Korean Chemical Engineering Research

  • 제56권3호
  • /
  • Pages.361-369
  • /
  • 2018
  • /
  • 0304-128X(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2233-9558(eISSN)
한국화학공학회 (The Korean Institute of Chemical Engineers)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Preparation of Highly Tough Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA) Heterogeneous Cation Exchange Membranes and Their Properties of Desalination

  • Kim, In Sik (Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, College of Engineering, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Ko, Dae Young (Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, College of Engineering, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Canlier, Ali (Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, College of Engineering, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Hwang, Taek Sung (Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, College of Engineering, Chungnam National University)
  • 투고 : 2018.02.22
  • 심사 : 2018.03.21
  • 발행 : 2018.06.01
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

A manufacturing method has been devised to prepare novel heterogeneous cation exchange membranes by mixing ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymers with a commercial cation exchange resin. Optimum material characteristics, mixture ratios and manufacturing conditions have been worked out for achieving favorable membrane performance. Ion exchange capacity, electrical resistance, water uptake, swelling ratio and tensile strength properties were measured. SEM analysis was used to monitor morphology. Effects of vinyl acetate (VA) content, melt index (MI) and ion exchange resin content on properties of heterogeneous cation exchange membranes have been discussed. An application test was carried out by mounting a selected membrane in a membrane capacitive deionization (MCDI) system to investigate its desalination capability. 0.92 meq/g of ion exchange capacity, $8.7{\Omega}.cm^2$ of electrical resistance, $40kgf/cm^2$ of tensile strength, 19% of swelling ratio, 42% of water uptake, and 56.4% salt removal rate were achieved at best. VA content plays a leading role on the extent of physical properties and performance; however, MI is important for having uniform distribution of resin grains and achieving better ionic conductivity. Overall, manufacturing cost has been suppressed to 5-10% of that of homogeneous ion exchange membranes.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Khawaji, A. D., Kutubkhanah, I. K. and Wie, J. M., "Advances in Seawater Desalination Technologies," Desalination, 221(1-3), 47-69(2008). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2007.01.067
  2. Kim, Y. M., Kim, S. J., Kim, Y. S., Lee, S., Kim, I. S. and Kim, J. H., "Overview of Systems Engineering Approaches for a Large-scale Seawater Desalination Plant with a Reverse Osmosis Network," Desalination, 238(1-3), 312-332(2009). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2008.10.004
  3. Charcosset, C., "A Review of Membrane Processes and Renewable Energies for Desalination," Desalination, 245(1-3), 214-231 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2008.06.020
  4. Lee, K. P., Arnot, T. C. and Mattia, D., "A Review of Reverse Osmosis Membrane Materials for Desalination - development to Date and Future Potential," J. Membrane Science, 370(1-2), 1-22(2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2010.12.036
  5. Cho, C. H., Oh, K. Y., Kim, S. K., Yeo, J. G. and Sharma, P., "Pervaporative Seawater Desalination Using NaA Zeolite Membrane: Mechanisms of High Water Flux and High Salt Rejection," J. Membrane Science, 371(1-2), 226-238(2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2011.01.049
  6. Zhong, P. S., Widjojo, N., Chung, T. S., Weber, M. and Maletzko, C., "Positively Charged Nanofiltration (NF) Membranes via UV Grafting on Sulfonated Polyphenylenesulfone (sPPSU) for Effective Removal of Textile Dyes from Wastewater," J. Membrane Science, 417, 52-60(2012).
  7. Al-Rashdi, B. A. M., Johnson, D. J. and Hilal, N., "Removal of Heavy Metal Ions by Nanofiltration," Desalination, 315, 2-17(2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2012.05.022
  8. Cheng, S., Oatley, D. L., Williams, P. M. and Wright, C. J., "Characterisation and Application of a Novel Positively Charged Nanofiltration Membrane for the Treatment of Textile Industry Wastewaters," Water Research, 46(1), 33-42(2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2011.10.011
  9. Strathmann, H., "Electrodialysis, a Mature Technology with a Multitude of New Applications," Desalination, 264(3), 268-288 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2010.04.069
  10. Jones, R. J., Massanet-Nicolau, J., Guwy, A., Premier, G. C., Dinsdale, R. M. and Reilly, M., "Removal and Recovery of Inhibitory Volatile Fatty Acids from Mixed Acid Fermentations by Conventional Electrodialysis," Bioresource Technology, 189, 279-284(2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2015.04.001
  11. Bulejko, P., Stranska, E. and Weinertova, K., "Properties and Structure of Heterogeneous Ion-exchange Membranes after Exposure to Chemical Agents," J. Solid State Electrochemistry, 21(1), 111-124(2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-016-3341-1
  12. Koresh, J. and Soffer, A., "Double Layer Capacitance and Charging Rate of Ultramicroporous Carbon Electrodes," J. Electrochemical Society, 124(9), 1379-1385(1977). https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2133657
  13. Mitani, S., Lee, S. I., Yoon, S. H., Korai, Y. and Mochida, I., "Activation of Raw Pitch Coke with Alkali Hydroxide to Prepare High Performance Carbon for Electric Double Layer Capacitor," J. Power Sources, 133(2), 298-301(2004). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2004.01.047
