References
- Gajdosik CG, Cicirello N. Secondary conditions of the musculoskeletal system in adolescents and adults with cerebral palsy. Phys Occup Ther Pediatr. 2001;21(4):49-68.
- Burtner PA, Qualls C, Woollacott MH. Muscle activation characteristics of stance balance control in children with spastic cerebral palsy. Gait Posture. 1998;8(3):163-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0966-6362(98)00032-0
- van der Heide JC, Hadders-Algra M. Postural muscle dyscoordination in children with cerebral palsy. Neural Plast. 2005;12(2-3):197-203. https://doi.org/10.1155/NP.2005.197
- Lee DR, Lee NG, Cha HJ et al. The effect of robo-horseback riding therapy on spinal alignment and associated muscle size in MRI for a child with neuromuscular scoliosis: an experimenter-blind study. NeuroRehabilitation. 2011;29(1):23-7.
- Jung JW, Song B. The effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation over trunk muscles on gross motor function and trunk muscle activity in children with cerebral. Journal of Rehabilitation Research. 2012;16:293-314.
- Cha YJ, Stanley M, Shurtleff T et al. Long-term effects of robotic hippotherapy on dynamic postural stability in cerebral palsy. Computer Assisted Surgery. 2016;21(suppl):111-5. https://doi.org/10.1080/24699322.2016.1240297
- Medeiros M. Adaptation of the seated postural control measure for children/youth with neuromotor disorders during therapeutic horseback riding/hippotherapy: a pilot project for development and reliability. Manitoba University. Dissertation of Master's Degree. 2017
- Umnov VV. Kyphosis in patients with cerebral palsy: Causes of its development and correctional possibilities (literature review). Pediatric Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Reconstructive Surgery. 2015;3(3):48-51.
- Lee SY, Chung CY, Lee KM et al. Annual changes in radiographic indices of the spine in cerebral palsy patients. Eur Spine J. 2016;25(3):679-86. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-014-3746-4
- Vekerdy Z. Management of seating posture of children with cerebral palsy by using thoracic-lumbar-sacral orthosis with non-rigid SIDO frame. Disabil Rehabil. 2007;29(18):1434-41. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638280601055691
-
Simsek TT, Turkucuoglu B, Cokal N et al. The effects of
$Kinesio^{(R)}$ taping on sitting posture, functional independence and gross motor function in children with cerebral palsy. Disabil Rehabil. 2011;33(21-22):2058-63. https://doi.org/10.3109/09638288.2011.560331 - Footer CB. The effects of therapeutic taping on gross motor function in children with cerebral palsy. Pediatr Phys Ther. 2006;18(4):245-52. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.pep.0000233696.33675.37
- Wright PA, Durham S, Ewins DJ et al. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation for children with cerebral palsy: A review. Arch Dis Child. 2012;97(4): 364-71. https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2011-300437
- Chiu HC, Ada L. Effect of functional electrical stimulation on activity in children with cerebral palsy: A systematic review. Pediatr Phys Ther. 2014; 26(3):283-8. https://doi.org/10.1097/PEP.0000000000000045
- Karabay I, Dogan A, Arslan MD et al. Effects of functional electrical stimulation on trunk control in children with diplegic cerebral palsy. Disabil Rehabil. 2012;34(11):965-70. https://doi.org/10.3109/09638288.2011.628741
- Scheker LR, Chesher SP, Ramirez S. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation and dynamic bracing as a treatment for upper-extremity spasticity in children with cerebral palsy. J Hand Surg Br. 1999;24(2):226-32. https://doi.org/10.1054/JHSB.1998.0002
- Ko EJ, Chun MH, Kim DY et al. The additive effects of core muscle strengthening and trunk NMES on trunk balance in stroke patients. Ann Rehabil Med. 2016;40(1):142-51. https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2016.40.1.142
- Lewis JS, Valentine RE. Clinical measurement of the thoracic kyphosis. A study of the intra-rater reliability in subjects with and without shoulder pain. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2010;11(1):39. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2474-11-39
- Tsirikos AI, Chang WN, Dabney KW et al. Life expectancy in pediatric patients with cerebral palsy and neuromuscular scoliosis who underwent spinal fusion. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2003;45(10):677-82. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8749.2003.tb00870.x
- Jung KS, Kim YS, In TS. Effects of the support surface condition on muscle activity of trunk muscles during balance exercises in patients with stroke. J Kor Phys Ther. 2015;27(4):196-200. https://doi.org/10.18857/jkpt.2015.27.4.196
- Yi CH, Hwang SG, Choi HS. Inter-rater reliability of the gross motor function. Phys Ther Korea. 1995;2(1):1-13.
- Shin HK, Byeon EJ, Kim SH. Effects of seat surface inclination on respiration and speech production in children with spastic cerebral palsy. J Physiol Anthropol. 2015;34(1):17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40101-015-0057-3
- Lee IS, Kim JS, Kim SY. The effect of hippotherapy on spasticity and muscular activity in children with cerebral palsy. J Korean Soc Occup Ther. 2011;19(1):117-24.
- Kang KY, Song BH. Effects of horseback riding simulation machine training on gross motor function for the children with cerebral palsy. J of KoCon. a. 2010;10(5):277-84.
- Beack JH, Sung BJ, Lee BW. The analysis of electromyogram in horse riding simulator. Journal of Sport and Leisure Studies. 2005;23:341-52.
- Park SY, Lee IH, Jeon CB et al. Comparison of the sitting pressure of stroke patients according to seat shapes. J Ergon Soc Korea. 2010;10:15-9.
- Park ES, Park CI, Lee HJ. The effect of electrical stimulation on the trunk control in young children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy. J Korean Med Sci. 2001;16(3):347-50. https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2001.16.3.347
- Claus AP, Hides JA, Moseley GL et al. Different ways to balance the spine: subtle changes in sagittal spinal curves affect regional muscle activity. Spine. 2009;34(6):E208-14. https://doi.org/10.1097/BRS.0b013e3181908ead