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Evaluation of Shelf Life of Non-Pasteurized Egg Yolks, Egg Whites, and Whole Egg Liquid Products in Korea

국내 비살균 전란액, 난백액, 난황액의 유통기한 평가

  • Received : 2018.10.06
  • Accepted : 2018.11.07
  • Published : 2019.02.28

Abstract

The objective of this study is to establish the shelf life of non-pasteurized whole egg, egg yolk and egg white liquid. Each sample was stored for two weeks at $5^{\circ}C$, $10^{\circ}C$, $15^{\circ}C$, and $25^{\circ}C$, and then sensory, microbial, and physicochemical tests were performed periodically. The estimation of shelf life was based on the microbial standards of total viable counts and coliforms. The chemical properties highly correlated with the sensory evaluation were also used. Our results showed that the shelf life was the most influenced by microbial properties. Exceptionally, however, whole egg and white liquid stored at $5^{\circ}C$ and $10^{\circ}C$ with limited bacterial growth were affected by chemical property. The shelf life of the three non-pasteurized liquids was calculated to be less than one day at over $15^{\circ}C$. At $5^{\circ}C$ and $10^{\circ}C$, the shelf life was calculated to be 5 d and 1 d for egg yolk liquid, 5 d and 5 d for egg white, and 7 d and 5 d for whole egg, respectively. Therefore, it is advisable to establish reasonable shelf life in the more specific manner based on consideration of these findings.

비살균액란은 열처리 공정을 거치지 않고 가공 및 유통됨으로 인하여 보관 온도와 시간에 의하여 품질에 있어서 문제될 수 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 국내에서 제조한 비살균액란의 유통기한 산출 및 평가를 위하여 전국에 8개 액란 공장에 대한 일반세균수가 가장 높은 가공장에서 동절기와 하절기에 비살균 전란액, 난황액, 난백액을 각각 채취하여 $5^{\circ}C$, $10^{\circ}C$, $15^{\circ}C$, $25^{\circ}C$에 보관하면서 관능검사(시각, 후각), 이화학적 검사(pH, 휘발성 염기질소), 미생물 검사(일반세균수, 대장균 군수)를 각각 실시하였다. 유통기한 설정은 비살균 액란의 품질지표 중국내에서 현재 법적규격으로 적용되고 있는 일반세균수(500,000 이하/g)와 대장균군수(100 이하/g) 기준으로 산출하였다. 반면 법적 규격이 없는 항목인 VBN, pH는 각 품질지표와 관능검사(9점 척도법)의 상관관계를 나타내는 선형 회귀방정식을 구하여 이 식에 관능검사의 한계 규격 값 5점(9점 척도법 기준)을 대입하여 해당 품질지표의 규격 값으로 산출하여 유통기한으로 설정하였다. 그 결과 유통기한은 생물학적 특성인 대장균 군수에 가장 큰 영향을 받고, 균의 증식이 제한되는 $5^{\circ}C$$10^{\circ}C$에 보관된 전란액과 난백액의 유통기한은 이화학적 특성인 VBN에 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 유통기한은 전란액은 $5^{\circ}C$에서 5일, $10^{\circ}C$에서 5일, $15^{\circ}C$에서 <1일, $25^{\circ}C$에서 <1일로 각각 산출되었다. 난황액은 $5^{\circ}C$, $10^{\circ}C$, $15^{\circ}C$, $25^{\circ}C$에서 5일, 1일, <1일, <1일로 난백액은 7일, 5일, <1일, <1일로 각각 산출되었다.

Keywords

References

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