Acknowledgement
Supported by : National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)
References
- Ferri R, Fulda S, Allen RP, et al. World Association of Sleep Medicine (WASM) 2016 standards for recording and scoring leg movements in polysomnograms developed by a joint task force from the International and the European Restless Legs Syndrome Study Groups (IRLSSG and EURLSSG). Sleep Med 2016;26:86-95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2016.10.010
- Montplaisir J, Boucher S, Poirier G, Lavigne G, Lapierre O, Lesperance P. Clinical, polysomnographic, and genetic characteristics of restless legs syndrome: a study of 133 patients diagnosed with new standard criteria. Mov Disord 1997;12:61-65. https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.870120111
- Shin JW, Koo YS, Lee BU, et al. Prevalence and characteristics of periodic limb movements during sleep in Korean adult patients with restless legs syndrome. J Clin Sleep Med 2016;12:1089-1097. https://doi.org/10.5664/jcsm.6042
- Sasai-Sakuma T, Stefani A, Sato M, Hogl B, Inoue Y. Ethnic differences in periodic limb movements during sleep in patients with restless legs syndrome: a preliminary cross-sectional study of Austrian and Japanese clinical population. Sleep Biol Rhythms 2018;16:345-349. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41105-018-0159-5
- Ferri R, Zucconi M, Rundo F, Spruyt K, Manconi M, Ferini-Strambi L. Heart rate and spectral EEG changes accompanying periodic and nonperiodic leg movements during sleep. Clin Neurophysiol 2007;118:438-448. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2006.10.007
- Walters AS, Rye DB. Review of the relationship of restless legs syndrome and periodic limb movements in sleep to hypertension, heart disease, and stroke. Sleep 2009;32:589-597. https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/32.5.589
- Ferini-Strambi L, Walters AS, Sica D. The relationship among restless legs syndrome (Willis-Ekbom disease), hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and cerebrovascular disease. J Neurol 2014;261:1051-1068. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-013-7065-1
- Byun JI, Jung KY, Lee GT, Kim CK, Kim BM. Spontaneous low-frequency cerebral hemodynamics oscillations in restless legs syndrome with periodic limb movements during sleep: a near-infrared spectroscopy study. J Clin Neurol 2016;12:107-114. https://doi.org/10.3988/jcn.2016.12.1.107
- Ferri R, Rundo F, Silvani A, et al. Short-interval leg movements during sleep entail greater cardiac activation than periodic leg movements during sleep in restless legs syndrome patients. J Sleep Res 2017;26:602-605. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.12529
- Guggisberg AG, Hess CW, Mathis J. The significance of the sympathetic nervous system in the pathophysiology of periodic leg movements in sleep. Sleep 2007;30:755-766. https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/30.6.755
- Choi JW, Jeong MH, Her SJ, et al. Abnormal sleep delta rhythm and interregional phase synchrony in patients with restless legs syndrome and their reversal by dopamine agonist treatment. J Clin Neurol 2017;13:340-350. https://doi.org/10.3988/jcn.2017.13.4.340
- Berry RB, Brooks R, Gamaldo CE, et al. The AASM manual for the scoring of sleep and associated events: rules, terminology and technical specifcations, version 2.5. Darien: American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 2018.
- Moore H 4th, Leary E, Lee SY, et al. Design and validation of a periodic leg movement detector. PLoS One 2014;9:e114565. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0114565
- Ferri R, Zucconi M, Manconi M, Plazzi G, Bruni O, Ferini-Strambi L. New approaches to the study of periodic leg movements during sleep in restless legs syndrome. Sleep 2006;29:759-769.
- Ferri R, Rundo F, Zucconi M, et al. Putting the periodicity back into the periodic leg movement index: an alternative data-driven algorithm for the computation of this index during sleep and wakefulness. Sleep Med 2015;16:1229-1235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2015.05.019
- Ferri R, Rundo F, Zucconi M, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of the standard and alternative periodic leg movement during sleep indices for restless legs syndrome. Sleep Med 2016;22:97-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2015.11.018
- Manconi M, Ferri R, Zucconi M, et al. Effects of acute dopamine-agonist treatment in restless legs syndrome on heart rate variability during sleep. Sleep Med 2011;12:47-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2010.03.019
- Saletu M, Anderer P, Saletu-Zyhlarz G, Hauer C, Saletu B. Acute placebo-controlled sleep laboratory studies and clinical follow-up with pramipexole in restless legs syndrome. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2002;252:185-194. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-002-0380-7
- Manconi M, Ferri R, Feroah TR, Zucconi M, Ferini-Strambi L. Defining the boundaries of the response of sleep leg movements to a single dose of dopamine agonist. Sleep 2008;31:1229-1237.
- Ferri R, Rundo F, Silvani A, et al. Sequence analysis of leg movements during sleep with different intervals (<10, 10-90 and >90 s) in restless legs syndrome. J Sleep Res 2017;26:436-443. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.12500
- Pennestri MH, Montplaisir J, Colombo R, Lavigne G, Lanfranchi PA. Nocturnal blood pressure changes in patients with restless legs syndrome. Neurology 2007;68:1213-1218. https://doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000259036.89411.52