Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea (한국경제지리학회지)

The Economic Geographical Society of Korea (한국경제지리학회)
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Accessibility and Spatial Equity of Subway Networks in Seoul

서울시 지하철 네트워크의 접근성과 공간적 형평성

  • Song, Yena (Department of Geography, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Lee, Keumsook (Department of Geography, Sungshin Women's University) ;
  • Jang, Hanwool (Moon Soul Graduate School of Future Strategy, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology)
  • 송예나 (전남대학교 지리학과) ;
  • 이금숙 (성신여자대학교 지리학과) ;
  • 장한울 (KAIST 문술미래전략 대학원)
  • Received : 2019.12.09
  • Published : 2019.12.31
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Abstract

In Seoul, the subway system has been in use since 1974 and is the most frequently used travel mode accounting for approximately 40% of passenger journeys in 2015. As such the subway system is widely adopted by people and therefore, can have great impacts on their everyday life. However, it is easily noted that transit resources are not distributed spatially uniform, in other words, not all parts of the city gain the same benefits from their networks. This study aims to examine the inequity of spatial distribution of subway networks based on accessibility. Accessibility of subway networks are calculated based on the time-distance between stations and then equity is measured using the Gini index. Resulted map of subway accessibility shows that the benefits are not evenly distributed in Seoul with a pattern of highly accessible core - less accessible periphery areas. Also the subway accessibility network has fairer distribution against the employees' distribution rather than the distribution of general population or possibly transit dependent groups.

서울시 지하철은 1974년 개통되어 네트워크를 지속적으로 확대해왔다. 지하철은 최근 전체 여객 통행의 40% 정도를 담당하며 가장 자주 사용되는 교통수단으로 자리매김하였다. 따라서 지하철 접근성이 시민들의 일상생활에 미치는 영향이 매우 크다고 볼 수 있다. 하지만 지하철을 비롯한 대중교통 자원은 공간적으로 균등하게 분배되지 않아 이로 인한 혜택이 불균등하게 배분되는 경우가 일반적이다. 본 연구에서는 서울시 지하철 접근성의 공간적 분포와 형평성을 살피고자 한다. 지하철 접근성은 역 간 이동시간을 계산하여 산출하였고 형평성은 지니계수를 적용하여 수치화하였다. 그 결과 지하철 접근성은 중심부-주변부 패턴을 보이며 중심업무지구는 높게 서울시 외곽은 낮게 나타났다. 또한 지하철 네트워크는 인구 및 대중교통 의존 계층의 공간 분포보다 고용자 분포를 고려해 보았을 때 보다 공평하게 배분되어 있음을 확인하였다.

Keywords

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