DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Strain rate effects on soil-geosynthetic interaction in fine-grained soil

  • Safa, Maryam (Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University) ;
  • Maleka, Amin (Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University) ;
  • Arjomand, Mohammad-Ali (Faculty of Civil Engineering, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University) ;
  • Khorami, Masoud (Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Central Branch, Islamic Azad University) ;
  • Shariati, Mahdi (Division of Computational Mathematics and Engineering, Institute for Computational Science, Ton Duc Thang University)
  • Received : 2019.04.15
  • Accepted : 2019.12.14
  • Published : 2019.12.30

Abstract

Geosynthetic reinforced soil method in coarse-grained soils has been widely used in last decades. Two effective factors on soil-geosynthetic interaction are confining stresses and loading rate in clay. In terms of methodology, one pull-out test with four different strain rates, namely 0.75, 1.25, 1.75 and 2.25 mm/min, and three different normal stresses equal to 20, 50, and 80 kg have been performed on specimens with dimensions of 30×30×17 cm in the saturated, consolidated condition. The obtained results have demonstrated that activation of geosynthetic strength at contact surface depends on the applied stress. In addition, the increase in normal stress would increase the shear strength at contact surface between clay and geogrid. Moreover, it is concluded that the strain rate increment would increase the shear strength.

Keywords

References

  1. Afrazi, M. and Rouhanifar, S. (2019), "Experimental study on mechanical behavior of sand-rubber mixtures", Modares Civ. Eng. J., 19(4), 83-96 (In Persian).
  2. Afrazi, M., Yazdani, M., Alitalesh, M. and Fakhimi, A. (2018), "Numerical analysis of effective parameters in direct shear test by hybrid discrete - finite element method", Modares Civ. Eng. J., 18(3), 13-24 (In Persian).
  3. Arabnejad Khanouki, M.M., Sulong, N.R., Shariati, M. and Tahir, M.M. (2016a), "Investigation of through beam connection to concrete filled circular steel tube (CFCST) column", J. Construct. Steel Res., 121, 144-162. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00366-019-00780-7.
  4. Arabnejad Khanouki, M.M., Sulong, N.R., Shariati, M. and Tahir, M.M. (2016b), "Investigation of through beam connection to concrete filled circular steel tube (CFCST) column", J. Construct. Steel Res., 121, 144-162. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcsr.2016.01.002.
  5. Davoodnabi, S.M., Mirhosseini, S.M. and Shariati, M. (2019), "Behavior of steel-concrete composite beam using angle shear connectors at fire condition", Steel Compos. Struct., 30(2), 141-147. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2019.30.2.141.
  6. Heydari, A. and Shariati, M. (2018), "Buckling analysis of tapered BDFGM nano-beam under variable axial compression resting on elastic medium", Struct. Eng. Mech., 66(6), 737-748. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2018.66.6.737.
  7. Hosseinpour, E., Baharom, S., Badaruzzaman, W.H.W., Shariati, M. and Jalali, A. (2018), "Direct shear behavior of concrete filled hollow steel tube shear connector for slim-floor steel beams", Steel Compos. Struct., 26(4), 485-499. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2018.26.4.485.
  8. Ismail, M., Shariati, M., Abdul Awal, A.S.M., Chiong, C.E., Chahnasir, E.S., Porbar, A., Heydari, A. and Khorami, M. (2018), "Strengthening of bolted shear joints in industrialized ferrocement construction", Steel Compos. Struct., 28(6), 681-690. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2018.28.6.681.
  9. Katebi, J., Shoaei-parchin, M., Shariati, M., Trung, N.T. and Khorami, M. (2019), "Developed comparative analysis of metaheuristic optimization algorithms for optimal active control of structures", Eng. Comput., 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00366-019-00780-7.
  10. Khorami, M., Alvansazyazdi, M., Shariati, M., Zandi, Y., Jalali, A. and Tahir, M. (2017a), "Seismic performance evaluation of buckling restrained braced frames (BRBF) using incremental nonlinear dynamic analysis method (IDA)", Earthq. Struct., 13(6), 531-538. http://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2017.13.6.531.
  11. Khorami, M., Khorami, M., Motahar, H., Alvansazyazdi, M., Shariati, M., Jalali, A. and Tahir, M.M. (2017b), "Evaluation of the seismic performance of special moment frames using incremental nonlinear dynamic analysis", Struct. Eng. Mech., 63(2), 259-268. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2017.63.2.259.
