Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers (한국농공학회논문집)

The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers (한국농공학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Characteristics of Soil Nutrients by the Application of Rice Straw Ash

볏짚 회분의 토양적용에 따른 양분 특성 변화

  • Kang, Ku (Research Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Science, Hankyong National University) ;
  • Hong, Seong-Gu (Department of Bioresources and Rural systems Engineering, Hankyong National University)
  • Received : 2018.07.18
  • Accepted : 2018.08.28
  • Published : 2018.09.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

In this study physical and chemical characteristics of rice straw ash (RSA) were analyzed in agricultural by-products such as the characteristics of soil pH, electric conductivity (EC), total phosphorus (T-P), available phosphate (Avail-P), and cation exchange capacity (CEC). The results showed that RSA is of mainly C in 95.74% and followed by Si > Al > P > Mg > K > Ca. The pH of RSA was high near 11 and the T-P concentration was $2,322.38{\pm}10.35mg/kg$. The specific surface area of RSA was $123.50m^2/g$, which was much lower than that of biochar. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated that RSA were C and Si based crystalline. TCLP and KSLT test results implied that the heavy metal concentrations were below the environmental standards and would not impose the risks. T-P concentration increased from $225.59{\pm}12.69mg/kg$ to $593.39{\pm}17.36mg/kg$ along with RSA mixing ratio to soil from 0% to 15%. Both pH and EC values were increased with the increase of RSA ratio. The changes in Avail-P and CEC were not when RSA mixing ratio was 1%. whereas the Avail-P concentration was slightly increase when the mixing ratio was more than 5%. Additional investigation considering receiving soil characteristics based on the results of this study would help effective application of RSA to soil.

Keywords

References

  1. ASTM D422, 2005. Standard test method for particle size analysis of soils. ASTM Standard 04. 08, ASTM, West Conshohocken, PA, USA, 10-17.
  2. Chew, J. J., and V. Doshi, 2011. Recent advance in biomass pretreatment - torrefaction fundamentals and technology. Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews 15(8): 4212-4222. doi:10.1016/j.rser.2011.09.017.
  3. Girgis, B. S., Y. M. Temerk, M. M. Gadelrab, and I. D. Abdullah, 2007. X-ray diffraction patterns of activated carbons prepared under various conditions. Carbon Science 8(2): 95-100. doi:10.5714/CL.2007.8.2.095.
  4. Hong, S. G., 2015. Estimation of synthesis gas composition by biomass fuel conditions using thermodynamic equilibrium model. Journal of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers 57(1): 79-87 (in Korean). doi:10.5389/KSAE.2015.57.1.079.
  5. Jeffery. S., F. G. A. Verheijen, M. van der Velde, and A. C. Bastos, 2011. A quantitative review of the effects of Biochar application to soils on crop productivity using meta-analysis, agriculture. Ecosystems and Environment 144: 175-187. doi:10.1016/j.agee.2011.08.015.
  6. Jung, B. G., J. H. Yoon, Y. H. Kim, and S. H. Kim, 2003. Dependence of 0.01 M $CaCl_2$ soluble phosphorus upon extractable P and P sorptivity in paddy soil. Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer 36(6): 384-390 (in Korean).
  7. Kang, K., S. J. Park, and S. G. Hong, 2016. Stabilization of heavy metal (Ni, Cr) in soil amended with biomass ash. Journal of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers 58(3): 39-46 (in Korean). doi:10.5389/KSAE.2016.58.3.039.
  8. Kang, K., W. H. Shin, S. G. Hong, Y. K. Kim, and S. J. Park, 2017. Applicability of natural zeolite with different cation exchange capacity as In-situ capping materials for adsorbing heavy metals. Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers 39(2): 50-58 (in Korean). doi:10.4491/KSEE.2017.39.2.51.
  9. Kim, M. S., H. K. Kwak, Y. H. Kim, S. S. Kang, M. S. Gong, Y. S. Zhang, H. B. Yoon, and C. H. Lee, 2013. Comparison of soil testing methods for plant available phosphate. Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer 46(3): 153-162 (in Korean). doi:10.7745/KJSSF.2013.46.3.153.
  10. Korea Environment Institute, 2018. Estimation of potentiality by environmental and social in agricultural reservoir. KEI FOCUS 6(4): 1-23 (in Korean).
  11. Korea Rural Economic Institute, 2014. Evaluation of Soil Nutrient Management Policy in Korea, Korea Rural Economic Institute Research Report - R732 (in Korean).
  12. Lee, I. B., J. H. Lim, and M. S. Yiem, 2000. Determination of sulfur requirement to adjust pH of alkaline soil by buffer curve method. Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer 33(6): 405-415 (in Korean).
  13. Lee, T. G., B. W. Gu, and S. J. Park, 2016. Assessment on environmental characteristics of organic paddy and conventional paddy by comparing their soil properties and water quality. Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers 38(9): 504-512 (in Korean). doi:10.4491/KSEE.2016.38.9.504.
  14. Lehmann, J., 2007. Bio-energy in the black. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 5(7): 381-387. doi:10.1890/1540-9295(2007)5[381:BITB]2.0.CO;2.
  15. Luo, Y., M. Durenkamp, M. De Nobili, Q. Lin, B. J. Devonshire, and P. C. Brookes, 2013. Microbial biomass growth, following incorporation of biochars produced at 350$^{\circ}C$ or 700$^{\circ}C$, in a silty-clay loam soil of high and low pH. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 57: 513-523. doi: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.10.033.
  16. Ministry of Environment, 2014. Waste Leaching Methods. Ministry of Environment.
  17. Monoj, B., and A. G. Kunjomana, 2012. Study of stacking structure of amorphous carbon by X-ray diffraction technique. International Journal of Electrochemical Science 7: 3127-3134.
  18. National Academy of Agricultural Science, 2010. Method of Soil Chemical Analysis. Rural Development Administration, Korea (in Korean).
  19. Park, J. S., L. Wang, K. Kang, B. W. Gu, H. J. Kim, S. G. Hong, S. G. Hong, and S. J. Park, 2015. Comparison of soil chemistry and environmental characteristics of organic paddy and conventional paddy before basal Fetilizer application. Journal of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers 57(6): 47-57 (in Korean). doi:10.5389/KSAE.2015.57.6.047.
  20. Patrick Jr, W. H., and I. C. Mahapatra, 1968. Transformation and availability to rice of nitrogen and phosphorus in waterlogged soils. Advances in Agronomy 20: 323-359.
  21. Ponnamperuma, F. N., 1972. Chemistry of waterlogged soils. Advances in Agronomy 24: 29-96. doi:10.1016/S0065-2113(08)60860-3.
  22. Tapasvi, D., R. Khalil, Q. Skeriberg, K. Q. Tran, and M. Gronil, 2012. Torrefaction of norwegian birch and spruce: an experimental study using Macro-TGA. Energy Fuels 26(8): 5232-5240. doi:10.1021/ef300993q.
  23. USEPA, 1999. Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (method 1311). United States Environmental Protection Agency.
  24. Van Zwieten, L., S. Kimber, S. Morris, K. Y. Chan, A. Downie, J. Rust, S. Joseph, and A. Cowie, 2010. Effects of biochar from slow pyrolysis of papermill waste on agronomic performance and soil fertility. Plant Soil 327: 235-246. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-009-0050-x
  25. Woo, S. H., 2013. Biochar for soil carbon sequestration. Clean Technology 19(3): 201-2011 (in Korean). doi:10.7464/ksct.2013.19.3.201.