Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography (한국측량학회지)

Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography (한국측량학회)
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Analysis of Thermal Heat Island Potential by Urbanization Using Landsat-8 Time-series Satellite Imagery

Landsat-8 시계열 위성영상을 활용한 도심지 확장에 따른 열섬포텐셜 분석

  • Kim, Taeheon (Dept. of Geospatial Information, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Lee, Won Hee (School of Convergence & Fusion System Engineering, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Han, Youkyung (School of Convergence & Fusion System Engineering, Kyungpook National University)
  • Received : 2018.07.27
  • Accepted : 2018.08.29
  • Published : 2018.08.31
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Abstract

As the urbanization ratio increases, the heat environment in cities is becoming more important due to the urban heat island. In this study, the heat island spatial analysis was calculated and conducted for analysis of urban thermal environment of Sejong city, which was launched in 2012 and has been developed rapidly. To analyze the ratio and change rate of urban area, a multi temporal land cover map (2013 to 2015 and 2017) of study area is generated based on Landsat-8 OLI/TIRS (Operational Land Imager / Thermal Infrared Sensor) satellite imagery. Then, we select an TIR (Thermal Infrared) band from the two TIR bands provided by the Landsat-8, which is used for calculating the heat island potential, through the accuracy evaluation of the brightness temperature and AWS (Automatic Weathering Station) data. Based on the selected band and surface emissivity, land surface temperature is calculated and the estimated heat island potential change is analyzed. As a result, the land surface temperature of the high ratio and change rate of urban area was significantly higher than the surrounding area around $3^{\circ}C$ to $4^{\circ}C$, and the heat island potential was also higher around $4^{\circ}C$ to $5^{\circ}C$. However, the heat island phenomenon was alleviated in urban areas with high rate of change that also show high green area ratio. Therefore, we demonstrated that dense urban area increases the possibility of inducing heat island, but it can mitigate the heat island through green areas.

우리나라의 도시화 비율이 증가함에 따라 도시열섬으로 인한 도시 열 환경의 중요성이 증대되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 2012년에 출범하여 급속도로 발전을 이룬 세종특별자치시의 도시 열 환경 분석을 위해 열섬포텐셜을 이용하였다. 우선 도심지의 비율 및 변화율을 분석하기 위해 Landsat-8 OLI/TIRS 위성영상을 기반으로 연구지역의 시계열 토지피복도(2013년~2015년, 2017년)를 생성하였다. 그리고 취득된 위성영상에서 제공하는 두 가지 열적외선 밴드에서 산출된 밝기온도와 자동기상관측망 자료와의 정확도 평가를 통해 연구에 활용할 밴드를 선정하였다. 선정된 밴드와 지표면 방사율을 고려하여 지표면온도를 산출하였으며, 이를 기반으로 산출된 열섬포텐셜 변화분석을 수행하였다. 분석결과, 연구지역의 행정구역별 도심지 변화율이 크게 관측되는 지역의 지표면온도는 주변지역 보다 $3^{\circ}C{\sim}4^{\circ}C$ 높고, 열섬포텐셜 또한 $4^{\circ}C{\sim}5^{\circ}C$ 높게 관측되었다. 하지만 도심지 변화율이 크고 녹지의 비율이 높은 지역에서는 열섬현상이 완화되는 경향을 보였다. 이를 통해 면적대비 도심지가 차지하는 비율이 높아지면 열섬을 유발할 가능성이 증가하지만 녹지를 통해 열섬을 완화 시킬 수 있다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

Keywords

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