Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science (한국산림과학회지)

Korean Society of Forest Science (한국산림과학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Analysis of Characteristics of Landslide Susceptibility in Rugged Mountain Range in the Korean National Park

산악형 국립공원지역의 산사태 발생과 취약지역 특성 분석

  • Lee, Sung-Jae (Seoul National University Forest) ;
  • Lee, Eun-Jai (Forest Technology and Management Research Center, National Institute of Forest) ;
  • Ma, Ho-Seop (Division of Environmental Forest Science, Gyeongsang National University (Institute of Agriculture of Life Science))
  • 이성재 (서울대학교 학술림) ;
  • 이은재 (국립산림과학원 산림기술경영연구소) ;
  • 마호섭 (경상대학교 환경산림과학부(농업생명과학연구원))
  • Received : 2019.06.25
  • Accepted : 2019.11.20
  • Published : 2019.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

In korea, debris-flow disasters are induced by typhoon and localized torrential rainfall annually. These disasters are particularly severe in the Korean national park due to its geomorphological characteristics. This study was conducted to analyze the landslide characteristics and forest environmental factors of landslide areas located in rugged mountain range in the Korean national park (Mt. Seorak, Mt. Jiri, and Mt. Sobaek). Overall, landslides occurred at 474 sites. The average area of the landslide scar among these sites was 1,212 ㎡. The average landslide sediment was 1,389 ㎥, average landslide length was 75 m, and the average width was 12.9 m. The landslides frequently occurred in regions with igneous rock and coniferous forest. In addition, slope gradient degree (31°-40°), slope gradient direction (N), vertical slope (concave), cross slope (concave), altitude (401-800 m), position (middle), stream order (first order), forest type (mixed), parent rock (igneous), and soil depth (<46 cm). The relationship between landslide soil volume and environmental factors showed positive correlation. The variables of vertical slope (complex), altitude (<1,201 m), and soil depth (<46 cm) correlated significantly at 1 % level.

우리나라에서는 매년 태풍 혹은 국지성 집중호우로 유발되는 산지토사재해로 인한 피해가 발생하고 있다. 특히, 국립공원 지역은 대부분 산악지로 이루어져 있고 지형의 경사가 가파르고 토심이 얕아 많은 피해가 발생하고 있다. 본 연구는 산악형 국립공원(설악산, 소백산, 지리산)지역에서 발생한 산사태 발생지 446개소를 대상지로 선정하여 다양한 산림환경 인자별로 조사하고 산사태발생지 특성을 분석하였다. 산사태 발생 평균면적, 평균 침식량, 평균 길이, 폭은 각각 1,212 ㎡, 1,389 ㎥, 75 m, 12.9 m로 나타났다. 산림환경 인자가 산사태 발생 빈도에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과, 사면경사도 (31~40°), 사면방위 N(북사면), 종단·횡단사면 오목(凹), 표고(401~800 m), 사면위치 산복, 하천차수 1차, 임상 혼효림, 모암 화강암, 토심 (46 cm 이상)에서 발생빈도가 높은 것으로 조사되었다. 산사태가 발생한 피해지에서의 침식량과 산림환경 인자와의 상관관계를 분석한 결과는, 종단사면(복합), 표고(1,201 m 이상), 토심(46 cm 이상)에서 1% 수준 내에서 정의상관관계를 보였다.

