Allergy, Asthma & Respiratory Disease

The Korean Academy of Asthma, Allergy and Clinical Immunology (대한천식알레르기학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A survey of the domestic epidemiological characteristics and clinical manifestations of pertussis

단일기관에서 백일해 임상 양상에 대한 연구 및 국내 실태와의 비교

  • Yoon, Seock Hwa (Department of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Hong, Yong Hee (Department of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Hee Kyung (Department of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University Gumi Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Jong Hyun (Department of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University Gumi Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Shin, Meeyong (Department of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine)
  • 윤석화 (순천향대학교 의과대학 순천향대학교 부천병원 소아청소년과) ;
  • 홍용희 (순천향대학교 의과대학 순천향대학교 부천병원 소아청소년과) ;
  • 이희경 (순천향대학교 의과대학 순천향대학교 구미병원 소아청소년과) ;
  • 이종현 (순천향대학교 의과대학 순천향대학교 구미병원 소아청소년과) ;
  • 신미용 (순천향대학교 의과대학 순천향대학교 부천병원 소아청소년과)
  • Received : 2017.05.26
  • Accepted : 2017.07.19
  • Published : 2018.01.31
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Purpose: This report describes the results of a survey of the characteristics of pertussis in children from a single institution and compares it to data from the Korea Centers of Disease Control (KCDC). Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the medical records of 17 and 6 patients diagnosed with pertussis and parapertussis, respectively, at Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital from January 2005 to January 2017. Results: Of the 17 patients with pertussis, 9 were under 1 year of age (52.9%), 3 were aged between 1 and 10 years (17.6%), and 5 were over 10 years of age (29.4%). Seven patients (41.2%) had never received diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis vaccines, of which 5 were infants below 2 months of age and 2 were 10 years old and lived in China. Four patients showed the initial symptoms of cough in China. The sources of infection were the parents (2 cases) and the siblings (8 cases). All patients showed prolonged severe cough and the average duration of cough was 26 days. Severe symptoms, including dyspnea, cyanosis, apnea, and seizures, were observed in the children under 2 months of age. According to the recent 10-year KCDC data, the highest rate of pertussis diagnosis was noted in infants (47.8%), followed by adolescents (18.7%). Six patients with parapertussis also presented with prolonged severe cough without any other severe symptoms. Lymphocytosis was not found, unlike the patients with pertussis. Conclusion: The possibility of pertussis and parapertussis should be considered among patients with prolonged severe cough, especially in infants and adolescents.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : Soonchunhyang University

