Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture (한국환경농학회지)

The Korean Society of Environmental Agriculture (한국환경농학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effects of Incorporation of Green Manure Crops on the Growth of Watermelonand Soil Nitrate Nitrogen Concentration

풋거름작물의 토양환원이 수박의 생육 및 토양의 질산염 농도에 미치는 영향

  • Lim, Tae-Jun (Division for Korea Program on International Agriculture, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Park, Jin-Myeon (Horticultural and Herbal Crop Environment Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science) ;
  • Le, Seong-Eun (Horticultural and Herbal Crop Environment Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science)
  • 임태준 (농촌진흥청 국외농업기술과) ;
  • 박진면 (국립원예특작과학원 원예특작환경과) ;
  • 이성은 (국립원예특작과학원 원예특작환경과)
  • Received : 2018.02.02
  • Accepted : 2018.03.25
  • Published : 2018.03.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

BACKGROUND: In this study, we evaluated the effects of soil incorporation of hairy vetch (HV) or ryeas a green manure on the growth and yields of watermelon and soil nitrate nitrogen in a green house.. METHODS AND RESULTS: HV and rye were cultivated for 151 days after sowing on October 30th and incorporated into soil before transplanting watermelon. The amount of N added by soil incorporation of HV and rye were 79 kg/ha and 88 kg/ha, respectively. Five different N treatments for each of HV and rye were included as follows: green manure, green manure with urea at 25%, 50%or 75%, and 100% ureafor the N recommendation rate. The growth and fruit yield of watermelon were not different among the treatments of both HV and rye. Soil nitrate N content at both HV and rye treatments decreased continuously with the lapse of days after planting (DAP) and was lowest at 75 DAP: 44 mg/kg and 52 mg/kg the for the HV and rye treatment without urea, respectively. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that the N mineralized from the soil incorporated HV or rye accounts for an important portion of N available for the growth and fruit yield of watermelon. It can be suggested that the green manures, comparable to ureacould ensure the yield of watermelon, if soil nitrate N content isabove 40 mg/kg by soil incorporation of HV and rye during watermelon cultivation. However, further studies on the relationship between soil nitrate N content during cultivation periods and the fruit yield of watermelon are required.

