KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)

Korean Society for Internet Information (한국인터넷정보학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Novel Robust High Dynamic Range Image Watermarking Algorithm Against Tone Mapping

  • Bai, Yongqiang (Faculty of Information Science and Engineering, Ningbo University) ;
  • Jiang, Gangyi (Faculty of Information Science and Engineering, Ningbo University) ;
  • Jiang, Hao (Faculty of Information Science and Engineering, Ningbo University) ;
  • Yu, Mei (Faculty of Information Science and Engineering, Ningbo University) ;
  • Chen, Fen (Faculty of Information Science and Engineering, Ningbo University) ;
  • Zhu, Zhongjie (Ningbo Key Lab. of DSP, Zhejiang Wanli University)
  • Received : 2017.03.21
  • Accepted : 2018.04.06
  • Published : 2018.09.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

High dynamic range (HDR) images are becoming pervasive due to capturing or rendering of a wider range of luminance, but their special display equipment is difficult to be popularized because of high cost and technological problem. Thus, HDR images must be adapted to the conventional display devices by applying tone mapping (TM) operation, which puts forward higher requirements for intellectual property protection of HDR images. As the robustness presents regional diversity in the low dynamic range (LDR) watermarked image after TM, which is different from the traditional watermarking technologies, a concept of watermarking activity is defined and used to distinguish the essential distinction of watermarking between LDR image and HDR image in this paper. Then, a novel robust HDR image watermarking algorithm is proposed against TM operations. Firstly, based on the hybrid processing of redundant discrete wavelet transform and singular value decomposition, the watermark is embedded by modifying the structure information of the HDR image. Distinguished from LDR image watermarking, the high embedding strength can cause more obvious distortion in the high brightness regions of HDR image than the low brightness regions. Thus, a perceptual brightness mask with low complexity is designed to improve the imperceptibility further. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is robust to the existing TM operations, with taking into account the imperceptibility and embedded capacity, which is superior to the current state-of-art HDR image watermarking algorithms.

