The Plant Pathology Journal

The Korean Society of Plant Pathology (한국식물병리학회)
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Winter Wheat Grain Yield Response to Fungicide Application is Influenced by Cultivar and Rainfall

  • Byamukama, Emmanuel (Department of Agronomy, Horticulture, and Plant Science, South Dakota State University) ;
  • Ali, Shaukat (Department of Agronomy, Horticulture, and Plant Science, South Dakota State University) ;
  • Kleinjan, Jonathan (Department of Agronomy, Horticulture, and Plant Science, South Dakota State University) ;
  • Yabwalo, Dalitso N. (Department of Agronomy, Horticulture, and Plant Science, South Dakota State University) ;
  • Graham, Christopher (Department of Agronomy, Horticulture, and Plant Science, South Dakota State University) ;
  • Caffe-Treml, Melanie (Department of Agronomy, Horticulture, and Plant Science, South Dakota State University) ;
  • Mueller, Nathan D. (Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln) ;
  • Rickertsen, John (NDSU Hettinger Research Extension Center) ;
  • Berzonsky, William A. (Bayer CropScience LP, North American Wheat Breeding)
  • Received : 2018.04.13
  • Accepted : 2018.08.27
  • Published : 2019.02.01
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Abstract

Winter wheat is susceptible to several fungal pathogens throughout the growing season and foliar fungicide application is one of the strategies used in the management of fungal diseases in winter wheat. However, for fungicides to be profitable, weather conditions conducive to fungal disease development should be present. To determine if winter wheat yield response to fungicide application at the flowering growth stage (Feekes 10.5.1) was related to the growing season precipitation, grain yield from fungicide treated plots was compared to non-treated plots for 19 to 30 hard red winter wheat cultivars planted at 8 site years from 2011 through 2015. At all locations, Prothioconazole + Tebuconazole or Tebuconazole alone was applied at flowering timing for the fungicide treated plots. Grain yield response (difference between treated and non-treated) ranged from 66-696 kg/ha across years and locations. Grain yield response had a positive and significant linear relationship with cumulative rainfall in May through June for the mid and top grain yield ranked cultivars ($R^2=54%$, 78%, respectively) indicating that a higher amount of accumulated rainfall in this period increased chances of getting a higher yield response from fungicide application. Cultivars treated with a fungicide had slightly higher protein content (up to 0.5%) compared to non-treated. These results indicate that application of fungicides when there is sufficient moisture in May and June may increase chances of profitability from fungicide application.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Relationship between yield response as a result of fungicide application with total rainfall May through June for the bottom 20% yielding cultivars, 60% middle yielding cultivars, and top 20% yielding cultivars from three locations in 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2015.

Table 1. Hard red winter wheat cultivars that were tested in the South Dakota Crop Performance Tests between 2011 and 2015

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Table 2. Weather conditions during the winter wheat growing season at various locations 2011-2015

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Table 3. A paired t-test for grain yield for fungicide treated and non-treated plots for winter wheat cultivars planted at Brookings, Beresford or Ideal locations

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Table 4. Analysis of variance for location, cultivar classification on the yield response from applying a fungicide in winter wheat

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Table 5. Yield response from fungicide application on winter wheat cultivars influenced by the cultivar class: bottom (20% lowest yielding), middle (60% average yield), and top (20% top yield)

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Table 6. A paired t-test for test weight between fungicide treated and non-treated plots for winter wheat cultivars planted at Brook-ings, Beresford or Ideal locations

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Table 7. A paired t-test for protein content between fungicide treated and non-treated plots for winter wheat cultivars planted at Brookings and Ideal locations

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