한국ITS학회 논문지 (The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems)

  • 제17권5호
  • /
  • Pages.1-13
  • /
  • 2018
  • /
  • 1738-0774(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2384-1729(eISSN)
한국ITS학회 (The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

퍼스널 모빌리티(Personal Mobility)의 주행안전성 평가지표 연구

A Study on Driving Safety Evaluation Criteria of Personal Mobility

  • 박범진 (한국건설기술연구원 미래융합연구본부) ;
  • 노창균 (한국건설기술연구원 미래융합연구본부) ;
  • 김지수 (한국건설기술연구원 미래융합연구본부)
  • Park, Bumjin (Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, Department of Future Technology and convergence) ;
  • Roh, Chang-gyun (Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, Department of Future Technology and convergence) ;
  • Kim, Jisoo (Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, Department of Future Technology and convergence)
  • 투고 : 2018.10.11
  • 심사 : 2018.10.22
  • 발행 : 2018.10.31
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

세그웨이를 시작으로 다양한 형태의 퍼스널 모빌리티(PM)가 판매 및 이용되고 있다. PM이 갖춘 편의성으로 인해 급격히 보급되고 있으며, 이와 함께 안전사고도 급증하고 있는 추세이다. 이와 같은 추세에 발맞추어 PM과 관련된 다양한 연구 및 제도가 마련되고 있다. 그러나 안전도 향상을 위한 방안으로는 제품 자체의 기능적 인증분야로 한정되어 있으며, 탑승자의 주행 안전성에 대한 평가기준 및 지표 마련은 이루어진 바 없다. 본 논문에서는 PM의 주행 안전성 평가에 적용 가능한 지표를 검토하였으며, 도출된 지표를 이용하여 3종의 PM과 보행에 대해 안전성 평가를 수행하여 결과를 제시하였다. 타 분야에서 활용되고 있는 지표 중 최종 선정한 지표는 COG(Center of the gravity)와 SM(Stability Metric)이다. COG는 무게중심이 중력 방향에서 벗어난 정도를 평가하는 지표이며 SM은 PM이 움직일 때 발생되는 힘을 내부의 힘, 각운동량, 지면반발력으로 보고 정규화한 값으로 움직이지 않을 때는 0이 되며 음의 값은 전복됨을 의미하므로 PM의 주행안전성 평가에 활용 가능하다. COG의 경우 평균값과 분산값을 기준으로 안전도를 평가하여 결론을 제시하였다. 3종의 PM 중 Scooter의 경우 탑승형태를 입식과 좌식으로 구분하여 시행하였으며, 그 결과 COG의 움직임으로 평가하였을 경우 wheel chair가 평균 6.54mm로 가장 안전하며 kickboard가 가장 불안전한 것으로 분석되었다. SM분석 결과, wheel chair가 가장 안전하며, 좌식 탑승의 형태가 입식보다 안전한 것으로 평가되었다. 이와 같은 분석 방법을 이용하여 향후 보다 다양한 제품군에 대한 주행안전성 평가가 필요할 것으로 판단되며, 운전자 중심 뿐만 아니라 기기 자체에 대한 주행안전성 평가가 함께 이루어져야 할 것이다.

