References
- Holden BA, Fricke TR, Wilson DA, et al. Global prevalence of myopia and high myopia and temporal trends from 2000 through 2050. Ophthalmology 2016;123:1036-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2016.01.006
- Koh V, Yang A, Saw SM, et al. Differences in prevalence of refractive errors in young asian males in Singapore between 1996- 1997 and 2009-2010.Ophthalmic Epidemiol 2014;21:247-55. https://doi.org/10.3109/09286586.2014.928824
- Lee YY, Lo CT, Sheu SJ, Lin JL. What factors are associated with myopia in young adults? A survey study in Taiwan Military Conscripts. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2013;54:1026-33. https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.12-10480
- Jung S, Han J, Kwon J, et al. Analysis of myopic progression in childhood using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2016;57:1430-4. https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2016.57.9.1430
- The Eye Disease Case-Control Study Group. Risk factors for idiopathic macular holes. Am J Ophthalmol 1994;118:754-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9394(14)72555-3
- Mitchell P, Hourihan F, Sandbach J, Wang JJ. The relationship between glaucoma and myopia: the Blue Mountains Eye Study. Ophthalmology 1999;106:2010-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0161-6420(99)90416-5
- Saw SM, Gazzard G, Shih-Yen EC, Chua WH. Myopia and associated pathological complications. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2005;25:381-91. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-1313.2005.00298.x
- Harper AR, Summers JA. The dynamic sclera: extracellular matrix remodeling in normal ocular growth and myopia development. Exp Eye Res 2015;133:100-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exer.2014.07.015
- Schwartz JT. Results of a monozygotic cotwin control study on a treatment for myopia. Prog Clin Biol Res 1981;69:249-58.
- Yen MY, Liu JH, Kao SC, Shiao CH. Comparison of the effect of atropine and cyclopentolate on myopia. Ann Ophthalmol 1989;21:180-2.
- Shih YF, Chen CH, Chou AC, et al. Effects of different concentrations of atropine on controlling myopia in myopic children. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 1999;15:85-90. https://doi.org/10.1089/jop.1999.15.85
- Siatkowski RM, Cotter S, Miller JM, et al. Safety and efficacy of 2% pirenzepine ophthalmic gel in children with myopia: a 1-year, multicenter, double-masked, placebo-controlled parallel study. Arch Ophthalmol 2004;122:1667-74. https://doi.org/10.1001/archopht.122.11.1667
- Tan DT, Lam DS, Chua WH, et al. One-year multicenter, doublemasked, placebo-controlled, parallel safety and efficacy study of 2% pirenzepine ophthalmic gel in children with myopia. Ophthalmology 2005;112:84-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2004.06.038
- Jensen H. Timolol maleate in the control of myopia. A preliminary report. Acta Ophthalmol Suppl (Oxf) 1988;185:128-9.
- Edwards MH, Li Rw, Lam CS, et al. The Hong Kong progressive lens myopia control study: study design and main findings. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2002;43:2852-8.
- Gwiazda J, Hyman L, Hussein M, et al. A randomized clinical trial of progressive addition lenses versus single vision lenses on the progression of myopia in children. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2003;44:1492-500. https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.02-0816
- Walline JJ, Jones LA, Mutti DO, Zadnik K. A randomized trial of the effects of rigid contact lenses on myopia progression. Arch Ophthalmol 2004;122:1760-6. https://doi.org/10.1001/archopht.122.12.1760
- Walline JJ, Lindsley K, Vedula SS, et al. Interventions to slow progression of myopia in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2011;12:CD004916. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004916.
- Nichols JJ, Marsich MM, Nguyen M, et al. Overnight orthokeratology. Optom Vis Sci 2000;77:252-9.