  12. Khorramian, K., Maleki, S., Shariati, M. and Sulong, N. R. (2015), "Behavior of tilted angle shear connectors", PLoS One, 10(12), e0144288. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0144288.
  13. Khorramian, K., Maleki, S., Shariati, M., Jalali, A. and Tahir, M.M. (2017), "Numerical analysis of tilted angle shear connectors in steel-concrete composite systems", Steel Compos. Struct., 23(1), 67-85. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2017.23.1.067.
  14. Kildashti, K., Samali, B., Mortazavi, M., Ronagh, H. and Sharafi, P. (2019), "Seismic collapse assessment of a hybrid cold-formed hot-rolled steel building", J. Construct. Steel Res., 155, 504-516. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2019.01.010.
  15. Li, D., Toghroli, A., Shariati, M., Sajedi, F., Bui, D.T., Kianmehr, P., Mohamad, E.T. and Khorami, M. (2019), "Application of polymer, silica-fume and crushed rubber in the production of Pervious concrete", Smart Struct. Syst., 23(2), 207-214. http://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2019.23.2.207.
  16. Luo, Z., Sinaei, H., Ibrahim, Z., Shariati, M., Jumaat, Z., Wakil, K., Mohamad, E.T. and Khorami, M. (2019), "Computational and experimental analysis of beam to column joints reinforced with CFRP plates", Steel Compos. Struct., 30(3), 271-280. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2019.30.3.271.
  17. Milovancevic, M., Marinovic, J.S., Nikolic, J., Kitic, A., Shariati, M., Trung, N.T., Wakil, K. and Khorami, M. (2019), "UML diagrams for dynamical monitoring of rail vehicles", Physica A Stat. Mech. Appl., 531, 121169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2019.121169.
  18. Mohammadhassani, M., Nezamabadi-Pour, H., Suhatril, M. and Shariati, M. (2013), "Identification of a suitable ANN architecture in predicting strain in tie section of concrete deep beams", Struct. Eng. Mech., 46(6), 853-868. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/sem.2013.46.6.853.
  19. Mohammadhassani, M., Nezamabadi-Pour, H., Suhatril, M. and Shariati, M. (2014a), "An evolutionary fuzzy modelling approach and comparison of different methods for shear strength prediction of high-strength concrete beams without stirrups", Smart Struct. Syst., 14(5), 785-809. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/sss.2014.14.5.785.
  20. Mohammadhassani, M., Suhatril, M., Shariati, M. and Ghanbari, F. (2014b), "Ductility and strength assessment of HSC beams with varying of tensile reinforcement ratios", Struct. Eng. Mech., 48(6), 833-848. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/sem.2013.48.6.833.
  21. Mortazavi, M., Sharafi, P., Kildashti, K. and Samali, B. (2020), "Prefabricated hybrid steel wall panels for mid-rise construction in seismic regions", J. Build. Eng., 27, 100942. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2019.100942.
  22. Muntohar, A. S., Widianti, A., Hartono, E. and Diana, W. (2012), "Engineering properties of silty soil stabilized with lime and rice husk ash and reinforced with waste plastic fiber", J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 25(9), 1260-1270. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0000659.
  23. Nasrollahi, S., Maleki, S., Shariati, M., Marto, A. and Khorami, M. (2018), "Investigation of pipe shear connectors using push out test", Steel Compos. Struct., 27(5), 537-543. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2018.27.5.537.
  24. Nosrati, A., Zandi, Y., Shariati, M., Khademi, K., Aliabad, M. D., Marto, A., Mu'azu, M.A., Ghanbari, E., Mahdizadeh, M.B., Shariati, A. and Khorami, M. (2018), "Portland cement structure and its major oxides and fineness", Smart Struct. Syst., 22(4), 425-432. https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2018.22.4.425.
  25. Paknahad, M., Bazzaz, M. and Khorami, M. (2018), "Shear capacity equation for channel shear connectors in steel-concrete composite beams", Steel Compos. Struct., 28(4), 483-494. https://doi.org/10.12989/SCS.2018.28.4.483
  26. Saberian, M., Mehrinejad Khotbehsara, M., Jahandari, S., Vali, R. and Li, J. (2018), "Experimental and phenomenological study of the effects of adding shredded tire chips on geotechnical properties of peat", Int. J. Geotech. Eng., 12(4), 347-356. https://doi.org/10.1080/19386362.2016.1277829.
