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Design and Prototyping of Lifting Devices for Manhole Cover using Structural Analysis and 3D Printing

3D 프린팅과 구조해석을 이용한 맨홀의 부양장치 설계 및 제작

  • Lee, Hyoungwook (Department of Automotive Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation)
  • 이형욱 (한국교통대학교 자동차공학과)
  • Received : 2018.07.24
  • Accepted : 2018.10.05
  • Published : 2018.10.31

Abstract

In order to maintain manholes installed on the road, the manhole should be easy to open and close. Manhole covers under harsh conditions require that they can be lifted when attempting to open the manhole because the frame and cover are stuck and difficult to open and close. In this study, the design of a lifting mechanism was carried out to improve and integrate the locking type manhole. The mechanism of the locking manhole is that when the bolt located at the center is turned, the hub connected with the bolt descends, and the hook connected to the hub is rotated. The end of the hook is hooked to the manhole frame. The auxiliary device was installed on the hook so that the manhole cover can be lifted. The structure was designed to endure about 300kg of lifting force based on 70% of the yield stress of the hook to perform lifting function. The shape design was performed through the structural analysis using the finite element method. First, the basic design was performed with the simplified 2-dimensional model and the attachment position and shape were designed through the 3-dimensional model. In order to find out the structural problems of the designed shape, the scale downed model was fabricated through 3D printing and confirmed that the lifting function worked. Finally, it was confirmed that both the locking and the average lifting of about 6.1 mm can be done by applying the lifting mechanism through the machining and applying it to the existing locking manhole.

본 노면에 설치되어있는 맨홀의 지속적인 관리를 위해서는 맨홀의 개폐가 쉬워야 한다. 가혹한 조건하에 있는 맨홀은 틀과 커버가 고착되어 개폐가 어렵기 때문에 맨홀을 열 때 부양이 가능한 맨홀이 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 잠금식 맨홀을 부양식 맨홀로 개선하기 위한 부양 기구의 설계를 진행하였다. 잠금식 맨홀의 기구는 중앙에 위치한 볼트를 돌리면 볼트와 연결된 허브가 하강하고, 허브와 연결되어 있는 후크를 회전시키게 된다. 후크의 끝단이 맨홀 틀에 걸리도록 되어있다. 본 연구에서는 맨홀의 부양이 가능하도록 후크에 보조장치를 설치하도록 하였다. 부양 기능을 수행할 후크의 항복응력의 70%를 기준으로 약 300kg의 부양력을 지지할 수 있도록 구조를 설계하였다. 유한요소법을 이용한 구조해석을 통하여 형상 설계를 수행하였다. 우선 단순화된 2차원 모델로 1차 기초설계를 수행하고, 3차원 모델을 통하여 부착위치와 형상을 설계하였다. 설계된 형상에 대하여 구조적 문제점을 찾아보기 위하여 3D 프린팅을 통하여 축소 모델을 출력하였고, 기능이 작동함을 확인하였다. 최종적으로 가공을 통하여 부양 기구를 제작하여 기존의 잠금식 맨홀에 적용한 결과 평균 6.1 mm 정도의 부양이 가능함을 확인하였다.

Keywords

References

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