Toxicological Research

Korean Society of Toxicology & Korea Environmental Mutagen Society (한국독성학회)
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Substantial Evidences Indicate That Inorganic Arsenic Is a Genotoxic Carcinogen: a Review

  • Roy, Jinia Sinha (Molecular Genetics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology) ;
  • Chatterjee, Debmita (Molecular Genetics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology) ;
  • Das, Nandana (Molecular Genetics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology) ;
  • Giri, Ashok K. (Molecular Genetics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology)
  • Received : 2018.08.12
  • Accepted : 2018.09.07
  • Published : 2018.10.15
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Abstract

Arsenic is one of the most toxic environmental toxicants. More than 150 million people worldwide are exposed to arsenic through ground water contamination. It is an exclusive human carcinogen. Although the hallmarks of arsenic toxicity are skin lesions and skin cancers, arsenic can also induce cancers in the lung, liver, kidney, urinary bladder, and other internal organs. Arsenic is a non-mutagenic compound but can induce significant cytogenetic damage as measured by chromosomal aberrations, sister chromatid exchanges, and micronuclei formation in human systems. These genotoxic end points are extensively used to predict genotoxic potentials of different environmental chemicals, drugs, pesticides, and insecticides. These cytogenetic end points are also used for evaluating cancer risk. Here, by critically reviewing and analyzing the existing literature, we conclude that inorganic arsenic is a genotoxic carcinogen.

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References

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  1. Perspectives on trace chemical safety and chemophobia: risk communication and risk management pp.1087-2620, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1080/15287394.2019.1575625