Korean Circulation Journal

The Korean Society of Cardiology (대한심장학회)
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The Effects of Diet Alone or in Combination with Exercise in Patients with Prehypertension and Hypertension: a Randomized Controlled Trial

  • Lee, Chan Joo (Department of Health Promotion, Severance Hospital) ;
  • Kim, Ji Young (Department of Sport Industry Studies, Yonsei University College of Education) ;
  • Shim, Eugene (Department of Food and Nutrition, Soongeui Women's College) ;
  • Hong, Sung Hyun (Department of Sport Industry Studies, Yonsei University College of Education) ;
  • Lee, MiKyung (Department of Sport Industry Studies, Yonsei University College of Education) ;
  • Jeon, Justin Y. (Department of Sport Industry Studies, Yonsei University College of Education) ;
  • Park, Sungha (Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine)
  • Received : 2017.11.12
  • Accepted : 2018.03.14
  • Published : 2018.07.30
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Abstract

Background and Objectives: Supervised lifestyle interventions, including dietary and exercise programs, may be infeasible to implement in real-world settings. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a home-based lifestyle modification intervention on blood pressure (BP) management. Methods: Eighty-five patients aged over 20 years and diagnosed with prehypertension or mild hypertension were randomly assigned to an advice-only comparison group (C group, n=28), a Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet education group (D group, n=30), or a DASH and home-based exercise group (D+Ex group, n=27). The intervention lasted for 8 weeks. The primary outcome was the difference in office systolic blood pressure (SBP) before and after the study period (Trial registry at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01637909). Results: Seventy-two participants (87.8%) completed the trial. The degree of change in office SBP did not significantly differ among the intervention groups; however, the D+Ex group demonstrated a tendency toward decreased SBP. Upon analysis of 24-hour ambulatory BP measurements, daytime ambulatory SBP was significantly lower in the D+Ex group (134 mmHg; 95% confidence interval [CI], 131 to 137; p=0.011) than in the C group (139.5 mmHg; 95% CI, 130.9 to 137), and daytime ambulatory SBP was significantly decreased in the D+Ex group (-5.2 mmHg; 95% CI, -8.3 to -2.1; p=0.011) compared to the C group (0.4 mmHg, 95% CI, -2.5 to 3.3). Conclusions: In conclusion, lifestyle modification emphasizing both diet and exercise was effective for lowering BP and should be favored over diet-only modifications.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : Ministry of Health and Welfare, Sanofi-Aventis Korea Company

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