Geomechanics and Engineering

  • 제15권4호
  • /
  • Pages.1005-1016
  • /
  • 2018
  • /
  • 2005-307X(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2092-6219(eISSN)
테크노프레스 (Techno-Press)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Reuse of dredged sediments as pavement materials by cement kiln dust and lime treatment

  • Yoobanpot, Naphol (Soil Engineering Research Center, Department of Civil Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok) ;
  • Jamsawang, Pitthaya (Soil Engineering Research Center, Department of Civil Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok) ;
  • Krairan, Krissakorn (Soil Engineering Research Center, Department of Civil Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok) ;
  • Jongpradist, Pornkasem (Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology) ;
  • Horpibulsuk, Suksun (School of Civil Engineering, and Center of Excellence in Innovation for Sustainable Infrastructure Development, Suranaree University of Technology)
  • 투고 : 2016.08.04
  • 심사 : 2018.01.15
  • 발행 : 2018.07.20
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

This paper presents an investigation on the properties of two types of cement kiln dust (CKD)-stabilized dredged sediments, silt and clay with a comparison to hydrated lime stabilization. Unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and California bearing ratio (CBR) tests were conducted to examine the optimal stabilizer content and classify the type of highway material. A strength development model of treated dredged sediments was performed. The influences of various stabilizer types and sediment types on UCS were interpreted with the aid of microstructural observations, including X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy analysis. The results of the tests revealed that 6% of lime by dry weight can be suggested as optimal content for the improvement of clay and silt as selected materials. For CKD-stabilized sediment as soil cement subbase material, the use of 8% CKD was suggested as optimal content for clay, whereas 6% CKD was recommended for silt; the overall CBR value agreed with the UCS test. The reaction products calcium silicate hydrate and ettringite are the controlling mechanisms for the mechanical performance of CKD-stabilized sediments, whereas calcium aluminate hydrate is the control for lime-stabilized sediments. These results will contribute to the use of CKD as a sustainable and novel stabilizer for lime in highway material applications.