수박 휴작기에 풋거름 작물로 헤어리베치와 호밀을 재배한 후 토양으로의 환원이 후작물 수박의 생육과 수량 그리고 토양의 질산태질소 함량에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 하였다. 파종 후 151일간 재배한 후에 헤어리베치와 호밀의 토양 질소 환원량은 각각 79 kg/ha와 88 kg/ha였다. 헤어리베치와 호밀은 시설하우스 한 동씩 두 동의 면적에 풋거름 작물구, 풋거름작물에 요소 25%, 50%, 75% 처리구, 요소 100% 등 5처리를 각각 두었다. 수박의 생육은 각각의 헤어리베치 및 호밀 처리에서 동일한 생육을 나타냈고 수박의 수량에서도 처리간의 통계적인 유의성은 없었다. 토양의 질산태 질소함량은 수박 정식 후 재배일수가 증가할수록 지속적으로 감소하여 정식 후 75일째에 가장 낮은 함량을 나타내었는데 호밀처리구는 호밀만 투입만 처리가 52 mg/kg으로 가장 낮았고, 헤어리베치 처리간 비교에서도 마찬가지로 헤어리베치만 공급한 처리가 가장 낮은 44 mg/kg이었다. 헤어리베치와 호밀 등 녹비작물만의 투입으로도 수박의 재배기간 동안에 토양의 질산태 질소가 40 mg/kg 이상으로 존재하여 화학비료의 추가적인 시비 없이도 동일한 생육을 보인 것으로 판단되었다. 하지만 수박의 수량과 재배기간에의 토양 중 질산태질소와의 관계에 대한 추가적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Binford, G. D., & Hansen, D. J. (2000). Diagnostic nitrogen tests for manure amended soil: Current status and future outlook. Northeast Regional Agricultural Engineering Service (NRAES). Extension, Ithach, New York, 130, 355-368.
  2. Choi, B. S., Jung, J. A., Oh, M. K., Jeon, S. H., Goh, H. G., Ok, Y. S., & Sung, J. K. (2010). Effects of green manure crops on improvement of chemical and biological properties in soil. Korean Journalof Soil Science and Fertilizer, 43(5), 650-658.
  3. Fageria, N. K., Baligar, V. C., & Bailey, B. A. (2005). Role of cover crops in improving soil and row crop productivity. Communication Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 36(19-20), 2733-2757. https://doi.org/10.1080/00103620500303939
  4. Hartz, T. K., Bendixen, W. E., & Wierdsma, L. (2000). The value of presidedress soil nitrate testing as a nitrogen management tool in irrigated vegetable production. Hortscience, 35(4), 651-656.
  5. Heckman, J. R., Hlubik, W. T., Prostak, D. J., & Paterson, J. W. (1995). Pre-sidedress soil nitrate test for sweet corn. Hortscience, 30(5), 1033-1036.
  6. Heckman, J. R., Morris, T., Sims, J. T., Sieczka, J. B., Krogmann, U., Nitzche, P., & Ashley, R. (2002). Presidedress soil nitrate test is effective for fall cabbabe. Hortscience, 37(1), 113-117.
  7. Jeon, W. T., Seong, K. Y., Lee, J. .K, Kim, M. T., & Cho, H. S. (2009). Effects of seeding rate on hairy vetch (Viciavillosa)-rye(Secalecereal) mixtures for green manure production in upland soil. Korean Journal of Crop Science, 54(3), 327-331.
  8. Jung, Y. J., Nou, I. S., & Kang, K. K. (2015). Effects of green manure crops on tomato growth and soil improvement for reduction of continuous cropping injury through crop rotation in greenhouse. Korean Journal of Plant Resources, 28(2), 263-270. https://doi.org/10.7732/kjpr.2015.28.2.263
  9. Kang, S. S., Lee, J. Y., Sung, J. K., Gong, H. Y., Jung, H. J., Park, C. H., Yun, Y. U., Kim, M. S. & Kim, Y. H. (2011). Recommendation of the amount of nitrogen top dressing based on soil nitrate nitrogen content for leaf perilla (Perillafrutescens) under the plastic film house. Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer, 44(6), 1112-1117. https://doi.org/10.7745/KJSSF.2011.44.6.1112
  10. Kim, K. M., Lee, B. J., & Cho, Y. S. (2012). Differences of soil carbon by green manure crops in rotated cropping system. Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer, 45(6), 1027-1031. https://doi.org/10.7745/KJSSF.2012.45.6.1027
  11. Lee, C. H., Lim, T. J., Kang, S. S., Kim, M. S., & Kim, Y. H. (2012). Relationship between cucumber yield and nitrate concentration in plastic film house with ryegrass application. Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer, 45(6), 943-948. https://doi.org/10.7745/KJSSF.2012.45.6.943
  12. Lee, I. B., Park, J. M., Lim, J. H., & Hwang, K. S. (2006). Growth and yield response of the following tomato crop according to incorporation of green manures into soil. Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture, 25(4), 346-351. https://doi.org/10.5338/KJEA.2006.25.4.346
  13. Lee, Y. H., Lee, S. M., Sung, J. K., Han, H. S., Ahn, J. W., Kwak, C. G., & Kim, W. S. (2011). Soil properties and growth and yield of rice affected by compost, rice straw and hairy vetch. Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture, 19(3), 397-404.
  14. Lim, T. J., Kim, K. I., Park, J. M., Lee, S. E., & Hong, S. D. (2012). The use of green manure crops as a nitrogen source for lettuce and Chinese cabbage production in greenhouse. Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture, 31(3), 212-216. https://doi.org/10.5338/KJEA.2012.31.3.212
  15. Lim, W, S., Lee, H. H., Hong, C. O. (2014). Nitrogen dynamics in the soils incorporated with single and mixture application of hairy vetch and barley. Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture, 33(4), 298-305. https://doi.org/10.5338/KJEA.2014.33.4.298
  16. Mulvaney, R. L. (1996). Nitrogen-inorganic forms. Methods of soil analysis. Part 3.SSSA Book Series No 5.SSSA and ASA, pp. 1185-1200, Madison, WI, USA.
  17. Park, S. T., Jeon, W. T., Kim, M. T., Sung, K. Y., Ku, J. H., Oh, I. S., Lee, B. K., Yoon, Y. H., & Lee, J. K. (2008). Understanding of environmental friendly agriculture and rice production using green manure crops. RDA, Suwon, Korea, 20-21.
  18. Seo, H. K., Jung, Y. J., Lee, I. H., Kim, M. D., & Kang, K. K. (2014). Effects of green manure crops on tomato growth and soil improvement for reduction of continuous cropping injury through crop rotation in greenhouse, 75-76.
  19. Song, B. H., Lee, K. A., Jeon, W. T., Kim, M. T., Cho, H. S., Oh, I. S., Kim, C. G., & Kang, U. G. (2010). Effects of green manure crops of Legume and Gramineae on growth responses and yield in rice cultivation with respect to environment friendly agriculture. Korean Journal of crop science, 55(2), 144-150.
  20. Wagger, M. G. (1989).Time of desiccation effects on plant composition and subsequent nitrogen release from several winter annual cover crops. Agronomy Journal, 81(2), 236-241. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1989.00021962008100020020x
  21. Won, J. G, Jang, K. S., Hwang, J. E., Kwon, O. H., Kwon, T. Y., & Cho, J. R. (2012). Effect of tillage and no-tillage of winter green manure crops on yield of red pepper in plastic film house. Weed & Turfgrass Science, 1(4), 18-23. https://doi.org/10.5660/WTS.2012.1.4.018