Keywords

References

  1. Cha, A.R. and Kim, T.H. 2017. Detection and application of geomorphological features affecting the landslide. Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society 17(5): 157-162.
  2. Cho, Y.C. and Chang, T.W. 2006. The geometric characteristics of landslides and foint characteristics in gangneung area. The Journal of Engineering Geology of Korea 16(4): 437-453.
  3. Choi, K. 1986. Landslides occurrence and its prediction in Korea. Doctor of Philosophy Dissertation kangwon National University. Korea. pp. 45.
  4. Dyrness, C.T. 1967. Mass soil movements in the HJ. Andrews experimental forest. Pacific northwest forest and range experiment station U.S. Department of Agriculture U.S. Forest Service Research Paper PNW 42: 1-14.
  5. Dai, F. C., Lee, C. F., Li, J. and Xu, Z. W., (2001), Assessment of landslide susceptibility on the natural terrain of Lantau Island, Hong Kong. Environmental Geology 40(2): 381-391. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002540000163
  6. European Community Program (EPOCH). 1993. Temporal occurrence and forecasting of landslides in the european Community. Contract No. 900025.
  7. Hutchinson, J.N. 1988. Morphological and geotechnical parameters of landslides in relation to geology and hydrology, In Landslides Proc. 5th Int. Symp. on Landslides. Balkema, Rotterdam, pp. 3-35.
  8. Ikeya, H. 1989. Debris flow and its countermeasures in Japan, Bull. of the IAEG. 40(1): 15-33.
  9. Jung, Y.D. 2018. A study on the development of mountainous disaster management system in recreation forest. Doctor of Philosophy Dissertation Gyeongsang National University Korea. pp. 2-4.
  10. Jung, K.W. 2010. Studies on the causal characteristics of landslide and the development of hazard prediction map for landslide in Gyeongsangbuk-Do Province, Korea Doctor of Philosophy Dissertation Kyungpook National University. Korea. pp. 1-4.
  11. Kang, W.P., Ma, H.S. and Jeong, M.G. 1988. Studies on the landslides caused by typhoon No. 875 in Gyeongsangnam - do Distiricts. Journal Korean Forestry Society 77: 276-282
  12. Kim, K.S., Kim, W.Y., Chae, B.G., Song, Y.S. and Cho, Y.C. 2005. Engineering geological analysis of landslides on natural slopes induced by rainfall. The Journal of Engineering Geology 15(2): 105-212.
  13. Kim, W.Y., Chae, B.G., Kim, K.S., Ki, W.S., Cho, Y.C., Chio, Y.S., Lee, S.R. and Lee, B.J. 2000. Prediction and mitigation of landslide hazards. KR-00(T)-09. pp. 124.
  14. Kim, W.Y., Lee, S.R., Kim, K.S. and Chae, B.G. 1998. Landslide types and susceptibilities related to geomorphic characteristics(Yeonchon, Chulwon area). The Journal of Engineering Geology 8(2): 115-130.
  15. Kim, S.W., Chun, K.W., Kim, J.H., Kim, M.S. and Kim, M.S. 2012. Characteristics of heavy rainfall for landslidetriggering in 2011. Journal of Korean Forestry Society 101(1): 28-35.
  16. Kwon, H.J., Lee, C.W., Woo, C.S., Kim, D.Y., Youn, H.J. and Park, S.J. 2015. A status of landslide damage in mountainous national park of korea using temporal spatial images. Journal of the korea Society of Hazard Mitigation. 15(5): 97-102. https://doi.org/10.9798/KOSHAM.2015.15.5.97
  17. Lee, C.W., Kim, G.H., Yung, C.Y., Ryu, H.J. and Hong, S.J. 2012. Development of landslide-risk prediction model thorough database construction. Korean Geotechnical Society 4: 23-33.
  18. Lee, S.J. 2014. Development of prediction technique of landslide using forest environmental factors. Doctor of Philosophy Dissertation Gyeongsang National University. korea. pp. 1-11.
  19. Lee, S.J. and Ma, H.S. 2018. Development of prediction technique of landslide using forest environmental factors. Journal of Agriculture & Life Sciences 52(4): 63-72.
  20. Lee, S.J. and Ma, H.S. 2019. Analysis of landslide characteristics of the central regions in Korea. Journal of Agriculture & Life Sciences 53(1): 61-72.
  21. Lee, S.J. and Ma, H.S. 2019. Development of prediction technique of landslide hazard of central regions in Korea. Journal of Agriculture & Life Sciences 53(3): 7-16.
  22. Lee, S.J., Lee, E.J. and Ma, H.S. 2019. Analysis of characteristics of forest environmental factors of debris flow in Jeollabuk-do, korea. Journal of Agriculture & Life Sciences 53(5): 63-74.
  23. Ma, H.S. 1994. Studies on development of prediction model of landslide hazard and its utilization. Journal of Korean Forestry Society 83(2): 175-190.
  24. Ma, H.S. and Jeong, W.O. 2007. Analysis of landslides characteristics in korean national parks. Journal of Korean Forestry Society 6: 611-619.
  25. Ma, H.S., Jeong, W.O. and Park, J.W. 2008. Development of technique of landslide azard area in korea national parks. Journal of Korean Forestry Society 97(3): 326-331.
  26. Ma, H.S. and Jeong, W.O. 2010. Characteristics analysis of debris flow disaster in korean national parks. The Korea Society For Environmental Restoration And Revegetation Technology 13(4): 52-64.
  27. Ma, H.S., Kang, W.S. and Lee, S.J. 2014. Prediction and evaluation of landslide hazard based on regional forest environment. Journal of Korean Forestry Society 103(2): 233-239. https://doi.org/10.14578/jkfs.2014.103.2.233
  28. Ma, H.S. and Lee, S.J. 2018. Analysis of debris flow characteristics in Bongwha area Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea. Journal of Agriculture & Life Sciences 52(1): 1-11.
  29. Park, C.M., Ma, H.S., Kang, W.S., Oh, K.Y., Park, S.H. and Lee, S.J. 2010. Analysis of landslide characteristics in Jeonlabuk-do, Korea. Journal of Agriculture & Life Sciences 44(4): 9-21.
  30. Park, J.H., Lee, C.W., Kang, M.J. and Kim, K.D. 2015. Analysis of characteristics of forest environmental factors on land creeping occurrence. Journal of Agriculture & Life Sciences 49(5): 133-144.
  31. Shin, H.W. and Lee, S.G. 2018. Comparison of landslide susceptibility analysis considering the characteristics of landslide trigger points. Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying 36(2): 59-68.
  32. Strahler, A.N. 1952. Hypsometric (area-altitude) analysis of erosional topology, Bulletin of the Geological Society of America 63: 1117-1142. https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1952)63[1117:HAAOET]2.0.CO;2
  33. Woo, C.S., Youn, H.J., Lee, C.W. and Jeong, Y.H. 2008. Estimation of the moving soil volume of debris flow using aerial Lidar data. Korean Forestry Society. pp. 327-328.
  34. Varnes, D.J. 1978. Slope movement types and processes, in landslides analysis and control, TRB special Report, 176. National Academy of Science. pp. 11-33.