키워드

과제정보

연구 과제 주관 기관 : King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi

참고문헌

  1. Abukhashaba, M.I., Mostafa, A.M. and Ihab, A.A. (2014), "Behavior of self-compacting fiber reinforced concrete containing cement kiln dust", Alexandria Eng. J., 53(2), 341-354. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aej.2014.03.006
  2. Al-Mukhtar, M., Lasledj, A. and Alcover, J.F. (2010), "Behaviour and mineralogy changes in lime-treated expansive soil at $20^{\circ}C$", Appl. Clay Sci., 50(2), 191-198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2010.07.023
  3. Aldaood, A., Marwen, B. and Mukhtar, M. (2014), "Soil-water characteristic curve of lime treated gypseous soil", Appl. Clay Sci., 102, 128-138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2014.09.024
  4. Amadi, A.A. (2014), "Enhancing durability of quarry fines modified black cotton soil subgrade with cement kiln dust stabilization", Transport. Geotech., 1(1), 55-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trgeo.2014.02.002
  5. Bahmani, S.H., Farzadnia, N., Asadi, A. and Huat, B.B. (2016), "The effect of size and replacement content of nano silica on strength development of cement treated residual soil", Constr. Build. Mater., 118, 294-306. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.05.075
  6. Bell, F.G. (1993), Engineering Treatment of Soils, E&FN Spon, London, U.K.
  7. Boutouil, M. and Levacher, D. (2005), "Effect of high initial water content on cement based treated sludge solidification", Proc. Inst. Civ. Eng. Ground Improv., 9(4), 169-174.
  8. Cardoso, R. and das Neves, E.M. (2012), "Hydro-mechanical characterization of lime-treated and untreated marls used in a motorway embankment", Eng. Geol., 133, 76-84.
  9. Carmona-Quiroga, P.M. and Blanco-Varela, M.T. (2013), "Ettringite decomposition in the presence of barium carbonate", Cement Concrete Res., 52, 140-148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2013.05.021
  10. Chian, S.C., Nguyen, S.T. and Phoon, K.K. (2016), "Extended strength development model of cement-treated clay", J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 142(2), 06015014. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0001400
  11. Dermatas, D., Dutko, P., Balorda-Barone, J. and Moon, D. H. (2003), "Evaluation of engineering properties of cement treated Hudson River dredged sediments for use as fill material", J. Mar. Environ. Eng., 7(2), 101-123.
  12. Draper, N.R. and Smith, H. (1998), Applied Regression Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, New York, U.S.A.
  13. Environmental Protection Agency (1993), Report to Congress on Cement Kiln Dust, EPA-530-R-94-001, Environmental Protection Agency, U.S.A.
  14. Farouk, A. and Shahien, M.M. (2013), "Ground improvement using soil-cement columns: Experimental investigation", Alexandria Eng. J., 52(4), 733-740. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aej.2013.08.009
  15. Haque, M.E., Nairuzzaman, M. and Imam, M.H. (2013), "X-ray diffraction studies of some Madhupur clay samples of Savar and Dhaka of Bangladesh with especial emphasis on clay minerals", J. Sci. Technol. Res., 2(10), 174-180.
  16. Hashad, A. and El-Mashad, M. (2014), "Assessment of soil mixing with cement kiln dust to reduce soil lateral pressure compared to other soil improvement methods", HBRC J., 10(2), 169-175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hbrcj.2013.10.004
  17. Hashemian, L., Kavussi A. and Aboalmaali, H.H. (2014), "Application of foam bitumen in cold recycling and hydrated lime in airport pavement strengthening", Case Stud. Constr. Mater., 1, 164-171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2014.08.002
  18. Hayes, J.B., Wang, J., Roessler, J.G., Ferraro, C.C., Wu, C.Y., Deford, D. and Townsend, T.G. (2015), "Evaluation of leaching of trace metals from concrete amended with cement kiln bag house filter dust", Resour. Conserv. Recy., 94, 92-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2014.11.012
  19. Horpibulsuk, S., Rachan, R., Chinkulkijniwat, A., Raksachon, Y. and Suddeepong, A. (2010), "Analysis of strength development in cement-stabilized silty clay from microstructural considerations", Constr. Build. Mater., 24(10), 2011-2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2010.03.011
  20. Huang, Y., Zhu, W., Zhang, C., Wang, S. and Zhang, N. (2010), Experimental Study on Dredged Material Improvement for Highway Subgrade Soil, in Paving Materials and Pavement Analysis, ASCE, 335-340.
  21. Ismaiel, H.A. (2013), "Cement kiln dust chemical stabilization of expansive soil exposed at El-Kawther Quarter, Sohag Region, Egypt", J. Geosci., 4(10), 1416-1424.
  22. Jaritngam, S., Swasdi, S., Tonnayopas, D. and Thongchim, P. (2008), "Improvement for subsoil by cement column: A case study in Thailand", Proceedings of the 13th International Conference of Hong Kong Society for Transportation, Hong Kong, December.
  23. Jiang, N.J., Du, Y.J., Liu, S.Y., Wei, M.L., Horpibulsuk, S. and Arulrajah, A. (2015), "Multi-scale laboratory evaluation of the physical, mechanical, and microstructural properties of soft highway subgrade soil stabilized with calcium carbide residue", Can. Geotech. J., 53(3), 373-383. https://doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2015-0245
