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Analysis of Studies about Maker Education Based on Systematic Review

체계적 문헌고찰을 통한 메이커 교육 관련 연구 분석

  • Jeo, YooHyeon (Dept. of IT Convergence Education, Busan National University of Education) ;
  • Song, UiSung (Dept. of IT Convergence Education, Busan National University of Education)
  • 전유현 (부산교육대학교 창의IT융합교육과) ;
  • 송의성 (부산교육대학교 창의IT융합교육과)
  • Received : 2019.10.31
  • Accepted : 2019.11.26
  • Published : 2019.12.31

Abstract

Adverting of the 4th Industrial Revolution, maker education is emerged as a new paradigm and related studies keep increasing, As ideal human resources model has been changed. For this study, 65 theses on maker education were reviewed. The study has mainly analyzed the key factors for applying maker education in school. Though this study, it hopes to propose how further maker education studies should be developed. From the theses, 1.4 percent of the maker education program is actually usable in regular school class. For utilizing this education, it requires prior training and needs computer facilities. Most programs were designed as fusion form in more than two subject and included cooperative activities and sharing time. Further studies should be conducted on the application of education programs of within regular classes of school, recommended tools based on the school levels and prior training for tools, established the Makerspace in schools, shared student's output, evaluated students, and teacher training.

4차 산업혁명의 도래로 사회가 요구하는 인재상이 변함에 따라 메이커 교육이 새로운 패러다임으로 대두되고 있으며 관련 연구 또한 증가하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 메이커 교육 관련 논문 65편을 대상으로 체계적 문헌고찰을 진행하였다. 메이커 교육을 학교 교육 현장에 적용하기 위해 고려할 요소를 중점적으로 분석하였으며 이를 통해 메이커 교육 연구가 나아가야 할 방향을 제시하고자 하였다. 분석 결과 메이커 교육 프로그램 개발 관련 논문의 1.4%만이 정규 교과 수업에서 활용 가능한 프로그램을 다루고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 활용한 메이커 교구의 대부분이 사전학습과 컴퓨터 시설을 필요로 하였다. 대부분의 프로그램이 2개 이상의 교과가 융합된 형태로 설계되었으며, 다수의 프로그램이 협동과 공유의 시간을 갖는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 문헌고찰 결과를 바탕으로 향후 메이커 교육 연구에서는 교육 프로그램의 정규 교과과정 내 적용 방안, 학교급 별 권장 교구 및 사전 도구 교육, 학교 내 메이커스페이스의 구축, 메이커 산출물 공유 방안, 교사 연수 등에 대한 연구가 필요하다는 시사점을 제시하였다.

Keywords

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