Keywords

References

  1. R. K. Mantiuk, K. Myszkowski and H. P. Seidel, "High dynamic range imaging," Wiley Encyclopedia of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, New York, 2016.
  2. F. Dufaux, P. Le Callet, R. Mantiuk and M. Mrak, "High dynamic range video: from acquisition to display and applications," 1st Edition, Academic Press, Salt Lake City, 2016.
  3. Y. Li, C. Lee and V. Monga, "A maximum a posteriori estimation framework for robust high dynamic range video synthesis," IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, vol.26, no.3, pp. 1143-1157, March, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIP.2016.2642790
  4. P. Sen and C. Aguerrebere. "Practical high dynamic range imaging of everyday scenes: photographing the world as we see it with our own eyes," IEEE Signal Process Magazine, vol.33, no.5, pp. 36-44, September, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1109/MSP.2016.2581848
  5. F. Banterle, HDR Toolbox for Matlab, Version: 1.1.0 [Online]. 2016.
  6. P. Campisi, E. Maiorana, K. Debattista and A. Chalmers, "High dynamic range media watermarking issues and challenges," in Proc. of EUSIPCO 2013 : European Signal Processing Conference, pp. 1-5, September 9-13, 2013.
  7. C. Yu, K. Wu and C. Wang, "A distortion-free data hiding scheme for high dynamic range images," Displays, vol.32, no.5, pp. 225-236, February, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.displa.2011.02.004
  8. Z. Wang, C. Chang, T. Lin and C. Lin, "A novel distortion-free data hiding scheme for high dynamic range images," in Proc. of International Conference on Digital Home, pp. 33-38, November 23-25, 2012.
  9. C. Chang, T. S. Nguyen and C. Lin, "Distortion-free data embedding scheme for high dynamic range images," Journal of Electronic Science and Technology of China, vol.11, no.1, pp. 20-26, August, 2013. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-862X.2013.01.005
  10. C. Chang, T. S. Nguyen and C. Lin, "A new distortion-free data embedding scheme for high-dynamic range images," Multimedia Tools and Applications, vol. 75, no.1, pp. 145-163, January, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-014-2279-5
  11. Y. Cheng and C. Wang, "A novel approach to steganography in high dynamic range images," IEEE Multimedia, vol.16, no.3, pp. 70-80, September, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1109/MMUL.2009.43
  12. M. Li, N. Huang and C. Wang, "A data hiding scheme for HDR images," International Journal of Innovative Computing Information and Control, vol.7, no.5(A), pp. 2021-2035, May, 2011.
  13. Y. Lin, C. Wang, W. Chen, F. Lin and W. Lin, "A novel data hiding algorithm for high dynamic range images," IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, vol.19, no.1, pp. 196-211, January, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMM.2016.2605499
  14. F. Guerrini, M. Okuda, N. Adami and R. Leonardi, "High dynamic range image watermarking robust against tone-mapping operators," IEEE Transactions Information Forensics and Security, vol.6, no.2, pp. 283-295, June, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIFS.2011.2109383
  15. X. Xue, T. Jinno, X. Jin, M. Okuda and S. Goto, "Watermarking for HDR image robust to tone mapping," IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics Communications and Computer Sciences, vol.94-A, no.11, pp. 2334-2341, November, 2011.
  16. E. Maiorana, V. Solachidis, P. Campisi and Y. Lou, "Robust multi-bit watermarking for HDR images in the Radon-DCT domain," in Proc. of International Symposium on Image and Signal Processing and Analysis, pp. 284-289, September 4-6, 2013.
  17. V. Solachidis, E. Maiorana and P. Campisi, "HDR image multi-bit watermarking using bilateral-filtering-based masking," in Proc. of SPIE 8655, Image Processing: Algorithms and Systems XI, February 19, 2013.
  18. V. Solachidis, E. Maiorana, P. Campisi and F. Banterle, "HDR image watermarking based on bracketing decomposition," in Proc. of International Conference on Digital Signal Processing, pp. 1-6, July 1-3, 2013.
  19. J. Wu, "Robust watermarking framework for high dynamic range images against tone-mapping attacks," In book: Watermarking, InTech, vol. 2, pp. 229-242, May, 2012.
  20. E. Reinhard, W. Heidrich, P. Debevec, S. Pattanaik, G. Ward and K. Myszkowski, "High dynamic range imaging: acquisition, display and image-based lighting," 2nd Edition, Academic Press 2010, Salt Lake City, 2010.
  21. F. Banterle, A. Artusi, K. Debattista and A. Chalmers, "Advanced high dynamic range imaging: theory and practice," Natick: CRC Press, Boca Raton, 2011.
  22. A.O. Akyuz, R. Fleming, B.E. Riecke, E.Reinhard and H.H. Bulthoff, "Do HDR displays support LDR content ?: a psychophysical evaluation," ACM Transactions on Graphics, vol.26, no.3, article no.38, July, 2007.
  23. P. Ledda, A. Chalmers, T. Troscianko and H. Seetzen, "Evaluation of tone mapping operators using a high dynamic range display," ACM Transactions on Graphics, vol.24, no.3, pp. 640-648, July, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1145/1073204.1073242
  24. M. Cakik, M. Wimmer, L. Neumann and A. Artusi, "Evaluation of HDR tone mapping methods using essential perceptual attributes," Computers & Graphics, vol.32, no.3, pp. 330-349, June, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cag.2008.04.003
  25. Y. Zhang, C. Wang, X. Wang and M. Wang, "Feature-Based Image Watermarking Algorithm Using SVD and APBT for Copyright Protection," Future Internet, vol.9, no.2, article no.13, April, 2017.
  26. C.C Lai, "An improved SVD-based watermarking scheme using human visual characteristics," Optics Communications, vol. 284, no. 4, pp. 938-944, February, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2010.10.047
  27. N. M. Makbol, B. E. Khoo1 and T. H. Rassem, "Block-based discrete wavelet transform-singular value decomposition image watermarking scheme using human visual system characteristics," IET Image Process, vol. 10, no.1, pp. 34-52, January, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-ipr.2014.0965
  28. Q. Su, Y. Niu, Y. Zhao, S. Pang and X. Liu, "A dual color images watermarking scheme based on the optimized compensation of singular value decomposition," AEU-International Journal of Electronics and Communications, vol.67, pp. 652-664, August, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeue.2013.01.009
  29. M. Narwaria, R.K. Mantiuk, M.P.D. Silva and P.L. Callet. "HDR-VDP-2.2: a calibrated method for objective quality prediction of high dynamic range and standard images," Journal of Electronic Imaging, vol.24, no.1, article no.010501, January, 2015.
  30. T. Pouli, A. Artusi, F. Banterle, H. Seidel and E. Reinhard, "Color correction for tone reproduction," in Proc. of 21st Color and Imaging Conference, pp. 215-220, November 4-8, 2013.
  31. Anyhere Software Database [Online].
  32. Image Gallery [Online].
  33. P. Hanhart, M.V. Bernardo, M. Pereira, A. M. G. Pinheiro and T. Ebrahimi, "Benchmarking of objective quality metrics for HDR image quality assessment," EURASIP Journal on Image and Video Processing, vol.2015, article no.39, December, 2015.