  24. Kamali, S., Bernard, F. and Abriak, N.E. (2008), "Marine dredged sediments as new materials resource for road construction", Waste Manage., 28(5), 918-928.
  25. Kassim, K.A. (2009), The Nanostructure Study on the Mechanism of Lime Stabilised Soil, Research Vot No: 78011, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia.
  26. Khalid, B.N., Zaher, S.M. and Abdul-Khaliq, M.A. (2014), "Experimental investigation on using Cement Kiln Dust (CKD) as a cement replacement material in producing modified cement mortar", Constr. Build. Mater., 55, 5-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.01.015
  27. Kumar, B. and Puri, N. (2013), "Stabilization of weak pavement subgrades using cement kiln dust", J. Civ. Eng. Technol., 4(1), 26-37.
  28. Mackie, A., Boilard, S., Walsh, M.E. and Lake, C.B. (2010), "Physicochemical characterization of cement kiln dust for potential reuse in acidic waste water treatment", J. Hazard. Mater., 173(1-3), 283-291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.08.081
  29. Mahmoud, E.K. (2014), "Application of cement kiln dust for chemically enhanced primary treatment of municipal waste water", Desalin. Water Treat., 52(25-27), 4698-4704. https://doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2013.810384
  30. Maslehuddin, M., Al-Amoudi, O.S.B., Rahman, M.K., Ali, M.R. and Barry, M.S. (2009), "Properties of cement kiln dust concrete", Constr. Build. Mater., 23(6), 2357-2361. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2008.11.002
  31. Miller, G.A. and Azad, S. (2000), "Influence of soil type on stabilization with cement kiln dust", Constr. Build. Mater., 14(2), 89-97. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0950-0618(00)00007-6
  32. Modoni, G. and Bzowka J. (2012), "Analysis of foundation reinforced with jet grouting", J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 138(12), 1442-1454. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0000718
  33. Modoni, G., Flora A., Lirer S., Ochmanski M., and Croce P., (2016), "Design of jet grouted excavation bottom plugs", J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 142(7), 04016018. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0001436
  34. Najim, K.B., Mahmod, Z.S. and Atea, A.K.M. (2014), "Experimental investigation on using Cement Kiln Dust (CKD) as a cement replacement material in producing modified cement mortar", Constr. Build. Mater., 55, 5-12 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.01.015
  35. Ni, J.C. and Cheng, W.C. (2011), "Shield machine disassembly in grouted soils outside the ventilation shaft: A case history in Taipei Rapid Transit System (TRTSO)", Tunn. Undergr. Sp. Technol., 26(2), 435-443. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2010.11.015
  36. Ni, J.C. and Cheng, W.C. (2014), "Quality control of double fluid jet grouting below groundwater table: Case history", Soil. Found., 54(6), 1039-1053. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sandf.2014.11.001
  37. Ogundipe, O.M. (2013), "An investigation into the use of limestabilized clay as subgrade material", J. Sci. Technol. Res., 2(10), 82-86.
  38. Oh, H., Lee, J., Banthia, N. and Talukdar, S. (2011), "An experimental study of the physicochemical properties of a cement matrix containing dredged materials", Mater. Sci. Appl., 2(7), 847-857.
  39. Osinubi, K.J., Oyelakin, M.A. and Eberemu, A.O. (2011), "Improvement of black cotton soil with ordinary portland cement-locust bean waste ash blend", EJGE, 16, 619-627.
  40. Park, D., Vo, H. and Lim, Y. (2014), Recycling of Dredged Soil Waste Using Air-Foam Stabilization Method as Highway Construction Material, in Innovative and Sustainable Use of Geomaterials and Geosystems, ASCE, 41-48.
  41. Peethamparan, S., Olek, J. and Diamond, S. (2009), "Mechanism of stabilization of Na-montmorillonite clay with cement kiln dust", Cement Conrete Res., 39(7), 580-589. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2009.03.013
  42. Pourakbar, S., Asadi, A., Huat, B.B. and Fasihnikoutalab, M. H. (2015), "Stabilization of clayey soil using ultrafine palm oil fuel ash (POFA) and cement", Transport. Geotech., 3, 24-35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trgeo.2015.01.002
  43. Rahman, M.K., Rehman, S. and Al-Amoudi, O.S.B. (2011), "Literature review on cement kiln dust usage in soil waste stabilization and experimental investigation", J. Res. Rev. Appl. Sci., 7(1), 77-87.
  44. Ramesh, H.N., Krishnaiah, A.J. and Supriya, M.D. (2012), "Effect of lime on the compaction and strength behaviour of red earth treated with mine tailings", IOSR J. Mech. Civ. Eng., 2(4), 1-6.
  45. Rekik, B. and Boutouil, M. (2009), "Geotechnical properties of dredged marine sediments treated at high water/cement ratio", Geo-Mar. Lett., 29(3), 171-179.
  46. Salem, W.M., Sayed, W.F., Halawyb, S.A. and Elamary, R.B. (2015), "Physico chemical and microbiological characterization of cement kiln dust for potential reuse in wastewater treatment", Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf., 119, 155-161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.05.012
  47. Selvi, P. (2015), "Fatigue and rutting strain analysis on lime stabilized subgrades to develop a pavement design chart", Transport. Geotech., 2, 86-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trgeo.2014.11.001
