Herbal Formula Science (대한한의학방제학회지)

The Korean Medicine Society for the Herbal Formula Study (대한한의학방제학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Inhibitory Effects of Gardeniae Fructus on Apoptosis induced by 4-HNE in PC-12 Cell

치자(梔子)의 Apoptosis유발 억제효과

  • Han, Yong-Soo (Department of Anatomy-Pointology, College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University) ;
  • Lee, Tae Hee (Department of Formulae Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University) ;
  • Kim, Youn-Sub (Department of Anatomy-Pointology, College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University)
  • 한영수 (가천대학교 한의과대학 해부경혈학교실) ;
  • 이태희 (가천대학교 한의과대학 방제학교실) ;
  • 김연섭 (가천대학교 한의과대학 해부경혈학교실)
  • Received : 2018.07.03
  • Accepted : 2018.07.23
  • Published : 2018.08.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to observe the effects of Gardeniae Fructus on 4-HNE-induced apoptosis in PC-12 cell. Methods : A MTT assay was conducted to observe the cytotoxicity of Gardeniae Fructus on the PC-12 cell viability and the cytoprotective effects of Gardeniae Fructus on PC-12 cell against oxidative stress caused by 4-HNE. And western blot was conducted to observe the expression of Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase-3, $TNF-{\alpha}$ proteins which are involved in intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis pathway. Results : 25, 50, 100, 200 and $400{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ of Gardeniae Fructus water extract had no cytotoxicity on PC-12 cell. $200{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ of Gardeniae Fructus water extract had significant cytoprotective effect on PC-12 cell against oxidative stress caused by 4-HNE. The expression of Bax protein in 50, 100 and $200{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ of Gardeniae Fructus was significantly decreased in PC-12 cell. The expression of Bcl-2 protein in $200{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ of Gardeniae Fructus was significantly increased in PC-12 cell. The expression of Caspase-3 protein in 100 and $200{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ of Gardeniae Fructus was significantly decreased in PC-12 cell. The expression of $TNF-{\alpha}$ protein in $50{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ of Gardeniae Fructus was significantly decreased in PC-12 cell. Conclusions : These results suggest that Gardeniae Fructus water extract is effective to protect PC-12 cell from 4-HNE induced apoptosis.

