Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture (한국환경농학회지)

The Korean Society of Environmental Agriculture (한국환경농학회)
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Occurrence of Pesticide Residues in Han River Basin in 2012 and 2014

2012, 2014년 한강수계 하천수 중 잔류농약 검출 양상

  • Kim, Chan-Sub (Agro-material Assessment Division, Department of Agro-food Safety & Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Lee, Hee-Dong (Agro-material Assessment Division, Department of Agro-food Safety & Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Son, Kyeong-Ae (Agro-material Assessment Division, Department of Agro-food Safety & Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Lee, Eun-Young (Agro-material Assessment Division, Department of Agro-food Safety & Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Oh, Jin-A (Agro-material Assessment Division, Department of Agro-food Safety & Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration)
  • 김찬섭 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농산물안전성부 농자재평가과) ;
  • 이희동 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농산물안전성부 농자재평가과) ;
  • 손경애 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농산물안전성부 농자재평가과) ;
  • 이은영 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농산물안전성부 농자재평가과) ;
  • 오진아 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농산물안전성부 농자재평가과)
  • Received : 2019.10.23
  • Accepted : 2019.11.21
  • Published : 2019.12.31
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: To investigate distribution and seasonal variation of concentration and flux of pesticides in Han river basin, water samples were examined at 24 sites in 2012 and 2014. METHODS AND RESULTS: Water samples were collected four times per year and subjected to liquid-liquid partition extraction followed by GC-ECD/NPD analysis. Of fifteen pesticides detected, iprobenfos, diazinon, isoprothiolane, endosulfan sulfate and oxadiazon were detected in a higher frequency, while fenoxanil, carbofuran, fenitrothion, butachlor and metolachlor were only detected in a sample. Pesticides with high occurrences, iprobenfos, diazinon, isoprothiolane, endosulfan sulfate and oxadiazon were detected in residue level of 0.01-0.46, 0.01-0.24, 0.03-0.85, 0.02-0.06 and 0.05-0.24 ㎍/L, respectively. Carbofuran and acetanilide herbicides were found at lower frequencies, but their concentrations were one order of magnitude higher than those of the others. CONCLUSION: Discharge of pesticides in downstream area were mainly contributed from rice farming and suburban horticulture, while pesticide occurrences in upstream area, such as Donggang river basin were caused by highland agriculture for cabbage and potato production. Despite the influx of pesticides from tributaries through intensive agriculture areas, pesticide concentration in the main stream water was low due to the dilution effect from the upstream. Therefore, the water quality was considered to be good at the most downstream, the effluent of Paldang dam.

우리나라에서 유역면적이 가장 큰 한강수계를 대상으로 충주댐 상류지역까지 시료채취 지점을 확대하여 지천과 본류 유역별 유입 기여도를 평가하고 일별 수문자료를 입수하여 시기별 잔류농약의 유출량의 계량화를 시도하였다. 채수장소는 남한강수계 19, 북한강수계 3, 경안천 1 및 팔당댐 아래로 모두 24지점이었는데, 남한강수계 채수지점은 본류의 충주댐 상류 3개소, 하류 3개소와 지천으로는 동강과 서강, 달천, 섬강 등 13개소였다. 시료채취는 2012년과 2014년에 4회씩 실시하였고 대상농약은 하천 농약잔류량 조사 시에 국내에서 검출된 바 있는 성분들을 포함하여 174 성분이었다. 밭농사용 농약으로는 diazinon, cadusafos, alachlor, metolachlor 및 dithiopyr 등이 검출되었고, 사용이 금지된 endosulfan sulfate도 검출되었다. Endosulfan sulfate의 검출은 주로 남한강 상류지역의 고랭지 경사지의 유출 때문이었고, diazinon의 경우는 고랭지 채소재배지 토양살충과 하류지역의 다양한 농업활동에 의한 것이라고 판단되었는데, 강우에 의하여 유출 농도와 양이 영향을 받는다고 사료되었다. 벼 재배용 농약은달천, 섬강을 포함하여 주로 하류지역에서 검출되었다. 검출된 농약은 살균제인 iprobenfos와 isoprothiolane, hexaconazole, 살충제 carbofuran, 제초제 oxadiazon이었는데 벼농사용 농약의 수계유출은 강우에 의한 것뿐 아니라 배수와 누수 등에 의해 재배기간 중에는 지속적으로 일어나는 것으로 판단되었다.

Keywords

References

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