Journal of Plant Biotechnology

The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology (한국식물생명공학회)
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Status of research on the sweetpotato biotechnology and prospects of the molecular breeding on marginal lands

고구마 생명공학연구 현황과 조건 불리지역 분자육종 전망

  • Kim, Ho Soo (Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB)) ;
  • Yoon, Ung-Han (Genomics Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science) ;
  • Lee, Chan-Ju (Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB)) ;
  • Kim, So-Eun (Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB)) ;
  • Ji, Chang Yoon (Research & Development Center, Korea Scientific Technique Industry Co., Ltd.) ;
  • Kwak, Sang-Soo (Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB))
  • 김호수 (한국생명공학연구원 식물시스템공학연구센터) ;
  • 윤웅한 (국립농업과학원 유전체과) ;
  • 이찬주 (한국생명공학연구원 식물시스템공학연구센터) ;
  • 김소은 (한국생명공학연구원 식물시스템공학연구센터) ;
  • 지창윤 ((주)한국과기산업 기업부설연구소) ;
  • 곽상수 (한국생명공학연구원 식물시스템공학연구센터)
  • Received : 2018.09.17
  • Accepted : 2018.09.20
  • Published : 2018.09.30
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Abstract

Dramatic increase in global population accompanied by rapid industrialization in developing countries has led to serious environmental, food, energy, and health problems. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations has estimated world population will increase to 9.7 billion by 2050 and require approximately 1.7 times more food, and more than 3.5 times energy than that of today. Particularly, sweetpotato is easy to cultivate in unfavorable conditions such as heat, drought, high salt, and marginal lands. In this respect, sweetpotato is an industrially valuable starch crop. To replace crops associated with these food and energy problems, it is necessary to develop new crops with improved nutrients and productivity, that can be grown on marginal lands, including desertification areas using plant biotechnology. For this purpose, exploring useful genes and developing genetically modified crops are essential strategies. Currently, sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] have been re-evaluated as the best health food and industrial crop that produces starch and low molecular weight antioxidants, such as vitamin A, vitamin E, anthocyanins and carotenoids. This review will focus on the current status of research on sweetpotato biotechnology on omics including genome sequencing, transcriptome, proteomics and molecular breeding. In addition, prospects on molecular breeding of sweetpotato on marginal lands for sustainable development were described.

고구마는 식량뿐만 아니라 전분을 비롯하여 카로티노이드, 비타민C, 비타민E, 안토시아닌과 같은 저분자 항산화물질을 생산하는 중요한 산업용 뿌리작물로 건조 등 조건 불리지역에 적용이 가능한 최고의 전분작물로 각광받고 있다. 이러한 관점에서 중국, 일본을 비롯한 세계 각국에서 오믹스 기반 유용유전자 발굴 및 활용에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 또한 2014년부터 한 중 일 고구마연구협의회(TRAS)를 중심으로 Xushu 18(6배체) 고구마 유전체 해독 연구가 진행되고 있으며 거의 완성단계에 이르고 있다. 향후 고구마 유전체 해독이 완성되면 오믹스 기반 연구결과와 더불어 전분대사, 항산화물질 대사, 환경스트레스, 기능성 등의 기작에 관여하는 유용유전자 분리 및 활용 연구의 활성화에 기여할 것이며 6배체 고구마 유전체 해독 연구는 식물 유전체 해독에 있어 가장 문제시되는 다배수체 식물의 유전체 해독 문제해결에 가장 큰 기여를 할 것으로 기대 된다. 본 논문은 현재까지 연구된 고구마 생명공학 연구 현황과 조건 불리지역 분자육종 전망에 대해 기술하였다. 이러한 연구 동향 분석은 고구마를 활용한 글로벌 식량, 에너지, 환경문제 해결을 위한 실용화 연구에 도움이 될 것으로 생각된다.

Keywords

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