Korean Journal of Environmental Biology (환경생물)

Korean Society of Environmental Biology (한국환경생물학회)
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Species Diversity of Planktonic Copepods and Distribution Characteristics of Its Major Species in Coastal Waters of Korea

한국 연안에 출현하는 부유성 요각류의 종다양성과 주요 종의 분포특성

  • Seo, Min Ho (Marine Ecology Research Center) ;
  • Choi, Seo Yeol (Faculty of Marine Technology, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Park, Eun-Ok (Gwangju Jeonnam Research Institute) ;
  • Jeong, Dalsang (Department of Aquaculture, Korea National College of Agriculture and Fisheries) ;
  • Soh, Ho Young (Marine Ecology Research Center)
  • 서민호 (바다생태연구소(주)) ;
  • 최서열 (전남대학교 해양기술학부) ;
  • 박은옥 (광주전남연구원) ;
  • 정달상 (국립한국농수산대학 수산양식학과) ;
  • 서호영 (바다생태연구소(주))
  • Received : 2018.11.19
  • Accepted : 2018.11.22
  • Published : 2018.12.31
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Abstract

The Korean coast is divided into the West Korea Coastal zone (WKC), the South Coastal zone of Korea (SCK), the East Korea Coastal zone (EKC), and Jeju Coastal zone of Korea (JCK). Each coastal zone has different marine environment characteristics. This study analyzed zooplankton data of KOEM (Korea Environment Management Corporation) collected in the Korean coastal waters the spring and summer of 2015 and 2016. In spring, water temperature was lowest in the JCK, and gradually increased in the order of EKC, SCK, and WKC, while in summer lowest in WKC and increased in the order of EKC, SCK, and JCK. Salinity was lowest in WKC which had many rivers flowing inland, and increased in the order of SCK, EKC and JCK in spring. In summer it was lowest in JCK and increased toward WKC, SCK, and EKC. In summer, Chlorophyll-a concentrations were generally low, but was lowest in JCK in spring. In the study area, a total of 77 species occurred, of which 50 species did in spring and 65 species in summer. The number of species was lowest in JCK and highest in SCK in spring and summer, respectively. Paracalanus parvus s. l. was the most dominant species or the second dominant species in Korean coastal areas in spring, but it was predominant in summer. In addition, in spring Acartia hongi, Calanus sinicus, Oithona similis were predominant in WKC, Oithona similis and Corycaeus affinis in SCK, O. similis and Corycaeus sp. in EKC, C. affinis and O. setigera in JCK. In summer Corycaeus spp., O. similis, A. hongi, Tortanus forcipatus were predominant in WKC, C. affinis, Pseudodiaptomus marinus in SCK, O. similis, A. omorii, Corycaeus sp. in EKC, and A. steueri, A. pacifica, Oithona sp., C. sinicus in JCK. The copepod community in the Korean coastal areas were classified into four areas, WKC-western SCK, eastern SCK, EKC and JCK according to differences in environmental factors such as water temperature, salinity, Chl-a concentration, and suspended matter concentration of each coastal area.

각기 다른 해양 환경 특성을 보이는 서해, 남해, 동해, 제주연안역을 대상으로 춘계(5월)와 하계(8월)에 출현한 부유성 요각류의 군집구조에 대하여 분석하였다. 봄과 여름에 출현한 부유성 요각류는 총 73종이었으며, 이 중 연안종이 28종이었다. 봄(49종)에 비해 여름(58종)에 출현 종이 다양하였다. 요각류 출현 개체수는 봄과 여름 Chl-a 농도가 낮게 나타난 동해연안해역에서 가장 낮았으며, 봄에 Chl-a 농도가 높게 나타난 서해연안해역에서 출현 개체수가 높게 나타났다. 그러나 여름에 제주연안해역에서 Chl-a 농도가 $0.6{\mu}g\;L^{-1}$으로 낮게 나타났으나, 높은 출현 개체수를 보였다. 봄에 한국 연안에서 우점적으로 출현하는 요각류는 Acartia hongi, A. ohtsukai, Paracalanus parvus s. l., Oithona similis 이었다. 여름에는 이들 종 이외에 A. omorii, A. pacifica, A. steueri, Calanus sinicus, Corycaeus affinis, Corycaeus sp., Pseudodaiptomus marinus, Tortanus forcipatus이었다. Paracalanus parvus s. l.은 봄에 조사 해역에서 최우점종 또는 차우점종으로 생태적 지위를 달리하였으나, 여름에는 전조사해역에서 최우점종으로 출현하였다. 요각류 군집특성은 수온, 염분, Chl-a 농도 등의 환경 요인에 따라 서해, 남해, 동해, 제주 4구역으로 명확하게 구분되었다.

Keywords

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