Allergy, Asthma & Respiratory Disease

The Korean Academy of Asthma, Allergy and Clinical Immunology (대한천식알레르기학회)
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Relation of allergic rhinitis, allergen sensitization, and air pollutants in preschool children

학동전기 소아 알레르기비염의 알레르겐 감작과 대기오염과의 연관성

  • Kim, Yoo-Jin (Department of Pediatrics and Respiratory Disease Center, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Yoon, Shin-Ae (Department of Pediatrics and Respiratory Disease Center, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Woo, Sung-Il (Department of Pediatrics and Respiratory Disease Center, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine)
  • 김유진 (충북대학교병원 소아청소년과, 충북대학교병원 충청권역 호흡기전문질환센터) ;
  • 윤신애 (충북대학교병원 소아청소년과, 충북대학교병원 충청권역 호흡기전문질환센터) ;
  • 우성일 (충북대학교병원 소아청소년과, 충북대학교병원 충청권역 호흡기전문질환센터)
  • Received : 2017.09.27
  • Accepted : 2017.11.03
  • Published : 2018.07.31
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Abstract

Purpose: We aimed to investigate the prevalence and allergen sensitization of allergic rhinitis (AR) in preschool children. We assessed the relationship of AR, allergen sensitization, and air pollutants. Methods: Between 2012 and 2016 in Jincheon, skin prick testing and questionnaire survey were performed on 2,958 children. AR have diagnosed on the basis of current symptoms and sign of AR on the Korean International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire and 1 or more proven allergen sensitization. Results: A total of 2,052 children completed survey and skin prick testing, and were included in the analysis. The prevalence of AR symptom within last 12 months and AR were 27.0% and 10.9%, respectively. During study, both prevalences were increased from 20.1% and 8.6%, respectively in 2012 to 29.1% and 12.8%, respectively in 2016. The total inhalant allergen sensitization rate was 32.6%. The most common inhalant allergen was Dermatophagoides farinae (23.1%), followed by Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (22.5%), tree pollens (5.3%), weed pollens (5.2%), fungi (4.7%), dog hair (4.5%) cat fur (3.6%), grass pollens (1.1%), and cockroach (0.8%). Although there was no difference tree or weed pollen sensitization, pollen seasonal prevalence of current AR symptoms is highest in spring (80%) versus autumn (52.3%). Seasonal $PM_{10}$ (particulate matter with a median aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to $10{\mu}m$ in diameter) and $SO_2$ (sulfur dioxide) levels were correlated with the prevalence of seasonal AR symptoms. Pollen seasonal current AR symptoms were significantly related to seasonal pollen sensitization, but not inhalant allergens including dust mites. Conclusion: There was a rapid increasing prevalence of AR in preschool children in the areas of urbanization and industrialization. Pollen seasonal current AR symptoms have a close relationship with $PM_{10}$ and seasonal pollen sensitization.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : Chungbuk National University Hospital Clinical

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