Wind and Structures

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Wind load and wind-induced effect of the large wind turbine tower-blade system considering blade yaw and interference

  • Ke, S.T. (Department of Civil Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics) ;
  • Wang, X.H. (Department of Civil Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics) ;
  • Ge, Y.J. (State Key Laboratory for Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering, Tongji University)
  • Received : 2017.11.09
  • Accepted : 2018.05.18
  • Published : 2019.02.25
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The yaw and interference effects of blades affect aerodynamic performance of large wind turbine system significantly, thus influencing wind-induced response and stability performance of the tower-blade system. In this study, the 5MW wind turbine which was developed by Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics (NUAA) was chosen as the research object. Large eddy simulation on flow field and aerodynamics of its wind turbine system with different yaw angles($0^{\circ}$, $5^{\circ}$, $10^{\circ}$, $20^{\circ}$, $30^{\circ}$ and $45^{\circ}$) under the most unfavorable blade position was carried out. Results were compared with codes and measurement results at home and abroad, which verified validity of large eddy simulation. On this basis, effects of yaw angle on average wind pressure, fluctuating wind pressure, lift coefficient, resistance coefficient,streaming and wake characteristics on different interference zone of tower of wind turbine were analyzed. Next, the blade-cabin-tower-foundation integrated coupling model of the large wind turbine was constructed based on finite element method. Dynamic characteristics, wind-induced response and stability performance of the wind turbine structural system under different yaw angle were analyzed systematically. Research results demonstrate that with the increase of yaw angle, the maximum negative pressure and extreme negative pressure of the significant interference zone of the tower present a V-shaped variation trend, whereas the layer resistance coefficient increases gradually. By contrast, the maximum negative pressure, extreme negative pressure and layer resistance coefficient of the non-interference zone remain basically same. Effects of streaming and wake weaken gradually. When the yaw angle increases to $45^{\circ}$, aerodynamic force of the tower is close with that when there's no blade yaw and interference. As the height of significant interference zone increases, layer resistance coefficient decreases firstly and then increases under different yaw angles. Maximum means and mean square error (MSE) of radial displacement under different yaw angles all occur at circumferential $0^{\circ}$ and $180^{\circ}$ of the tower. The maximum bending moment at tower bottom is at circumferential $20^{\circ}$. When the yaw angle is $0^{\circ}$, the maximum downwind displacement responses of different blades are higher than 2.7 m. With the increase of yaw angle, MSEs of radial displacement at tower top, downwind displacement of blades, internal force at blade roots all decrease gradually, while the critical wind speed decreases firstly and then increases and finally decreases. The comprehensive analysis shows that the worst aerodynamic performance and wind-induced response of the wind turbine system are achieved when the yaw angle is $0^{\circ}$, whereas the worst stability performance and ultimate bearing capacity are achieved when the yaw angle is $45^{\circ}$.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : Natural Science Foundation of China, Jiangsu Outstanding Youth Foundation, China Postdoctoral Science Foundation