Divers types of Personal Mobility(PM) are appeared on the market after the Segway is introduced. PMs have propagated very rapidly with their ease of use, and accidents related with PM show a sudden increase. Many studies on the PM are performed as its trend, but dring safety of passengers are excluded. In this study, criteria which can be adopted for PM's driving safety evaluation are reviewed. Also result of driving safety evaluation on 3 types of PM(wheel chair, kickboard, scooter(seating/standing) and walking using deducted criteria is given. COG(Center of the gravity) and SM(Stability Metric) are finally selected two criteria among many of them used in other fields. COG indicates how the center of mass deviates from the direction of the gravity. SM is a normalized value of generated force when PM moves as internal force, angular momentum, and ground reaction force. 0 means stop, and negative value means rollover, so it can be used for safety evaluation of PM. Average and standard deviation of measurement are standard of safety on the COG analysis. Wheel chair is the most safe and kickboard is the most unstable on the COG analysis. Wheel chair is also ranked as top safe on the SM analysis. Among two riding types(seating and standing) on the scooter, seating type is evaluated more safer than standing type. It is proposed that more various type of PMs are need to get safety evaluation for drivers and devices themselves together.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Baek W. K. and Lee J. W. (2010), "Mobility Stabilization of a 6${\times}$6 Robot Vehicle by Suspension Kinematics Reconfiguration," Korean Society For Power System Engineering, vol. 14, no. 3, pp.39-45.
  2. Bundesanstalt fur strabnwesen (2006), Segway in public spaces.
  3. Centre for Electric Vehicle Experimentation in Quebec (2006), Pilot Project for Evaluating the Segway TM HT Motorized Personal Transportation Device in Real Conditions.
  4. IRS Global (2015), Analysis for seeking new business strategies of smart personal mobility as next generation transportation modes.
  5. Jang D. J., Kim Y. C., Mun M. S. and Park J. C. (2016), "Study on Dynamic Tip-over Analysis of Foldable Electric Wheerchair," Journal of Rehabilitation Welfare Engineering and Assistive Technology, vol. 10, no. 2, pp.133-139. https://doi.org/10.21288/resko.2016.10.2.133
  6. Jeong Y. J. (2015), "Certification Trends of Personal Mobility in Korea," The Korean Society Of Automotive Engineers, vol. 37, no. 1, pp.46-49.
  7. KICT (2017), Qualitative Outcomes Material of 'Developing of Silver Carriage (Personal Mobility) for the Elderly'.
  8. KICT (2018), Research Report of 'Developing of Silver Carriage (Personal Mobility) for the Elderly'.
  9. Kim Y. M., Moon B. S. and Kim J. S. (2017), "Walking Environment Survey for Development of Specification on Personal Mobility Device for Elderly," Journal of Korean Society of Intelligent Transportation Systems, vol. 16 no. 6, pp.156-168. https://doi.org/10.12815/kits.2017.16.6.156
  10. Kong J. Y. (2013), "Survey on accidents of mobility assisting device for the disabled," Journal of Special Education and Rehabilitation Science, vol. 52, no. 2, pp.1-16.
  11. Lee E. D., Lee J. W. and Kim G. H. (2012), "Current Research Trends for Vehicle Dynamic Rollover," The Korean Society Of Automotive Engineers, pp.1022-1025.
  12. Lim I. J. (2016), "Introduction of personal mobility and its implications in Japan," Road Policy Brief, no. 99, pp.6-7.
  13. Peters S. C. and Ingnermma K. (2006), "An analysis of rollover stability measurement for high-speed mobile robots," Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, Orlando, pp.3711-3716.
  14. Roh C.-G. and Park B. J. (2017), "A Study on the Design Criteria of Pedestrian Facility (Stairs) by Motion Analysis of Walking Parameters in the Elderly," Journal of Korean Society of Transportation, vol. 35, no. 5, pp.396-408. https://doi.org/10.7470/jkst.2017.35.5.396
  15. Roh C.-G., Park B. J. and Moon B. S. (2016), "Clustering Analysis of Walking Characteristics of Elderly People for Use in Pedestrian Facilities Design, Journal of Korean Society of Transportation, vol. 34, no. 5, pp.409-420. https://doi.org/10.7470/jkst.2016.34.5.409
  16. Woo J. W. (2016), "A study on standard test method for evaluation of driving performance for Personal Mobility," The Korean Society of Automotive Engineers Annual Conference, vol. 2016, no. 5, pp.1002-1004.

피인용 문헌

  1. 공유 전동킥보드 이용환경만족도 영향요인 분석 - 서울시를 대상으로 - vol.37, pp.7, 2021, https://doi.org/10.5659/jaik.2021.37.7.3