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Construction of 3D Spatial Information of Vertical Structure by Combining UAS and Terrestrial LiDAR

UAS와 지상 LiDAR 조합에 의한 수직 구조물의 3차원 공간정보 구축

  • Kang, Joon-Oh (Department of Urban Engineering, Incheon National University) ;
  • Lee, Yong-Chang (Department of Urban Engineering, Incheon National University)
  • 강준오 (인천대학교 도시공학과) ;
  • 이용창 (인천대학교 도시공학과)
  • Received : 2019.10.02
  • Accepted : 2019.12.07
  • Published : 2019.12.10

Abstract

Recently, as a part of the production of spatial information by smart cities, three-dimensional reproduction of structures for reverse engineering has been attracting attention. In particular, terrestrial LiDAR is mainly used for 3D reproduction of structures, and 3D reproduction research by UAS has been actively conducted. However, both technologies produce blind spots due to the shooting angle. This study deals with vertical structures. 3D model implemented through SfM-based image analysis technology using UAS and reproducibility and effectiveness of 3D models by terrestrial LiDAR-based laser scanning are examined. In addition, two 3D models are merged and reviewed to complement the blind spot. For this purpose, UAS based image is acquired for artificial rock wall, VCP and check point are set through GNSS equipment and total station, and 3D model of structure is reproduced by using SfM based image analysis technology. In addition, Through 3D LiDAR scanning, the 3D point cloud of the structure was acquired, and the accuracy of reproduction and completeness of the 3D model based on the checkpoint were compared and reviewed with the UAS-based image analysis results. In particular, accuracy and realistic reproducibility were verified through a combination of point cloud constructed from UAS and terrestrial LiDAR. The results show that UAS - based image analysis is superior in accuracy and 3D model completeness and It is confirmed that accuracy improves with the combination of two methods. As a result of this study, it is expected that UAS and terrestrial LiDAR laser scanning combination can complement and reproduce precise three-dimensional model of vertical structure, so it can be effectively used for spatial information construction, safety diagnosis and maintenance management.

최근 스마트 시티에 의한 공간정보 제작의 일환으로 역설계를 위한 구조물의 3차원 재현이 주목받고 있다. 특히, 구조물 3차원 재현에 지상 LiDAR가 주로 사용되며 UAS에 의한 3차원 재현 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 다만, 두 기술 모두 촬영각에 의한 사각지대가 발생한다. 본 연구는 수직구조물을 대상으로 UAS를 활용한 SfM기반 영상해석 기술을 통해 구현된 3D 모델과 지상 LiDAR 기반의 레이저 스캐닝에 의한 3D 모델간의 재현성 및 효용성을 검토하고 사각지대 보완을 위해 2가지 3D 모델을 조합 검토한다. 이를 위해 인공암벽을 대상으로 UAS 기반 영상을 취득하고 GNSS 장비와 토탈 스테이션을 통해 수직면 기준점(VCP) 및 점검점을 설정, SfM 기반 영상해석 기술을 활용하여 구조물의 3D 모델을 재현한다. 또한, 지상 LiDAR 스캐닝을 통해 구조물의 3D 측점 군을 취득하고 점검점을 기준으로 재현의 정확도와 3D 모델의 완성도를 UAS 기반 영상해석결과와 비교·검토하였다. 특히, UAS 및 지상 LiDAR로부터 구축한 측점 군의 조합을 통해 정확도와 실감 재현도를 확인하였다. 연구결과, 정확도 및 3D 모델 완성도에서 UAS 기반 영상해석이 우수하였고, 두 방법의 측점 군 조합으로 정확도가 향상됨을 확인하였다. UAS 및 지상 LiDAR 레이저 스캐닝 조합방법으로 수직구조물 대상 정밀 3차원 모델의 사각지대 보완·재현이 가능하므로 공간정보 구축, 안전진단 및 유지보수 관리에 효율적인 사용이 기대된다.

Keywords

References

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