Educational Technology International

The Korean Society for Education Technology (한국교육공학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Development of an ADDIE Based Instructional Model for ELT in Early Childhood Education

  • Received : 2019.02.16
  • Accepted : 2019.04.15
  • Published : 2019.04.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The core purpose of the study is to develop and validate an ADDIE model based instructional model for English Language Teaching (ELT) in early childhood classroom in Bangladesh as an aid to teachers to reconstruct their knowledge and experience more strategically, and for them to design and implement their instruction more structurally. This study is developmental in nature which has been divided in five phases as follows. Phase I: Existing methods and instructional strategy review, Phase II: Instructional model development, Phase III: Delphi 1st round, Phase IV: Delphi 2nd round and Phase V: Model validation. After reviewing relevant literature and existing strategy in phase I, the 1st version of instructional model is made phase II. Next in phase III and phase IV, two rounds of Delphi have been conducted where experts related to different concerning areas of this study reviewed the 1st version and gradually the final version of the instructional model is made. Finally, the instructional model for English teachers of early childhood classroom in Bangladesh got validated by the same Delphi panelists in Phase V. In respect with each phases of ADDIE, the instructional model elaborates the 1) representative key points, 2) instructors' activities prescribed for the instructors, 3) supporting strategies. Both the conceptual and procedural models are included in this study for clearer identification of the whole process. Lastly the study provides some recommendations for instructors and practitioners on choosing the instructional model like doing prior need analysis, incorporating teacher training programs, training students, keeping on researching for finding effective teaching technique and tools and being open to changes etc. In addition, the study also acknowledges its limitations like not being able to consider the psychological factors due to time limitation. Finally, at the end the study points out the areas that welcome further research.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by the Dong-A University research fund.

References

  1. ADDIE Model. (n. d.). Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ADDIE_Model
  2. ADDIE Model. (n. d.). Retrieved from https://www.learning-theories.com/addie-model.html
  3. Ahmed, M. (2005). Teaching English in the primary school: Challenges and options. Bangladesh Education Journal, 4(1), 17-23.
  4. Branch, R. M. (2014). Instructional design: The ADDIE Approach. NY: Springer.
  5. Campaign for Popular Education (CAMPE). (2009). Education Watch 2008: State of primary education in Bangladesh: Progress made, challenges remained. Dhaka, Bangladesh: CAMPE.
  6. Custer, R. L., Scarcella, J. A., & Stewart, B. R. (1999). The modified Delphi technique: A rotational modification. Journal of Vocational and Technical Education, 15(2), 1-10.
  7. Dalkey, N. C. (1972). The Delphi method: An experimental study of group opinion. In N. C. Dalkey, D. L. Rourke, R. Lewis, & D. Snyder (Eds.).
  8. Dalkey, N. C., & Helmer, O. (1963). An experimental application of the Delphi method to the use of experts. Management Science, 9(3), 458-467.
  9. Dalkey, N. C., & Rourke, D. L. (1972). Experimental assessment of Delphi procedures with group value judgments. In N. C. Dalkey, D. L. Rourke, R. Lewis, & D. Snyder (Eds.). Studies in the quality of life: Delphi and decision-making (pp. 55-83). Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.
  10. Department of Primary and Mass Education (DPME). (1997). National Committee for Primary Education [in Bangla]. Dhaka: DPME.
  11. DeSimone, R. L., Werner, J. M. (2012). Human resource development. Mason, OH: South-Western College Pub.
  12. Dousay, T., & Logan, R. (2011). Analyzing and Evaluating the Phases of ADDIE. Design, Development and Research Conference, Cape Town: South Africa.
  13. Gagnee, R. M., Wager, W. W., Golas, K. C., & Keller, J. M. (2004). Principles of instructional design. Belmont: CA.
  14. Hamid, M. O. (2011). Planning for failure: English and language policy and planning in Bangladesh. In J. Fishman & O. Garcia (Eds.), Handbook of language and ethnic identity (Vol. 2, pp. 192-203). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  15. Hamid, M. O., & Honan, E. (2012). Communicative English in the primary classroom: Implications for English-in-education policy and practice in Bangladesh. Language, Culture and Curriculum, 25(2), 139-156.
  16. Harmer, J. (2007). The practice of English language teaching. Harlow: Pearson Longman.
  17. Hsu, C. C., & Sandford, B. A. (2007). The Delphi technique: making sense of consensus. Practical Assessment, Research & Evaluation, 12(10), 1-8.
  18. Jin, S. (2009). A study on visual transformation of digital text for enhancing text comprehension: A perspective from text structure and contents. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
  19. Jonassen, D. H., Tessmer, M., & Hannum, W. H. (1998). Task analysis methods for instructional design. New York: Routledge.
  20. Kolb, A. (2007). How Languages Are Learnt: Primary Children's Language Learning Beliefs. Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching, 1, 227-241.
  21. Ludwig, B. (1997). Predicting the future: Have you considered using the Delphi methodology? Journal of Extension, 35(5), 1-4.
  22. Miller, L. E. (2006, October). Determining what could/should be: The Delphi technique and its application. Paper presented at the meeting of the 2006 annual meeting of the Mid-Western Educational Research Association, Columbus, Ohio.
  23. Molenda, M. (2003). In search of the elusive ADDIE model. Performance Improvement, 42(5), 34-35.
  24. Murphy, V. A., & Evangelou, M. (Eds.). (2016). Early childhood education in English for speakers of other languages. London: British Council.
  25. National Curriculum and Textbook Board (NCTB). (2002). English for today: Class 1. Dhaka: Author.
  26. National Curriculum and Textbook Board, NCTB (1996). Curriculum and Syllabus, Junior Secondary Level, Report: First Part, NCTB, Dhaka.
  27. Richey, R. C., & Klein, J. D. (2007). Design and development research: Methods, strategies, and issues. New York: Routledge.
  28. Rossett, A., Sheldon, K. (2001). Beyond the Podium: Delivering Training and Performance to a Digital World. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass/Pfeiffer.
  29. Rubio, D. M., Berg-Weger, M., Tebb, S. S., Lee, E. S., & Rauch, S. (2003). Objectifying content validity: Conducting a content validity study in social work research. Social Work Research, 27(2), 94-104.
  30. Shrestha, P. N. (2013). English language classroom practices: Bangladeshi primary school children's perceptions. RELC Journal, 44(2), 147-162.
  31. Smith, P. L., & Ragan, T. J. (2005). Instructional design (3rd ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons.
  32. Tovey, M.D. (1997). Training in Australia. Sydney: Prentice Hall of Australia.
  33. Turoff, M., & Hiltz, S. R. (1996). Computer based Delphi process. In M. Adler, & E. Ziglio (Eds.). Gazing into the oracle: The Delphi method and its application to social policy and public health (pp. 56-88). London, UK: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
  34. Ulschak, F. L. (1983). Human resource development: The theory and practice of need assessment. Reston, VA: Reston Publishing Company, Inc.