pathway proteins, such as the cleaved forms of caspase-3, -8, and -9; the translocation of Bax and cytochrome c (cyt-c) from the mitochondria to the cytosol; and the downregulation of Bcl-2. In addition, p53 protein expression was increased upon GLE treatment. These observations indicate that the GLE-induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells is mediated by mitochondrial ROS generation, followed by caspase activation and cyt-c release, suggesting that GLE may be a promising candidate for the development of novel drugs for the treatment of liver cancers.

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