  27. Sadeghi Chahnasir, E., Zandi, Y., Shariati, M., Dehghani, E., Toghroli, A., Mohamad, E.T., Shariati, A., Safa, M., Wakil, K. and Khorami, M. (2018), "Application of support vector machine with firefly algorithm for investigation of the factors affecting the shear strength of angle shear connectors", Smart Struct. Syst., 22(4), 413-424. http://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2018.22.4.413.
  28. Safa, M., Shariati, M., Ibrahim, Z., Toghroli, A., Baharom, S.B., Nor, N.M. and Petkovic, D. (2016), "Potential of adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system for evaluating the factors affecting steel-concrete composite beam's shear strength", Steel Compos. Struct., 21(3), 679-688 http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/scs.2016.21.3.679
  29. Sajedi, F. and Shariati, M. (2019), "Behavior study of NC and HSC RCCs confined by GRP casing and CFRP wrapping", Steel Compos. Struct., 30(5), 417-432. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2019.30.5.417.
  30. Sari, P. A., Suhatril, M., Osman, N., Mu'azu, M., Dehghani, H., Sedghi, Y., Safa, M., Hasanipanah, M., Wakil, K. and Khorami, M. (2018), "An intelligent based-model role to simulate the factor of safe slope by support vector regression", Eng. Comput., 35(4), 1521-1531. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00366-018-0677-4.
  31. Sedghi, Y., Zandi, Y., Toghroli, A., Safa, M., Mohamad, E.T., Khorami, M. and Wakil, K. (2018), "Application of ANFIS technique on performance of C and L shaped angle shear connectors", Smart Struct. Syst., 22(3), 335-340. http://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2018.22.3.335
  32. Shah, S.N.R., Sulong, N.R., Shariati, M. and Jumaat, M.Z. (2015), "Steel rack connections: identification of most influential factors and a comparison of stiffness design methods, PloS one, 10(10), e0139422. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0139422.
  33. Shahabi, S.E.M., Sulong, N. H., Shariati, M., Mohammadhassani, M. and Shah, S.N.R. (2016), "Numerical analysis of channel connectors under fire and a comparison of performance with different types of shear connectors subjected to fire", Steel Compos. Struct., 20(3), 651-669. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/scs.2016.20.3.651.
  34. Shao, Z. and Vesel, A. (2015), "Modeling the packing coloring problem of graphs", Appl. Math. Modell., 39(13), 3588-3595. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2014.11.060.
  35. Shao, Z., Armaghani, D.J., Bejarbaneh, B.Y., Mu'azu, M.A. and Mohamad, E.T. (2019a), "Estimating the friction angle of black shale core specimens with Hybrid-ANN approaches", Measurement, 145, 744-755. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2019.06.007.
  36. Shao, Z., Gholamalizadeh, E., Boghosian, A., Askarian, B. and Liu, Z. (2019b), "The chiller's electricity consumption simulation by considering the demand response program in power system", Appl. Therm. Eng., 149, 1114-1124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2018.12.121.
  37. Shao, Z., Wakil, K., Usak, M., Heidari, M.A., Wang, B. and Simoes, R. (2018), "Kriging empirical mode decomposition via support vector machine learning technique for autonomous operation diagnosing of CHP in microgrid", Appl. Therm. Eng., 145, 58-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2018.09.028.
  38. Sharafi, P., Mortazavi, M., Samali, B. and Ronagh, H. (2018a), "Interlocking system for enhancing the integrity of multi-storey modular buildings", Autom. Construct., 85, 263-272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2017.10.023.
  39. Sharafi, P., Mortazavi, M., Usefi, N., Kildashti, K., Ronagh, H. and Samali, B. (2018b), "Lateral force resisting systems in lightweight steel frames: recent research advances", Thin-Walled Struct., 130, 231-253. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2018.04.019.
  40. Sharafi, P., Rashidi, M., Mortazavi, M., Samali, B. and Ronagh, H. (2018c), "Identification of factors and multi-criteria decision analysis of the level of modularization in building construction", J. Archit. Eng., 24. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)AE.1943-5568.0000312
  41. Sharafi, P., Rashidi, M., Samali, B., Ronagh, H. and Mortazavi, M. (2018d), "Identification of factors and decision analysis of the level of modularization in building construction", J. Archit. Eng., 24(2), 04018010. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)AE.1943-5568.0000313.