  48. Shen, S.L., Wang, Z.F. and Cheng, W.C. (2017), "Estimation of lateral displacement induced by jet grouting in clayey soils", Geotechnique, 67(7), 621-630. https://doi.org/10.1680/jgeot.16.P.159
  49. Shen, S.L., Wang, Z.F., Horpibulsuk, S. and Kim, Y.H. (2013a), "Jet grouting with a newly developed technology: The twin-jet method", Eng. Geol., 152(1), 87-95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2012.10.018
  50. Shen, S.L., Wang, Z.F., Sun, W.J., Wang, L.B. and Horpibulsuk, S. (2013b), "A field trial of horizontal jet grouting using the composite-pipe method in the soft deposits of Shanghai", Tunn. Undergr. Sp. Technol., 35, 142-151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2013.01.003
  51. Shen, S.L., Wang, Z.F., Yang, J. and Ho, E.C. (2013c), "Generalized approach for prediction of jet grout column diameter", J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 139(12), 2060-2069. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0000932
  52. Shen, S.L., Wu, H.N., Cui, Y.J. and Yin, Z.Y. (2014), "Long-term settlement behaviour of metro tunnels in the soft deposits of Shanghai", Tunn. Undergr. Sp. Technol., 40, 309-323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2013.10.013
  53. Siddique, R. and Rajor, A. (2012), "Use of cement kiln dust in cement concrete and its leachate characteristics", Resour. Conserv. Recy., 61, 59-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2012.01.006
  54. Stoltz, G., Cuisinier, O. and Masrouri, F. (2012), "Multi-scale analysis of the swelling and shrinkage of a lime-treated expansive clayey soil", Appl. Clay Sci., 61, 44-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2012.04.001
  55. Tenando, E. (2004), "Strength properties and mineralogy of Singapore old alluvium", Ph.D. Dissertation, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
  56. Thai Marine Department (2015), Annual Report 2015, Bangkok, Thailand.
  57. Tutumluer, E. and Al-Qadi, I.L. (2009), "Bearing capacity of roads, railways and airfields", Proceedings of the 8th International Conference (BCR2A'09), Champaign, Illinois, U.S.A., June-July.
  58. Umesha, T.S., Dinesh, S.V. and Sivapullaia, P.V. (2009), "Control of dispersivity of soil using lime and cement", J. Geol. 3(1), 8-16
  59. Vivek, S. and Rajesh, J. (2015), "Effect of Cement Kiln Dust (CKD) on engineering properties of black cotton soil", J. Innov. Res. Sci. Technol., 1(12), 86-90.
  60. Voottipruex, P. and Jamsawang, P. (2014), "Characteristics of expansive soils improved with cement and fly ash in Northern Thailand", Geomech. Eng., 6(5), 437-453. https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2014.6.5.437
  61. Wang, D., Abriak, N.E. and Zentar, R. (2013), "Strength and deformation properties of Dunkirk marine sediments solidified with cement, lime and fly ash", Eng. Geol., 166, 90-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2013.09.007
  62. Wang, J., Hayes, J., Wu, C., Townsend, T., Schert, J. and Vinson, T. (2014), "Characterization of vapor phase mercury released from concrete processing with bag house filter dust added cement", Environ. Sci. Technol., 48(4), 2481-2487. https://doi.org/10.1021/es4044962
  63. Wang, Z.F., Shen, S.L., Ho, C.E. and Kim, Y.H. (2013), "Investigation of field-installation effects of horizontal twin-jet grouting in Shanghai soft soil deposits", Can. Geotech. J., 50(3), 288-297. https://doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2012-0199
  64. Wu, H.N., Shen, S.L., Liao, S.M. and Yin, Z.Y. (2015), "Longitudinal structural modelling of shield tunnels considering shearing dislocation between segmental rings", Tunn. Undergr. Sp. Technol., 50, 317-323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2015.08.001
  65. Xu, L., Wang, P. and Zhang, G. (2012), "Formation of ettringite in Portland cement/calcium aluminate cement/calcium sulfate ternary system hydrates at lower temperatures", Constr. Build. Mater., 31, 347-352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.12.078
  66. Yi, Y., Gu, L. and Liu, S. (2015), "Microstructural and mechanical properties of marine soft clay stabilized by lime-activated ground granulated blast furnace slag", Appl. Clay Sci., 103, 71-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2014.11.005
  67. Yoobanpot, N. and Jamsawang, P. (2014), "Effect of cement replacement by rice husk ash on soft soil stabilization", Kasetsart J. Nat. Sci., 48(2), 323-332.
  68. Zhang, N., Shen, S.L., Wu, H.N., Chai, J.C., Xu, Y.S. and Yin, Z.Y. (2015), "Evaluation of effect of basal geotextile reinforcement under embankment loading on soft marine deposits", Geotext. Geomembr., 43(6), 506-514. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geotexmem.2015.05.005
  69. Zhang, X., Maria, M. and Gunn, M.J. (2015), "Mechanical properties and behaviour of a partially saturated lime-treated, high plasticity clay", Appl. Clay Sci., 193, 320-336.

피인용 문헌

  1. Effects of fly ash and slag content on the solidification of river-dredged sludge vol.39, pp.1, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1080/1064119x.2019.1677827
  2. Effects of soaking on a lime stabilized clay and implications for pavement design vol.24, pp.2, 2018, https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2021.24.2.115
  3. Compression behavior of cement-treated marine dredged clay in Dalian Bay vol.26, pp.4, 2021, https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2021.26.4.345