References
- AOAC. 2000. Official Methods of Analysis. 15th ed. pp.777-788. Association of Offical Analytical Chemists
-
Belia S, Pietrangelo T, Fulle S, Menchetti G, Cecchini E, Felaco M, Vecchiet J, Fano G. 1998. Sodium nitroprusside, a NO donor, modifies
$Ca^{2+}$ transport and mechanical properties in frog skeletal muscle. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 19:865-876 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005499606155 - Dai J, Mumper RJ. 2010. Plant phenolics: Extraction, analysis and their antioxidant and anticancer properties. Molecules 15:7313-7352 https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules15107313
- DiPiro JT, Talbert RL, Yee GC, Matzke GR, Wells BG, Posey LM. 2005. Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach. 6nd ed. pp.1860-1862. McGraw-Hill
- Folin O, Denis W. 1912. On phosphotungstic-phosphomolybdic compounds as color reagents. J Bio Chem 12:239-249 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9258(18)88697-5
- Garner BC, Stoker AM, Kuroki K, Evans R, Cook CR, Cook JL. 2011. Using animal models in osteoarthritis biomarker research. J Knee Surg 24:251-264 https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0031-1297361
- Gwak JH, Kim IH. 1974. The studies on the anti-inflammatory activity of Caragana sinica root. Korean J Pharmacogn 5:179-185
- Ha GJ, Kim HY, Ha IJ, Cho SR, Moon JY, Seo GI. 2019. Quality and antioxidant properties of fermented sweet potato using lactic acid bacteria. Korean J Food Nutr 32:494-503
- Ha KY, Chang CH. 1999. Effect of estrogen receptor on degenerative change and displacement of facet joint. Korean J Soc Spine Surg 6:1-7
- Han ZZ, Xu HD, Kim KH, Ahn TH, Bae JS, Lee JY, Gil KH, Lee JY, Woo SJ, Yoo HJ, Lee HK, Kim KH, Park CK, Zhang HS, Song SW. 2010. Reference data of the main physiological parameters in control Sprague-Dawley rats from pre-clinical toxicity studies. Lab Anim Res 26:153-164 https://doi.org/10.5625/lar.2010.26.2.153
- Hwang GJ, Kim IH. 1983. Aanti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of the root of Caragana kpreana. Korea J Parmacogn 14:140-146
- Jeon YS, Jo BS, Park HJ, Kang SA, Cho YJ. 2012. Screening of biological activity of Caragana sinica extracts. Korean J Soc Food Sci Nutr 41:1211-1219 https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2012.41.9.1211
- Jeong YP, Yoon YC, Yoon DH. 2007. Effects of herbal acupuncture (Crataegus pinnatifida) at BL21 on the obese rats induced by high fat diet. Korean J Acupunct Moxib Soc 24:55-68
- Jeong YS, Lee SH, Song J, Hwang KA, Noh GM, Jang DE, Hwang IG. 2016. Phytochemical contents and antioxidant activities of Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten. Korean J Food Nutr 29:767-776 https://doi.org/10.9799/ksfan.2016.29.5.767
- Kalbhen DA. 1987. Chemical model of osteoarthritis: A pharmacological evaluation. J Rheumatol 14:130-131
- Kim EJ, Choi JY, Yu Miri, Kim MY, Lee Sh, Lee BH. 2012. Total polyphenols, total flavonoid contents, and antioxidant activity of Korean natural and medicinal plants. Korean J Food Sci Technol 44:337-342 https://doi.org/10.9721/KJFST.2012.44.3.337
- Kim EJ, Chung HW, Kim GY. 2008. Effect of Achyrantis radixs and ultrasound in osteoarthritis rats articular cartilage. Korean J Physiol Pathol Med 22:390-396
- Kim EN, Roh SS, Jeong GS. 2018a. Inhibitory effect of Sparassis crispa (Wulf.) ext ract on monosodium iodoacetate induced osteoarthritis. Korean J Pharmacogn 49:262-269
- Kim GS, Park GS. 2012. Quality characteristics of Sikhe prepared with Cnidium officinale Makino water extracts. Korean J East Asian Soc Diet Life 22:868-878
- Kim JS, Lee AY, Moon BC, Kim HS, Kim WJ, Kim C, Choi G, Kim SH, Chun JM. 2018b. Effects of aqueous extract from Taxillus chinensis on monosodium iodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis in rats. Korean J Herbol 33:81-88
- Kim MG, Seo IB, Leem KH, Jeong T, Kim JS. 2017. Effects of Achyranthis japonica radix-containing mixture on monosodium iodoacetate-induced osteoart hritis in rats. Korean J Herbol 32:83-89 https://doi.org/10.6116/kjh.2017.32.1.83.
