한국어류학회지 (Korean Journal of Ichthyology)

  • 제31권4호
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  • Pages.222-234
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  • 2019
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  • 1225-8598(pISSN)
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  • 2288-3371(eISSN)
한국어류학회 (The Ichthyological Society of Korea)
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속리산국립공원 화양천의 어류군집 특성 및 멸종위기종 가는돌고기 Pseudopungtungia tenuicorpa와 묵납자루 Acheilognathus signifer의 서식양상

Fish Community Characteristics and Habitat Aspects of Endangered Species Pseudopungtungia tenuicorpa and Acheilognathus signifer in the Hwayangcheon Stream, Hangang River of Songnisan National Park, Korea

  • 투고 : 2019.11.29
  • 심사 : 2019.12.24
  • 발행 : 2019.12.31
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초록

속리산국립공원 화양천의 어류군집과 멸종위기종 가는돌고기 Pseudopungtungia tenuicorpa와 묵납자루 Acheilognathus signifer의 서식현황을 밝히기 위해 2018년 4월부터 10월까지 조사를 실시하였다. 조사기간 동안 11개 지점에서 족대와 투망을 사용하여 채집한 어류는 8과 29종이었다. 우점종은 참갈겨니 Zacco koreanus (38.81%), 아우점종은 버들치 Rhynchocypris oxycephalus (16.64%), 그 다음으로 피라미 Z. platypus (14.28%)와 돌고기 Pungtungia herzi (6.92%), 참마자 Hemibarbus longirostris (4.52%), 모래무지 Pseudogobio esocinus (3.51%), 묵납자루(2.31%), 가는돌고기(1.90%) 등의 순으로 우세하였다. 한국고유종은 18종(62.1%)이 출현하였고, 환경부지정 멸종위기 야생생물은 II급의 묵납자루와 가는돌고기, 돌상어 Gobiobotia brevibarba 3종이 채집되었다. 상류에서 하류로 갈수록 대체적으로 우점도는 낮아지고 종수와 개체수, 다양도, 풍부도는 높아지는 경향을 보였고, 하천건강성은 좋음(St. 1~8) 또는 매우좋음(St. 9~11)으로 평가되었다. 군집구조는 상류(St. 1~2, 4~5)와 중·상류(St. 3, 6), 중류(St. 7~9), 하류(St. 10~11)로 구분되었다. 화양천에 서식하는 멸종위기종 가는돌고기는 주로 하류부(St. 10~11)의 암반과 큰돌에 집단으로 서식하고 있었고, 산란기인 4월을 기준으로 전장 44~61 mm는 만 1년생, 전장 66~81 mm는 만 2년생, 전장 88~99 mm는 만 3년생, 전장 104~107 mm는 만 4년생 이상으로 추정되었다. 또한 멸종위기종 묵납자루는 중·하류(St. 7~11)의 유속이 느리고 하상이 큰돌과 돌, 모래이며 수생식물이 서식하고 있는 곳에 서식하였으며, 연령은 산란기인 4월을 기준으로 전장 30~43 mm는 만 1년생, 전장 48~58 mm는 만 2년생, 전장 62~77 mm는 만 3년생, 전장 84~100 mm는 만 4년생 이상으로 추정되었으며, 성비는 암컷 47개체, 수컷 42개체가 채집되어 1 : 0.89였다.

Fish community characteristics and habitat aspects of endangered species, Pseudopungtungia tenuicorpa and Acheilognathus signifer were investigated in the Hwayangcheon Stream of Songnisan National Park, a tributary of the Hangang River, Korea from April to October 2018. During this period, there were 29 species of 8 families collected from 11 survey stations using kick nets, cast nets long bag set nets. The dominant and subdominant species were Zacco koreanus (38.81%) and Rhynchocypris oxycephalus (16.64%), respectively. The next most abundant species were Z. platypus (14.28%), Pungtungia herzi (6.92%), Hemibarbus longirostris (4.52%), Pseudogobio esocinus (3.51%), A. signifer (2.31%) and P. tenuicorpa (1.90%). Among the fish collected, 18 species (62.1%) were Korean endemic species. Endangered species were A. signifer, P. tenuicorpa and Gobiobotia brevibarba. From upstream to downstream, the dominance index has gradually decreased, but number of species and individuals, diversity and evenness has gradually increased. Also, river health (index of biological integrity) is assessed as good (St. 1~8) and very good (St. 9~11). Fish communities were divided into four sections by the similarity index based on species and their numbers, i.e., upper section (St. 1~2, 4~5), upper-middle section (St. 3, 6), middle section (St. 7~9) and lower section (St. 10~11). Endangered species, Pseudopungtungia tenuicorpa inhabited in mostly lower section (St. 10~11) with rock and boulder bottoms, and age groups in April estimated from total length indicated that the 44~61 mm group is 1 year old, the 66~81 mm group is 2 years old, the 88~99 mm group is 3 years old, and the 104~107 mm group is more than 4 years old. Also, endangered species, A. signifer inhabited in middle-lower section (St. 7~11) with boulder and cobble bottoms and slow velocity, which the place inhabited by water plants. Meanwhile, their age structure in April estimated from total length indicated that the 30~43 mm group is 1 year old, the 48~58 mm group is 2 years old, the 62~77 mm group is 3 years old, and the 84~100 mm group is more than 4 years old. The sex ratio of female (47) to male (42) was 1 : 0.89.

키워드

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