- Swarbrick HA, Wong G, O'Leary DJ. Corneal response to orthokeratology. Optom Vis Sci 1998;75:791-9. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006324-199811000-00019
- Park YM, Lee JH, Park YK, et al. Effect of toric orthokeratology lenses in patients with limbus to limbus corneal astigmatism. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2015;56:830-4. https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2015.56.6.830
- Lee SH, Lee DH, Lee HK. Analysis of the cause of failure in the correction of childhood myopia using orthokeratologic lenses. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2015;56:317-22. https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2015.56.3.317
- Kim JR, Chung TY, Lim DH, Bae JH. Effect of orthokeratologic lenses on myopic progression in childhood. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2013;54:401-7. https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2013.54.3.401
- Lee WH, Park YK, Seo JM, Shin JH. The inhibitory effect of myopic and astigmatic progression by orthokeratology lens. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2011;52:1269-74. https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2011.52.11.1269
- Cheung SW, Cho P, Fan D. Asymmetrical increase in axial length in the two eyes of a monocular orthokeratology patient. Optom Vis Sci 2004;81:653-6. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.opx.0000144742.57847.b1
- Cho P, Cheung SW. Retardation of myopia in Orthokeratology (ROMIO) study: a 2-year randomized clinical trial. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2012;53:7077-85. https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.12-10565
- Charman WN, Mountford J, Atchison DA, Markwell EL. Peripheral refraction in orthokeratology patients. Optom Vis Sci 2006;83:641-8. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.opx.0000232840.66716.af
- Cho P, Cheung SW, Edwards M. The longitudinal orthokeratology research in children (LORIC) in Hong Kong: a pilot study on refractive changes and myopic control. Curr Eye Res 2005;30:71-80. https://doi.org/10.1080/02713680590907256
- Walline JJ, Jones LA, Sinnott LT. Corneal reshaping and myopia progression. Br J Ophthalmol 2009;93:2852-8.
- Kakita T, Hiraoka T, Oshika T. Influence of overnight orthokeratology on axial elongation in childhood myopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2011;52:2170-4. https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.10-5485
- Edwards MH. The development of myopia in Hong Kong children between the ages of 7 and 12 years: a five-year longitudinal study. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 1999;19:286-94. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1475-1313.1999.00445.x
- Jones LA, Mitchell GL, Mutti DO, et al. Comparison of ocular component growth curves among refractive error groups in children. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2005;46:2317-27. https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.04-0945
- Hyman L, Gwiazda J, Hussein M, et al. Relationship of age, sex, ethnicity with myopia progression and axial elongation in the correction of myopia evaluation trial. Arch Ophthalmol 2005;123:977-87. https://doi.org/10.1001/archopht.123.7.977
- Goss DA, Winkler RL. Progression of myopia in youth: age of cessation. Am J Optom Vis Sci 1983;83:651-8.
- Hiraoka T, Kakita T, Okamoto F, et al. Long-term effect of overnight orthokeratology on axial length elongation in childhood myopia: a 5-year follow-up study. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2012;53:3913-9. https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.11-8453
- Charm J, Cho P. High myopia-partial reduction ortho-k: a 2-year randomized study. Optom Vis Sci 2013;90:530-9. https://doi.org/10.1097/OPX.0b013e318293657d
- Fu AC, Chen XL, Lv Y, et al. Higher spherical equivalent refractive errors is associated with slower axial elongation wearing orthokeratology. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2016;39:62-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clae.2015.07.006
- Zhong Y, Chen Z, Xue F, et al. Corneal power change is predictive of myopia progression in orthokeratology. Optom Vis Sci 2014;91:404-11. https://doi.org/10.1097/OPX.0000000000000183
- Santodomingo-Rubido J, Villa-Collar C, Gilmartin B, et al. Factors preventing myopia progression with orthokeratology correction. Optom Vis Sci 2013;90:1225-36. https://doi.org/10.1097/OPX.0000000000000034
Cited by
- Long-term Effect of Orthokeratology Lenses on Axial Length Elongation in Myopia: 2-3 Years Follow-up Study vol.61, pp.8, 2018, https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2020.61.8.897