Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers (한국농공학회논문집)

The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers (한국농공학회)
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Application of Meteorological Drought Index using Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station (CHIRPS) Based on Global Satellite-Assisted Precipitation Products in Korea

위성기반 Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station (CHIRPS)를 활용한 한반도 지역의 기상학적 가뭄지수 적용

  • Mun, Young-Sik (Department of Bioresources and Rural Systems Engineering, Hankyong National University) ;
  • Nam, Won-Ho (Department of Bioresources and Rural Systems Engineering, Hankyong National University) ;
  • Jeon, Min-Gi (Department of Bioresources and Rural Systems Engineering, Hankyong National University) ;
  • Kim, Taegon (Institute on the Environment, University of Minnesota) ;
  • Hong, Eun-Mi (School of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Hayes, Michael J. (School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln) ;
  • Tsegaye, Tadesse (National Drought Mitigation Center, School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln)
  • Received : 2019.01.22
  • Accepted : 2019.03.05
  • Published : 2019.03.31
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Abstract

Remote sensing products have long been used to monitor and forecast natural disasters. Satellite-derived rainfall products are becoming more accurate as space and time resolution improve, and are widely used in areas where measurement is difficult because of the periodic accumulation of images in large areas. In the case of North Korea, there is a limit to the estimation of precipitation for unmeasured areas due to the limited accessibility and quality of statistical data. CHIRPS (Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Stations) is global satellite-derived rainfall data of 0.05 degree grid resolution. It has been available since 1981 from USAID (U.S. Agency for International Development), NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration), NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration). This study evaluates the applicability of CHIRPS rainfall products for South Korea and North Korea by comparing CHIRPS data with ground observation data, and analyzing temporal and spatial drought trends using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), a meteorological drought index available through CHIRPS. The results indicate that the data set performed well in assessing drought years (1994, 2000, 2015 and 2017). Overall, this study concludes that CHIRPS is a valuable tool for using data to estimate precipitation and drought monitoring in Korea.

Keywords

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Fig. 1 Research flow chart of the process for application of satellite-assisted precipitation products using CHIRPS

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Fig. 2 Percentage of stations in categories of drought as determined by SPI during the last 10 years (2008-2017)

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Fig. 3 Time series of the CHIRPS-based and station-based SPI (3-month, 6-month, and 12-month) using historical data (2008∼2017) for two weather stations (Ulsan in South Korea, and Singye in North Korea)

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Fig. 4 Time series of SPI maps in drought years (1994, 2000, and 2015) using CHIRPS-based and station-based SPI (6-month)

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Fig. 5 CHIRPS SPI map by time scale in 2017: (a) 3-month, (b) 6-month, (c) 9-month, and (d) 12-month)

Table 1 Summary of the global satellite-assisted precipitation products

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Table 2 Drought severity classification of SPI (Svoboda et al., 2002)

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Table 3 Summary of statistical Pearson’s correlation coefficient at monthly scale (2008-2017) from CHIRPS and meteorological station data

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Table 4 Summary of annual precipitation in 2017 for North Korea

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