White Bile in Malignant Biliary Obstruction: A Poor Prognostic Marker

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Gremida, Anas (Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico) ;
Rustagi, Tarun (Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico)

Hashmonai M, Kam I, Schramek A. The etiology of “white bile” in the biliary tree. J Surg Res 1984;37:479-486. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-4804(84)90217-8
Ahuja V, Garg PK, Kumar D, Goindi G, Tandon RK. Presence of white bile associated with lower survival in malignant biliary obstruction. Gastrointest Endosc 2002;55:186-191. https://doi.org/10.1067/mge.2002.121336
Geraci G, Sciume C, Pisello F, Li Volsi F, Facella T, Modica G. Presence of white bile in malignant biliary obstruction is associated with poor prognosis: personal preliminary observations. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2007;392:61-65. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00423-006-0101-1

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