  42. Shariat, M., Shariati, M., Madadi, A. and Wakil, K. (2018), "Computational Lagrangian multiplier method using optimization and sensitivity analysis of rectangular reinforced concrete beams", Steel Compos. Struct., 29(2), 243-256.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/scs.2018.29.2.243.
  43. Shariati, M. (2008), "Assessment of building using none-destructive test techniques (ultrasonic Pulse Velocity and Schmidt rebound hammer)", Ph.D. Dissertation, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.
  44. Shariati, M., Safaei Faegh, S., Mehrabi, P., Bahavarnia, S., Zandi, Y., Masoom, D.R., Toghroli, A., Trung, N.T. and Salih, M.N. (2019), "Numerical study on the structural performance of corrugated low yield point steel plate shear walls with circular openings", Steel Compos. Struct., 33(4), 569-581. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2019.33.4.569.
  45. Shariati, M., Mafipour, M.S., Mehrabi, P., Bahadori, A., Zandi, Y., Salih, M.N.A., Nguyen, H., Dou, J., Song, X. and Poi-Ngian, S. (2019e), "Application of a hybrid artificial neural network-particle swarm optimization (ANN-PSO) model in behavior prediction of channel shear connectors embedded in normal and high-strength concrete", Appl. Sci., 9(24), 5534. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9245534.
  46. Shariati, M., Mafipour, M.S., Mehrabi, P., Zandi, Y., Dehghani, D., Bahadori, A., Shariati, A., Trung, N.T., Salih, M.N.A. and Poi-Ngian, S. (2019a), "Application of Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) and Genetic Programming (GP) to design steel-concrete composite floor systems at elevated temperatures", Steel Compos. Struct., 33(3), 319-332. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2019.33.3.319.
  47. Shariati, M., Rafiei, S., Zandi, Y., Fooladvand, R., Gharehaghaj, B., Shariat, A., Trung, N.T., Salih, M.N.A., Mehrabi, P. and Poi-Ngian, S. (2019b), "Experimental investigation on the effect of cementitious materials on fresh and mechanical properties of self-consolidating concrete", Adv. Concrete Construct., 8(3), 225-237. https://doi.org/10.12989/acc.2019.8.3.225.
  48. Shariati, M., Sulong, N.R., Shariati, A. and Khanouki, M.A. (2016a), "Behavior of V-shaped angle shear connectors: experimental and parametric study", Mater. Struct., 49(9), 3909-3926. https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-015-0762-8.
  49. Shariati, M., Sulong, N.R., Shariati, A. and Kueh, A.B.H. (2016b), "Comparative performance of channel and angle shear connectors in high strength concrete composites: An experimental study", Construct. Build. Mater., 120, 382-392. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.05.102.
  50. Shariati, M., Tahir, M.M., Wee, T.C., Shah, S.N.R., Jalali, A., Abdullahi, M.A.M. and Khorami, M. (2018), "Experimental investigations on monotonic and cyclic behavior of steel pallet rack connections", Eng. Fail. Anal., 85, 149-166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2017.08.014.
  51. Shariati, M., Trung, N.T., Wakil, K., Mehrabi, P., Safa, M. and Khorami, M. (2019d), "Moment-rotation estimation of steel rack connection using extreme learning machine", Steel Compos. Struct., 31(5), 427-435. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2019.31.5.427.
  52. Shi, X., Hassanzadeh-Aghdam, M.K. and Ansari, R. (2019a), "Viscoelastic analysis of silica nanoparticle-polymer nanocomposites", Compos. Part B Eng., 158, 169-178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2018.09.084.
  53. Shi, X., Jaryani, P., Amiri, A., Rahimi, A. and Malekshah, E.H. (2019b), "Heat transfer and nanofluid flow of free convection in a quarter cylinder channel considering nanoparticle shape effect", Powder Technol., 346, 160-170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2018.12.071.
  54. Sinaei, H., Shariati, M., Abna, A.H., Aghaei, M. and Shariati, A. (2012), "Evaluation of reinforced concrete beam behaviour using finite element analysis by ABAQUS", Sci. Res. Essays 7(21), 2002-2009. https://doi.org/10.5897/SRE11.1393.