References

  1. Chattot, J.J. (2008), "Tower shadow modelization with helicoidal vortex method", Comput. Fluids, 37(5), 499-504. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compfluid.2007.07.006
  2. Chattot, J.J. (2009), "Effects of blade tip modifications on wind turbine performance using vortex model", Comput. Fluid., 38(7), 1405-1410. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compfluid.2008.01.022
  3. Gallego-Calderon, J. and Natarajan, A. (2015), "Assessment of wind turbine drive-train fatigue loads under torsional excitation", Eng. Struct., 103(15), 189-202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.09.008
  4. GB 50009-2012 (2012), Load code for the design of building structures, The Ministry of Structure of the People's Republic of China, Beijing.(In Chinese).
  5. Hamilton, N. and Cal, R.B. (2015), "Anisotropy of the Reynolds stress tensor in the wakes of wind turbine arrays in Cartesian arrangements with counter-rotating rotors", Phys. Fluid., 27(1), 013106-24.
  6. Hou, P., Hu, W., Chen, C., Soltani, M. and Chen, Z. (2016), "Optimization of offshore wind farm layout in restricted zones", Energy, 113, 487-496. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2016.07.062
  7. Hughes, F.M., Anaya-Lara, O., Ramtharan, G., Jenkins, N. and Strbac, G. (2008), "Influence of tower shadow and wind turbulence on the performance of power system stabilizers for DFIG-based wind farms", IEEE T. Energ. Conver., 23(2), 519-528. https://doi.org/10.1109/TEC.2008.918586
  8. Jeong, M.S., Kim, S.W., Lee, I., Yoo, S.J. and Park, K.C. (2013), "The impact of yaw error on aeroelastic characteristics of a horizontal axis wind turbine blade", Renew. Energ., 60(5), 256-268. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2013.05.014
  9. Jimenez, A., Crespo, A. and Migoya, E. (2010), "Application of a LES technique to characterize the wake deflection of a wind turbine in yaw", Wind Energy, 13(6), 559-572. https://doi.org/10.1002/we.380
  10. Ke, S.T., Wang, T.G., Ge, Y.J. and Tamura, Y. (2014), "Windinduced responses and equivalent static wind loads of towerblade coupled large wind turbine system", Struct. Eng. Mech., 52(3), 485-505. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2014.52.3.485
  11. Ke, S.T., Wang, T.G., Ge, Y.J., et al. (2015), "Aeroelastic Responses of ultra Large Wind Turbine tower-blade coupled structures with SSI Effect", Adv. Struct. Eng., 18(12), 2075-2087. https://doi.org/10.1260/1369-4332.18.12.2075
  12. Ke, S.T., Yu, W., Wang, T.G., Ge, Y.J. and Tamura, Y. (2017), "The effect of blade positions on the aerodynamic performances of wind turbine system", Wind Struct., 24(3):205-221. https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2017.24.3.205
  13. Ke, S.T., Yu, W., Wang, T.G., Zhao, L. and Ge, Y.J. (2016), "Wind loads and load-effects of large scale wind turbine tower with different halt positions of blade", Wind Struct., 23(6), 559-575. https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2016.23.6.559
  14. Kong, C., Bang, J. and Sugiyama, Y. (2005), "Structural investigation of composite wind turbine blade considering various load cases and fatigue life", Energy, 30(11), 2101-2114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2004.08.016
  15. Kuo, J.Y.J., Romero, D.A., Beck, J.C. and Amon, C.H. (2016), "Wind farm layout optimization on complex terrains - Integrating a CFD wake model with mixed-integer programming", Appl. Energ., 178, 404-414. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.06.085
  16. Li, X.N., Lu, Y., Liu, Q.K., et al. (2015), "Experimental study on wind-included interference effects of circular section chimneys", Eng. Mech., 1, 159-162. (In Chinese).
  17. Majid, B. and Fernando, P.A. (2016), "Experimental and theoretical study of windA turbine wakes in yawed conditions", J. Fluid Mech., 806, 506-541. https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2016.595
  18. Mo, J.O., Choudhry, A., Arjomandi, M., Kelso, R. and Lee, Y.H. (2013), "Effects of wind speed changes on wake instability of a wind turbine in a virtual wind tunnel using large eddy simulation", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 117(117), 38-56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2013.03.007
  19. Nishimura, H. and Taniike, Y. (2001), "Aerodynamic characteristics of fluctuating forces on a circular cylinder", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 89(1), 713-723. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6105(01)00067-8
  20. Smagorinsky, J. (1963), "General circulation experiments with the primitive equations", Mon. Weather Rev., 91(3), 99-164. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493(1963)091<0099:GCEWTP>2.3.CO;2
  21. Wang, L., Liu, X., Renevier, N., Stables, M. and Hall, G.M. (2014), "Nonlinear aeroelasticmodelling for wind turbine blades based on blade element momentum theory and geometrically exact beam theory", Energy, 76(76), 487-501. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2014.08.046
  22. Wang, Q., Zhou, H. and Wan, D. (2012), "Numerical Simulation of Wind Turbine Blade-Tower Interaction", J. Mar. Sci. Appl., 11(3), 321-327. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11804-012-1139-9