Hip & pelvis

The Korean Hip Society (대한고관절학회)
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Prevalence of Cam Deformity with Associated Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome in Hip Joint Computed Tomography of Asymptomatic Adults

  • Han, Jun (Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Ajou University College of Medicine) ;
  • Won, Seok-Hyung (Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Ajou University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Jung-Taek (Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Ajou University College of Medicine) ;
  • Hahn, Myung-Hoon (Department of Orthopaedic, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Dankook University College of Medicine) ;
  • Won, Ye-Yeon (Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Ajou University College of Medicine)
  • Received : 2017.03.14
  • Accepted : 2017.12.15
  • Published : 2018.03.01
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Abstract

Purpose: Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is considered an important cause of early degenerative arthritis development. Although three-dimensional (3D) imaging such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging are considered precise imaging modalities for 3D morphology of FAI, they are associated with several limitations when used in out-patient clinics. The paucity of FAI morphologic data in Koreans makes it difficult to select the most effective radiographical method when screening for general orthopedic problems. We postulate that there might be an individual variation in the distribution of cam deformity in the asymptomatic Korean population. Materials and Methods: From January 2011 to December 2015, CT images of the hips of 100 subjects without any history of hip joint ailments were evaluated. A computer program which generates 3D models from CT scans was used to provide sectional images which cross the central axis of the femoral head and neck. Alpha angles were measured in each sectional images. Alpha angles above $55^{\circ}$ were regarded as cam deformity. Results: The mean alpha angle was $43.5^{\circ}$, range $34.7-56.1^{\circ}$ (3 o'clock); $51.24^{\circ}$, range $39.5-58.8^{\circ}$(2 o'clock); $52.45^{\circ}$, range $43.3-65.5^{\circ}$(1 o'clock); $44.09^{\circ}$, range $36.8-49.8^{\circ}$(12 o'clock); 40.71, range $33.5-45.8^{\circ}$(11 o'clock); and $39.21^{\circ}$, range $34.1-44.6^{\circ}$(10 o'clock). Alpha angle in 1 and 2 o'clock was significantly larger than other locations (P<0.01). The prevalence of cam deformity was 18.0% and 19.0% in 1 and 2 o'clock, respectively. Conclusion: Cam deformity of FAI was observed in 31% of asymptomatic hips. The most common region of cam deformity was antero-superior area of femoral head-neck junction (1 and 2 o'clock).

Keywords

References

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