Keywords

References

  1. Sartorius U, Schmitz I, Krammer PH. Molecular mechanisms of death-receptormediated apoptosis. Chembiochem. 2001;2:20-9. https://doi.org/10.1002/1439-7633(20010105)2:1<20::AID-CBIC20>3.0.CO;2-X
  2. Thompson CB. Apoptosis in the pathogenesis and treatment of disease. Science. 1995;267: 1456-62. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.7878464
  3. Fulda S, Debatin KM. Extrinsic versus intrinsic apoptosis pathways in anticancer chemotherapy. Oncogene. 2006;25(34):4798-811. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1209608
  4. Muzio M, Chinnaiyan AM, Kischkel FC, O'Rourke K, Shevchenko A, No J, Scaffidi C, Bretz JD, Zhang M, Gentz R, Mann M, Krammer PH, Peter ME, Dixit VM. A novel FADD-homologous ICE/CED-3-like protease is recruited to the CD95 (FAS/APO-1) death-inducing signaling complex. Cell. 1996; 85:817-27. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81266-0
  5. Martinou JC, Green DR. Membrane perturbations induced by the apoptotic Bax protein. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2001;2:63-7.
  6. Spampanato C, De Maria S, Sarnataro M, Giordano E, Zanfardino M, Baiano S, Cartenii M, Morelli F. Simvastatin inhibits cancer cell growth by inducing apoptosis correlated to activation of Bax and down-regulation of BCL-2 gene expression. Int J Oncol. 2011;1273-80.
  7. Gupta S. Molecular signaling in death receptor and mitochondrial pathways of apoptosis. Int J Oncol. 2003;22:15-20.
  8. Lawen A. Apoptosis-an introduction. Bioessays. 2003;25:888-96. https://doi.org/10.1002/bies.10329
  9. Thompson C. Apoptosis in the pathogenesis and treatment of disease. Science 1995;267: 1456-62. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.7878464
  10. Kim IR, Kim HC, Kook YB, Park SJ, Park YK, Park JH, Seo BI, Seo YB, Song HJ, Shin MK, Lee YJ, Lee YC, Lee JH, Lim KH, Cho SI, Jeong JG, Joo YS, Choi HY. Herbalism. Seoul : Younglimsa. 2008:207-9.
  11. Yang C, Hao Z, Xi T, Can Z, Le C, Ying L, Lin J, Hong XY, Chu C. Antioxidant potential of crocins and ethanol extracts of Gardenia jasminoides ELLIS and crocus sativus L. A relationship investigation between antioxidant activity and crocin contents. Food Chem. 2008;109:484-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.09.080
  12. Yang JH, Lee NH. Effects of Gardeniae Fructus on the metabolic process of antioxidant and anti-inflammation by JNK and NF-kB. J Korean Med Ophthalmol Otolaryngol Dermatol 2016;29(2):56-64 https://doi.org/10.6114/jkood.2016.29.2.056
  13. Lin YJ, Lai CC, Lai CH, Sue SC, Lin CW, Hung CH, Lin TH, Hsu WY, Huang SM, Hung YL, Tien N, Liu X, Chen CL, Tsai FJ. Inhibition of enterovirus 71 infections and viral IRES activity by Fructus gardeniae and geniposide. Eur J Med Chem. 2013 ; 62 : 206-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.12.038
  14. The Korean Society of Pharmacognosy. Natural Product Science. Seoul : Hakchangsa. 2000:244.
  15. Kim TJ. Korean wild grass using for drug, Seoul : Kugil Media. 1999 : 777-8.
  16. Huh Joon. Donguibogam. Seoul : Namsandang. 1977:1222.
  17. Bergonzi MC, Righeschi C, Isacchi B, Bilia AR. Identification and quantification of constituents of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis(Zhizi) by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS. Food Chemistry. 2012;134(2):1199-204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.02.157
  18. Yang RO, Tan XI, Thomas AM, Shen JI. Crocetin inhibits mRNA expression for Tumor Necrosis Factor-${\alpha}$, Interleukin-$1{\beta}$ and Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase in hemorrhagic shock. Journal of parenteral and enteral nutrition. 2006;30:297 - 301. https://doi.org/10.1177/0148607106030004297
  19. Chen Y, Zhang H, Tian X, Zhao C, Cai L, Liu Y, Jia L, Yin HX, Chen C. Antioxidant potential of crocins and ethanol extracts of Gardenia jasminoides ELLIS and Crocus sativus L.:A relationship investigation between antioxidant activity and crocin contents. Food Chemistry. 2008;109(3):484-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.09.080
  20. Yu Y, Feng XL, Gao H, Xie ZL, Dai Y, Huang XJ, Kurihara H, Ye WC, Zhong Y, Yao XS. Chemical constituents from the fruits of Gardemia jasminoides Ellis. Fitoterapia. 2012;83(3):563-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2011.12.027
  21. Yamazaki M, Chiba K, Mohri T. Neuritogenic effect of natural iridoid compounds on PC-12 cells and its possible relation to signaling protein kinase. Biol Pharm Bull. 1996;19:791-5. https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.19.791
  22. Poli G, Schaur RJ. 4-Hydroxynonenal in the pathomechanisms of oxidative stress. IUBMB Life. 2003;50:315-21.
  23. Fukuda M, Kanou F, Shimada N, Sawabe M, Saito Y, Muryama S, Hashimoto M, Maruyama N, Ishigami A. Elevated levels of 4-hydrononenal-histidine Michael adduct in the hippocampi of patients with Alzheimer's disease. Biomed Res. 2009;30:227-33. https://doi.org/10.2220/biomedres.30.227
  24. Soh Y, Heong KS, Lee LJ, Bae MA, Kim YC, Song BJ. Selective activation of the c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase pathway during 4-hydroxynonenal-induced apoptosis of PC-12 cells. Mol Pharmacol. 2000;58:535-41. https://doi.org/10.1124/mol.58.3.535
  25. Fulda S, Debatin KM. Extrinsic versus intrinsic apoptosis pathways in anticancer chemotherapy. Oncogene. 2006;25(34):4798- 811. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1209608
  26. Suzanne Cory, Jerry M Adams. The Bcl-2 Family: regulators of the cellular life-ordeath switch. Nature Reviews Cancer. 2002; 2:647-56. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrc883
  27. Gruter MG. Caspases : Key players in programmed cell death. Current Opinion in Structural Biology. 2000;10:649-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0959-440X(00)00146-9
  28. Maria Lim, May-Ghee Lum, Tania Hansen, Xavier Roucou, Phillip Nagley. On the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria during cell death signaling. Journal of Biomedical Science. 2002;9:488-506.
  29. Oh SH, Lim SC. A rapid and transient ROS generation by cadmium triggers apoptosis via caspase-dependent pathway in HepG2 cells and this is inhibited through N-acetylcysteine -mediated catalase upregulation. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2006;212(3):212-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2005.07.018
  30. Vegran F, Boidot R, Oudin C, Riedinger JM, Lizard-Nacol S. Implication of alternative splice transcripts of caspase-3 and survivin in chemoresistance. Bull Cancer. 2005;92(3): 219-26.
  31. Hong Ye, Celine Cande, Nicolas Stephanou, Sulin Jiang, Sundeep Gurbuxani, Nathanael Larochette, Eric Daugas, Carmen Garrido, Guido Kroemer, Hao Wu. DNA binding is required for the apoptogenic action of apoptosis inducing factor. Natarue Structural Biology. 2002;9:680-4. https://doi.org/10.1038/nsb836