Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration (지구물리와물리탐사)

Korean Society of Earth and Exploration Geophysicists (한국지구물리·물리탐사학회)
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Broadband Seismic Exploration Technologies via Ghost Removal

도깨비파 제거를 통한 광대역 탄성파 탐사 기술

  • Choi, Woochang (Department of Energy Resources Engineering, Inha University) ;
  • Pyun, Sukjoon (Department of Energy Resources Engineering, Inha University)
  • 최우창 (인하대학교 에너지자원공학과) ;
  • 편석준 (인하대학교 에너지자원공학과)
  • Received : 2018.08.03
  • Accepted : 2018.08.27
  • Published : 2018.08.31
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Abstract

In the delineation of geological structures using seismic exploration, it is very important to improve resolution of seismic data as well as accurate velocity model building and subsurface imaging. The resolution of seismic data can be enhanced by employing high-frequency energy sources or by applying deconvolution techniques in data processing. In marine seismic exploration, however, the main reason for degradation of resolution is the loss of specific frequency components due to ghosts. If we remove the ghosts, we can obtain broadband seismic data by avoiding frequency loss, and thus providing high-resolution subsurface images. Although ghosts can be properly filtered out in the data processing step, more effective broadband seismic technologies have been developing through the evolution of seismic instruments and the innovation of survey design. Overseas exploration companies developed brand-new configurations of receivers such as over/under streamer and variable-depth streamer, or ghost removal techniques using dual-sensor streamer to serve high-resolution imaging technologies. Unfortunately, neither broadband seismic instrument nor processing technique has been studied in Korea. In this paper, we introduce fundamental theories and current status of broadband seismic technologies to assist domestic researchers to study those technologies.

탄성파 탐사를 이용한 지질구조 규명에 있어 정확한 속도모델 구축이나 영상화 기술 개발만큼 중요한 것이 자료의 분해능을 높이는 기술이다. 일반적으로 자료취득 과정에서 고주파 송신원을 사용하거나 자료처리 과정에서 곱풀기(deconvolution) 등의 기법을 적용하여 분해능을 향상시킬 수 있다. 그러나 해양 탄성파 탐사에서 분해능을 저해하는 가장 큰 원인은 도깨비파에 의한 특정 주파수 성분의 손실이다. 따라서 도깨비파를 제거하면 주파수 손실을 방지하여 광대역 탄성파 자료를 얻을 수 있고, 결과적으로 높은 분해능의 지층 영상을 얻을 수 있다. 도깨비파 제거는 자료처리 과정에서 적절한 필터를 적용하여 수행할 수 있지만, 최근에는 탐사 장비의 발전과 탐사 설계의 혁신을 통해 효과적인 광대역 탄성파 탐사 기술이 개발되고 있다. 해외 탐사전문 기업들은 오버/언더 스트리머나 가변 심도 스트리머와 같이 새로운 수신기 배열을 개발하거나 이중 센서 스트리머를 이용한 도깨비파 제거 기술을 확보하여 고분해능 영상화 기술을 제공하고 있다. 안타깝게도 국내에서는 광대역 탄성파 탐사 장비나 기술에 대한 연구가 거의 이루어지지 않고 있다. 본 논문에서는 국내 광대역 탄성파 탐사 연구에 도움이 될 수 있도록 그 기본 이론과 기술 현황을 소개하였다.

Keywords

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