Journal of Digital Convergence (디지털융복합연구)

The Society of Digital Policy and Management (한국디지털정책학회)
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The Effects of Medical Expenditure on Income Inequality in Elderly and Non-Elderly Households by Income Class

소득계층별 노인과 비 노인가구의 의료비 지출이 소득불평등에 미치는 영향

  • 이용재 (호서대학교 사회복지학과)
  • Received : 2018.07.27
  • Accepted : 2018.10.20
  • Published : 2018.10.28
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Abstract

This study aims to identify the inequalities and characteristics of health care expenditure of the elderly and non-elderly households by income level. As a result, health care expenditure of elderly households was statistically significantly higher than that of non-elderly households. As a result of calculating the concentration index of health care expenditure by income level, inequality was higher in order of non-elderly households, elderly households, and total households. In order to confirm the effect of health expenditure on household income inequality, we calculated the concentration index of income excluding total health care expenditure from total income. As a result, inequality was higher in order of elderly households, whole households, and non-elderly households. There was not much difference in inequality of health care expenditure among elderly households and non-elderly households. And, the health care expenditure of elderly households was much higher than that of non-elderly households. Also, inequality of health care expenditure by income group was serious. There should be no cases where the medical care support policy for elderly households can not use necessary medical services.

본 연구는 소득계층별 노인 가구와 비 노인 가구의 보건의료비 지출의 불평등과 그 특징을 확인함으로써 노인 가구 특성에 맞는 보건의료이용 불평등 해소정책을 제안하기 위해 수행되었다. 분석결과 노인 가구의 보건의료비 지출이 비 노인 가구에 비해 통계적으로 유의하게 많았다. 또한, 소득계층별 보건의료비 지출의 불평등을 확인하기 위해 집중지수를 산출한 결과 비 노인 가구, 노인 가구, 전체의 순으로 불평등이 컸다. 보건의료비 지출이 가구소득불평등에 미친 영향을 확인하기 위해 총 소득에서 보건의료비 지출액을 제외한 소득의 집중지수를 산출한 결과 노인 가구, 전체 가구, 비 노인 가구의 순으로 불평등이 컸다. 따라서 노인 가구와 비 노인 가구 각각의 보건의료비 지출의 불평등 차이가 크지 않았다. 또한, 노인 가구의 보건의료비 지출액이 비 노인 가구에 비해서 많고, 노인 가구의 소득계층별 보건의료비 지출의 불평등 정도가 심각한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 노인 가구에 대한 의료비 지원정책으로 필요한 의료서비스를 이용하지 못하는 사례가 없도록 함으로서 불평등을 해소하기 위해 노력하여야 한다.

Keywords

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