  14. Zhao, R., Porada, S., Biesheuvel, P. M. and Van der Wal, A., "Energy Consumption in Membrane Capacitive Deionization for Different Water Recoveries and Flow Rates, and Comparison with Reverse Osmosis," Desalination, 330, 35-41(2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2013.08.017
  15. Hassanvand, A., Wei, K., Talebi, S., Chen, G. Q. and Kentish, S. E., "The Role of Ion Exchange Membranes in Membrane Capacitive Deionisation," Membranes, 7(3), 54(2017). https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes7030054
  16. Ramon, G. Z., Feinberg, B. J., and Hoek, E. M., "Membrane-based Production of Salinity-gradient Power," Energy & Environmental Science, 4(11), 4423-4434(2011). https://doi.org/10.1039/c1ee01913a
  17. Hosseini, S. M., Madaeni, S. S. and Khodabakhshi, A. R., "Preparation and Characterization of ABS/HIPS Heterogeneous Cation Exchange Membranes with Various Blend Ratios of Polymer Binder," J. Membrane Science, 351(1-2), 178-188(2010). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2010.01.045
  18. Sen, U., Usta, H., Acar, O., Citir, M., Canlier, A., Bozkurt, A. and Ata, A., "Enhancement of Anhydrous Proton Conductivity of Poly (vinylphosphonic acid)-Poly (2, 5-benzimidazole) Membranes via In Situ Polymerization," Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics, 216(1), 106-112(2015). https://doi.org/10.1002/macp.201400401
  19. Bouzek, K., Moravcova, S., Schauer, J., Brozova, L. and Pientka, Z., "Heterogeneous Ion-selective Membranes: the Influence of the Inert Matrix Polymer on the Membrane Properties," J. Applied Electrochemistry, 40(5), 1005-1018(2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10800-009-9974-3
  20. Gohil, G. S., Shahi, V. K. and Rangarajan, R., "Comparative Studies on Electrochemical Characterization of Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Type of Ion-exchange Membranes," J. Membrane Science, 240(1-2), 211-219(2004). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2004.04.022
  21. Vyas, P. V., Shah, B. G., Trivedi, G. S., Ray, P., Adhikary, S. K. and Rangarajan, R., "Characterization of Heterogeneous Anionexchange Membrane," J. of Membrane Science, 187(1-2), 39-46 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0376-7388(00)00613-X
  22. Kim, K. S., Kim, S. H. and Jung, I. H., "Preparation of a Heterogeneous Ion Exchange Membranes for Nickel Plating Rinse Waters Treatment by Electrodialysis," J. Ind. Eng. Chem. 12, 560(2001).
  23. Jeong, M. H., Ko, D. Y. and Hwang, T. S., "Preparation of Novel Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVdF) Cation Exchange Heterogeneous Membrane and Their Adsorption Properties of Ion Selectivity," Membr. J. 25, 431(2015). https://doi.org/10.14579/MEMBRANE_JOURNAL.2015.25.5.431
  24. Stael, G. C., Rocha, M. C. G., d'Almeida, J. R. M. and Ruiz, N. M. D. S., "Analysis of the Mechanical Properties and Characterization by Solid State $^{13}C$ NMR of Recycled EVA Copolymer/silica Composites," Materials Research, 8(3), 269-273 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-14392005000300008
  25. Jeong, K. S., Hwang, W. C. and Hwang, T. S., "Synthesis of an Aminated Poly(vinylidene fluride-g-4-vinyl benzyl chloride) Anion Exchange Membrane for Membrane Capacitive Deionization (MCDI)," J. Membrane Science, 495, 316-321(2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2015.08.005
  26. Fu, R. Q., Woo, J. J., Seo, S. J., Lee, J. S. and Moon, S. H., "Sulfonated Polystyrene/polyvinyl Chloride Composite Membranes for PEMFC Applications," J. Membrane Science, 309(1-2), 156-164(2008). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2007.10.013
  27. Li, X., Wang, Z., Lu, H., Zhao, C., Na, H. and Zhao, C., Electrochemical Properties of Sulfonated PEEK Used for Ion Exchange Membranes," J. Membrane Science, 254(1-2), 147-155(2005). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2004.12.051
  28. Hosseini, S. M., Madaeni, S. S., Khodabakhshi, A. R. and Zendehnam, A., "Preparation and Surface Modification of PVC/SBR Heterogeneous Cation Exchange Membrane with Silver Nanoparticles by Plasma Treatment," J. Membrane Science, 365(1-2), 438-446(2010). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2010.09.043
  29. Kumar, P., Dutta, K., Das, S. and Kundu, P. P., "Membrane Prepared by Incorporation of Crosslinked Sulfonated Polystyrene in the Blend of PVdF-co-HFP/Nafion: a Preliminary Evaluation for Application in DMFC," Applied Energy, 123, 66-74(2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.02.060
  30. Espert, A., Vilaplana, F. and Karlsson, S., "Comparison of Water Absorption in Natural Cellulosic Fibres from Wood and Oneyear Crops in Polypropylene Composites and its Influence on Their Mechanical Properties," Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 35(11), 1267-1276(2004). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2004.04.004
  31. Chen, S. X. and Lostritto, R. T., "Diffusion of Benzocaine in Poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Membranes: Effects of Vehicle Ethanol Concentration and Membrane Vinyl Acetate content," J. Controlled Release, 38(2-3), 185-191(1996). https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-3659(95)00119-0
  32. Jamroz, N. U., "Determination of Vinyl Acetate (VA) Content of Ethylene-vinyl Acetate (EVA) Copolymers in Thick Films by Infrared Spectroscopy," J. Chem. Soe. Pak. 25(2), 84-87(2003).
  33. Huang, J. C. and Wu, C. L., "Processability, Mechanical Properties, and Electrical Conductivities of Carbon Black-filled Ethylene-vinyl Acetate Copolymers," Advances in Polymer Technology, 19(2), 132-139(2000). https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1098-2329(200022)19:2<132::AID-ADV6>3.0.CO;2-B

피인용 문헌

  1. Ion-Exchange Materials for Membrane Capacitive Deionization vol.1, pp.2, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestwater.0c00123