Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety (한국식품위생안전성학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Hygiene and Safety (한국식품위생안전성학회)
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Analysis of Total Aflatoxin, Ochratoxin A, Zearalenone, Deoxynivalenol and T-2 Toxin Contamination in Nuts

시중유통 견과류의 총아플라톡신, 오크라톡신 A, 제랄레논, 데옥시니발레놀, T-2 독소의 오염도 조사

  • Hong, JoonBae (Food & microbiology Team, Test & Research Department, Consumer safety center, Korea consumer Agency) ;
  • Park, Kun Taek (Department of Biotechnology, Inje University)
  • 홍준배 (한국소비자원 식품미생물팀) ;
  • 박건택 (인제대학교 바이오테크놀로지학부)
  • Received : 2018.11.25
  • Accepted : 2018.12.04
  • Published : 2019.02.28
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Abstract

In the current study, 109 commercial nut samples were collected from different Korean markets and analyzed for the contamination of 5 different mycotoxins (aflatoxin, ochratoxin A, deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, and T-2 toxin) using ELISA kits. The results revealed that the most frequently detected mycotoxin was zearalenone (n=36, 33%), followed by aflatoxin (n=31, 28.4%) and ochratoxin A (n=30, 27.5%). Deoxynivalenol and T-2 toxin were also detected in 22 (20.3%) samples, respectively. Among 109 nut samples, 33 samples (30.3%) were contaminated only with one kind of mycotoxin, whereas 43 samples had at least 2 kinds of mycotoxins. Two samples were contaminated with as many as 4 different mycotoxins, and they were both walnuts. Although the monitoring results revealed the amount of aflatoxin contamination was under the safety criteria, there is no current safety guideline for other kinds of mycotoxins or multiple contaminations in Korea. Therefore, further studies should be performed to reveal the distribution of mycotoxin in different foods and propose appropriate safety guidelines for Korean markets.

시중 유통 중인 견과류 109건에 대하여 5종의 곰팡이독소(총아플라톡신, 오크라톡신 A, 데옥시니발레놀, 제랄레논, T-2 독소)를 ELISA 진단 키트를 이용하여 분석하였다. 총 아플라톡신의 검출결과를 살펴보면, 총 109건 중 31건(28.4%)에서 검출되었고, 평균 검출양은 $3.92{\mu}g/kg$이었고, 범위는 $0.5-14.2{\mu}g/kg$의 검출량을 보였다. 오크라톡신 A의 경우, 109건 중 30건(27.5%)이 검출되었고, 검출된 견과류의 평균 검출량은 $1.78{\mu}g/kg$, 범위는 $N.D.-4.9{\mu}g/kg$의 검출량을 보였다. 제랄레논은 109건 중 36건(33%)이 검출되었고 평균 검출량은 $19.1{\mu}g/kg$ 이었고 $N.D.-124.4{\mu}g/kg$이 검출되었다. 이중 가장 많이 검출된 것은 카카오닙스로 $124.0{\mu}g/kg$이 검출되었다. 데옥시니발레놀 경우, 109건 중 22건(20.2%)이 검출되었고, 검출범위는 $2.0-140.0{\mu}g/kg$, 평균 검출량은 $26.2{\mu}g/kg$이었다. T-2 독소는 109건 중 22건이 검출되었으며, 검출범위는 $N.D.-192.0{\mu}g/kg$이고, 평균 검출량은 $55.91{\mu}g/kg$로 나타났다. 곰팡이독소가 1종 이상 검출된 견과류는 109건 중 76건(69.7%)였으며, 곰팡이독소 1종이 검출된 시료는 33건(30.3%), 2종은 24.8%(27건), 3종은 12.8%(4건) 그리고 4종이 검출된 시료는 1.8%인 2건이었다. 특히 곰팡이독소 4종(오크라톡신, 제랄레논, 데옥시니발레놀 및 T-2)이 검출된 것은 2건으로 호두에서 나타났다. 모니터링 결과 총아플라톡신의 경우, 국내 기준이하의 안전한 수준으로 검출되었으나 오크라톡신, 데옥시니발레놀, 제랄레논, T-2 독소 등의 곰팡이독소에 대한 기준이 없으므로 이에 대한 기준마련이 필요할 것으로 사료되며, 곰팡이독소의 동시 오염에 대한 연구와 더불어, 지속적이고 광범위한 오염실태조사가 이루어져야 할 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

References

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