- Kim MJ, Park HJ, Kim KJ, Lee JA, Shin MR, Roh SS. 2019. Protective effect of Dioscoreae rhizoma extracts in MIAinduced rat. Korean J Herbol 34:27-35
-
Kumar V, Al-Abbasi FA, Ahmed D, Verma A, Mujeeb M, Anwar F. 2015. Paederia foetida Linn. inhibits adjuvant induced arthritis by suppression of PGE(2) and COX -2 expression via nuclear factor-
${\kappa}B$ . J Food Funct 6:1652-1666 https://doi.org/10.1039/C5FO00178A - Lee HS. 2014. Prevalence of osteoarthritis and related risk factors in the elderly: Data from the fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V), 2010-2012. Korean J Diet Assoc 20:99-109 https://doi.org/10.14373/JKDA.2014.20.2.99
- Lee SC, Chung SI, Kang MY. 2016. Effects of a Caragana sinica water extract on lipid and glucose metabolism in ovariectomized rats. Korean J Plant Resour 29:532-538 https://doi.org/10.7732/kjpr.2016.29.5.532
- Lee YB, Yoo SJ, Kim JS, Kang SS. 1990. Saponins from the roots Caragana chamlagu. Korean J Pharmacogn 21:193-199
- Lu Y, Foo LY. 2000. Antioxidant and radical scavenging activities of polyphenols from apple pomace. J Food Chem 68:81-85 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-8146(99)00167-3
- Ma CW, Ham IH, Whang WK. 1999. The flavonoids from Camgana chamlagu leaves. Yakhak Hoeji 43:143-149
- Moreno MIN, Isla MI, Sampietro AR, Vattuone MA. 2000. Comparison of the free radical-scavenging activity of propolis from several regions of Argentina. J Ethnopharmacol 71:109-114 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-8741(99)00189-0
- Nam DE, Kim OK, Lee J. 2013. Therapeutic effects of Curdrania tricuspidata leaf extract on osteoarthritis. Korean J Food Sci Nutr 42:697-704 https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2013.42.5.697
- Park JS, Cha DS, Jeon H. 2016. Anti-nociceptive activity of methanolic extract of Caragana sinica. Korean J Pharmacogn 47:38-42
- Park LY. 2014. Quality characteristics and antioxidant activity of Sikhe prepared using hot water extracts of roasted coffee ground residue. Korean J Food Sci Technol 46:470-476 https://doi.org/10.9721/KJFST.2014.46.4.470
- Park YS. 2002. Antioxidative acticities and contents of polyphenolic compound of medicinal herb extracts. Korean J East Asian Soc Diet Life 12:23-31
- Pearson RG Kurien T, Shu KSS, Scammell BE. 2011. Histopathology grading systems for characterisation of human knee osteoarthritis - reproducibility, variability, reliability, correlation, and validity. Osteoarthr Cartil 19:324-331 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joca.2010.12.005
- Seok JH, Lee SY, Chae EJ, Choi SW. 2010. Skin whitening effects of Caragana sinica Rehder extract fermented by Saccharomyces cerevisiae KCTC 7913. J Soc Cosmet Sci Korea 36:207-213
- Shen Y, Jin L, Xiao P, Lu Y, Bao J. 2009. Total phenolics, flavonoids, antioxidant capacity in rice grain and their relations to grain color, size and weight. J Cereal Sci 49:106-111 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcs.2008.07.010
- Shon HK, Lee YS, Park YH, Kim MJ, Lee KA. 2008. Physico-chemical properties of Gugija (Lycii fructus) extracts. Korean J Food Cookery Sci 24:905-911
- van der Kraan PM, Vitters EL, van de Putte LB, van den Berg WB. 1989. Development of osteoarthritic lesions in mice by "metabolic" and "mechanical" alterations in the knee joints. Am J Pathol 135:1001-1014
- Whang HJ, Han WS, Yoon KR. 2001. Quantitative analysis of total phenolic content in apple. Anal Sci Technol 14:377-383
- Witter J, Dionne, RA. 2004. What can chronic arthritis pain teach about developing new analgesic drugs? J Arthritis Res Ther 6:279-281 https://doi.org/10.1186/ar1450
- Yang JW, Kim YE, Lee KH. 2015. Physicochemical characteristics and antioxidant activities of Sikhye made with pigmented rice. J East Asian Soc Diet Life 25:830-841 https://doi.org/10.17495/easdl.2015.10.25.5.830