References

  1. Chen Z, Zhang J, Cao L, Zhang N, Zhu J, Ping G, et al. Seroprevalence of pertussis among adults in China where whole cell vaccines have been used for 50 years. J Infect 2016;73:38-44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2016.04.004
  2. Ibrahim NM, El-Kady EM, Eissa SA, Wahby AF. Assessment of antibody level and avidity against Bordetella pertussis in a cohort of Egyptian individuals aged 1-18 years. J Adv Res 2016;7:105-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2015.03.002
  3. Edwards KM. Overview of pertussis: focus on epidemiology, sources of infection, and long term protection after infant vaccination. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2005;24(6 Suppl):S104-8. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.inf.0000166154.47013.47
  4. Pimentel AM, Baptista PN, Ximenes RA, Rodrigues LC, Magalhaes V; Pert-Pertussis Study Group, et al. Pertussis may be the cause of prolonged cough in adolescents and adults in the interepidemic period. Braz J Infect Dis 2015;19:43-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2014.09.001
  5. Teepe J, Broekhuizen BD, Ieven M, Loens K, Huygen K, Kretzschmar M, et al. Prevalence, diagnosis, and disease course of pertussis in adults with acute cough: a prospective, observational study in primary care. Br J Gen Pract 2015;65:e662-7. https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp15X686917
  6. Ewanowich CA, Chui LW, Paranchych MG, Peppler MS, Marusyk RG, Albritton WL. Major outbreak of pertussis in northern Alberta, Canada: analysis of discrepant direct fluorescent-antibody and culture results by using polymerase chain reaction methodology. J Clin Microbiol 1993;31: 1715-25.
  7. Winter K, Harriman K, Zipprich J, Schechter R, Talarico J, Watt J, et al. California pertussis epidemic, 2010. J Pediatr 2012;161:1091-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2012.05.041
  8. Munoz FM. Pertussis in infants, children, and adolescents: diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. Semin Pediatr Infect Dis 2006;17:14-9. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.spid.2005.11.005
  9. Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Disease web statistics system [Internet]. Cheongju: Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2016 [cited 2016 Dec 1]. Available from: https://is.cdc.go.kr/dstat/index.jsp.
  10. Wood N, McIntyre P. Pertussis: review of epidemiology, diagnosis, management and prevention. Paediatr Respir Rev 2008;9:201-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prrv.2008.05.010
  11. Kwon HJ, Yum SK, Choi UY, Lee SY, Kim JH, Kang JH. Infant pertussis and household transmission in Korea. J Korean Med Sci 2012;27:1547-51. https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2012.27.12.1547
  12. Bolding J, Kamat D. Whooping cough caused by bordetella parapertussis. Infect Med 2004;21:305-7.
  13. Hong JY. Update on pertussis and pertussis immunization. Korean J Pediatr 2010;53:629-33. https://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2010.53.5.629
  14. Han YI, Choi JY, Lee H, Lee TJ. Active surveillance of pertussis in infants under 6 months of age: a single center experience from 2011 to 2013. Korean J Pediatr Infect Dis 2014;21:114-20. https://doi.org/10.14776/kjpid.2014.21.2.114
  15. Tsang RS, Lau AK, Sill ML, Halperin SA, Van Caeseele P, Jamieson F, et al. Polymorphisms of the fimbria fim3 gene of Bordetella pertussis strains isolated in Canada. J Clin Microbiol 2004;42:5364-7. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.42.11.5364-5367.2004
  16. Packard ER, Parton R, Coote JG, Fry NK. Sequence variation and conservation in virulence-related genes of Bordetella pertussis isolates from the UK. J Med Microbiol 2004;53(Pt 5):355-65. https://doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.05515-0
  17. Mastrantonio P, Spigaglia P, van Oirschot H, van der Heide HG, Heuvelman K, Stefanelli P, et al. Antigenic variants in Bordetella pertussis strains isolated from vaccinated and unvaccinated children. Microbiology 1999; 145(Pt 8):2069-75. https://doi.org/10.1099/13500872-145-8-2069
  18. Kim SH, Lee J, Sung HY, Yu JY, Kim SH, Park MS, et al. Recent trends of antigenic variation in Bordetella pertussis isolates in Korea. J Korean Med Sci 2014;29:328-33. https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2014.29.3.328
  19. Yoo S, Ahn KO, Park EH, Cho HS, Park CY, Lee HR. Epidemiologic and clinical deatures of pertussis in children (2000.3-2001.3). J Korean Pediatr Soc 2002;45:603-8.
  20. Lee SY, Han SB, Kang JH, Kim JS. Pertussis prevalence in Korean adolescents and adults with persistent cough. J Korean Med Sci 2015;30:988-90. https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2015.30.7.988
  21. Lee SY, Choi UY, Kim JS, Ahn JH, Choi JH, Ma SH, et al. Immunoassay of pertussis according to ages. Korean J Pediatr Infect Dis 2012;19:55-60. https://doi.org/10.14776/kjpid.2012.19.2.55
  22. Rothstein E, Edwards K. Health burden of pertussis in adolescents and adults. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2005;24(5 Suppl):S44-7. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.inf.0000160912.58660.87
  23. Forsyth K, Tan T, von Konig CH, Caro JJ, Plotkin S. Potential strategies to reduce the burden of pertussis. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2005;24(5 Suppl): S69-74. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.inf.0000160917.29723.03
  24. Van Buynder PG, Owen D, Vurdien JE, Andrews NJ, Matthews RC, Miller E. Bordetella pertussis surveillance in England and Wales: 1995-7. Epidemiol Infect 1999;123:403-11. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950268899003052
  25. Cherry JD, Grimprel E, Guiso N, Heininger U, Mertsola J. Defining pertussis epidemiology: clinical, microbiologic and serologic perspectives. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2005;24(5 Suppl):S25-34. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.inf.0000160926.89577.3b
  26. Rendi-Wagner P, Tobias J, Moerman L, Goren S, Bassal R, Green M, et al. The seroepidemiology of Bordetella pertussis in Israel--Estimate of incidence of infection. Vaccine 2010;28:3285-90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.02.104
  27. Kim MR, Kang HJ, Lee HJ. Diagnosis of bordetella pertussis infections by polymerase chain reaction. J Korean Pediatr Soc 1996;39:1260-70.
  28. Riffelmann M, Wirsing von Konig CH, Caro V, Guiso N; Pertussis PCR Consesus Group. Nucleic Acid amplification tests for diagnosis of Bordetella infections. J Clin Microbiol 2005;43:4925-9. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.43.10.4925-4929.2005
  29. Heininger U, Kleemann WJ, Cherry JD; Sudden Infant Death Syndrome Study Group. A controlled study of the relationship between Bordetella pertussis infections and sudden unexpected deaths among German infants. Pediatrics 2004;114:e9-15. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.114.1.e9
  30. Halasa NB, Barr FE, Johnson JE, Edwards KM. Fatal pulmonary hypertension associated with pertussis in infants: does extracorporeal membrane oxygenation have a role? Pediatrics 2003;112(6 Pt 1):1274-8. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.112.6.1274
  31. Ntezayabo B, De Serres G, Duval B. Pertussis resurgence in Canada largely caused by a cohort effect. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2003;22:22-7. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006454-200301000-00009
  32. Granstrom M, Granstrom G, Gillenius P, Askelof P. Neutralizing antibodies to pertussis toxin in whooping cough. J Infect Dis 1985;151:646-9. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/151.4.646