  55. Suhatril, M., Osman, N., Sari, P.A., Shariati, M. and Marto, A. (2019), "Significance of surface eco-protection techniques for cohesive soils slope in Selangor, Malaysia", Geotech. Geol. Eng., 37(3), 2007-2014. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10706-018-0740-3.
  56. Taheri, E., Firouzianhaji, A., Usefi, N., Mehrabi, P., Ronagh, H. and Samali, B. (2019), "Investigation of a method for strengthening perforated cold-formed steel profiles under compression loads", Appl. Sci., 9(23), 5085. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9235085.
  57. Tahmasbi, F., Maleki, S., Shariati, M., Sulong, N.R. and Tahir, M.M. (2016), "Shear capacity of C-shaped and L-shaped angle shear connectors", PLoS One, 11(8), e0156989. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0156989.
  58. Toghroli, A. (2015), "Applications of the ANFIS and LR models in the prediction of shear connection in composite beams", Ph.D. Dissertation, The University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
  59. Toghroli, A., Mohammadhassani, M., Suhatril, M., Shariati, M. and Ibrahim, Z. (2014), "Prediction of shear capacity of channel shear connectors using the ANFIS model", Steel Compos. Struct., 17(5), 623-639. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/scs.2014.17.5.000.
  60. Toghroli, A., Shariati, M., Karim, M.R.B. and Ibrahim, Z. (2017), "Investigation on composite polymer and silica fume-rubber aggregate pervious concrete", Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Advances in Civil, Structural and Mechanical Engineering - CSM 2017, Zurich, Switzerland.
  61. Toghroli, A., Shariati, M., Sajedi, F., Ibrahim, Z., Koting, S., Mohamad, E.T. and Khorami, M. (2018), "A review on pavement porous concrete using recycled waste materials", Smart Struct. Syst., 22(4), 433-440. https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2018.22.4.433.
  62. Trung, N.T., Alemi, N., Haido, J.H., Shariati, M., Baradaran, S. and Yousif, S.T. (2019a), "Reduction of cement consumption by producing smart green concretes with natural zeolites", Smart Struct. Syst., 24(3), 415-425. https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2019.24.3.415.
  63. Trung, N.T., Shahgoli, A.F., Zandi, Y., Shariati, M., Wakil, K., Safa, M. and Khorami, M. (2019b), "Moment-rotation prediction of precast beam-to-column connections using extreme learning machine", Struct. Eng. Mech., 70(5), 639-647. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2019.70.5.639.
  64. Wei, X., Shariati, M., Zandi, Y., Pei, S., Jin, Z., Gharachurlu, S., Abdullahi, M.M., Abdullahi, M.M. and Khorami, M. (2018), "Distribution of shear force in perforated shear connectors", Steel Compos. Struct., 27(3), 389-399. http://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2018.27.3.389.
  65. Xie, Q., Sinaei, H., Shariati, M., Khorami, M., Mohamad, E.T. and Bui, D.T. (2019), "An experimental study on the effect of CFRP on behavior of reinforce concrete beam column connections", Steel Compos. Struct., 30(5), 433-441. http://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2019.30.5.433.
  66. Ziaei-Nia, A., Shariati, M. and Salehabadi, E. (2018a), "Dynamic mix design optimization of high-performance concrete", Steel Compos. Struct., 29(1), 67-75. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2018.29.1.067.

Cited by

  1. Elevated temperature resistance of concrete columns with axial loading vol.9, pp.4, 2019, https://doi.org/10.12989/acc.2020.9.4.355
  2. Computational analysis of three dimensional steel frame structures through different stiffening members vol.35, pp.2, 2019, https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2020.35.2.187
  3. Influence of porosity and cement grade on concrete mechanical properties vol.10, pp.5, 2019, https://doi.org/10.12989/acc.2020.10.5.393
  4. Prediction of total sediment load: A case study of Wadi Arbaat in eastern Sudan vol.26, pp.6, 2019, https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2020.26.6.781
  5. Smart estimation of automatic approach in enhancing the road safety under AASHTO Standard specification and STM vol.79, pp.3, 2021, https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2021.79.3.389
  6. Experimental study of reversal of multidrug resistance in human leukemia K562/DOX cells by toad venom vol.11, pp.2, 2019, https://doi.org/10.12989/anr.2021.11.2.219
  7. Application of multi-hybrid metaheuristic algorithm on prediction of split-tensile strength of shear connectors vol.28, pp.2, 2019, https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2021.28.2.167