Journal of Music and Human Behavior (인간행동과 음악연구)

Korean Music Therapy Education Association (한국음악치료교육학회)
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Therapeutic Rationale for Music Therapy Interventions With Older Adults: An Analysis of the Literature

국내 노인 대상 음악중재연구 내 치료 논거 세부 분석

  • 김지현 (아트기버 사회적 협동조합)
  • Received : 2019.09.10
  • Accepted : 2019.11.19
  • Published : 2019.11.30
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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to review the literature on music interventions with older adults and to analyze the rationale for the type of intervention and type of music selected. A search of KCI journals for research including older adults and music-based interventions identified 33 published articles, and 23 of these studies met the criteria for inclusion in this analysis. Included studies were analyzed in terms of the contents of the interventions and the appropriateness of the rationale reported for selecting the intervention and music. Each study was analyzed in terms of the relevance of the reported rationale to target goals and the characteristics of the study participants. The results showed that many of the included studies incorporated a variety of activities but failed to include a valid rationale for using those activities to achieve the target goals. Also, many of the studies tended to select music based on participants' preferences or perceived familiarity without thorough consideration of the therapeutic function of music in the given intervention. This study presents how music therapy interventions with older adults have been conducted without sufficient attention to the selection of the intervention and presented music. There remains a need to delineate which intervention and music characteristics should be utilized to obtain particular outcomes with specific populations.

본 연구에서는 노인 대상 음악중재연구의 내용 구성과 음악사용에 대한 근거를 확인하여 향후 연구에 필요한 자료와 개선 방향을 제시하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 국내 노인 대상 음악중재연구의 전반적 특성, 중재내용의 특징, 치료 논거 기술 특징 및 적절성 등으로 구분된 기준을 통해 연구 자료를 세부적으로 분석하였다. 국내 KCI등재(후보)학술지 게재논문 33편이 1차 분석 대상으로 선정되었고, 이 중 연구자가 설정한 기준에 따라 23편을 선정하여 2차 분석을 시행하였으며, 최종적으로 5편을 선별하여 기술된 치료 논거의 적절성과 특징을 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 논거 기술에 대상자의 진단적 특성이 고려되지 않았거나 두 가지 이상의 음악 활동이 복합적으로 진행되어 중재의 목표가 분명하게 제시되기 어려운 연구들이 많았다. 또한 음악의 선곡 기준이 목표활동에 대한 음악 요소의 사용논거보다는 대상자의 선호도나 친숙도를 근거로 하고 있음을 확인하였다. 이와 같은 사실은 노인 대상 음악중재연구 시 중재기술의 구체성과 이를 뒷받침하는 치료적, 음악적 논거가 보완되어야 하고 중재 목표에 따른 타당한 이론적 근거의 필요성을 시사하는 결과로 볼 수 있다. 본 연구는 국내 노인 대상 음악중재연구의 치료적 논거를 세부적으로 분석하여 중재의 임상적 자료를 제공하고, 추후 연구에 요구되는 연구의 방향과 개선 방안을 제시하는 데 의의가 있다.

Keywords

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