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특허분석을 통한 철도차량용 추진제어장치 기술 분석

The Trend Analysis of Propulsion System for Railway Vehicle Using Patent Analysis

  • 한영재 (한국철도기술연구원 형식승인팀) ;
  • 이수길 (한국철도기술연구원 추진시스템연구팀) ;
  • 박찬경 (한국철도기술연구원 형식승인팀) ;
  • 김영국 (한국철도기술연구원 형식승인팀) ;
  • 배창한 (한국철도기술연구원 형식승인팀)
  • Han, Young-Jae (Railroad Type Approval Team, Korea Railroad Research Institute) ;
  • Lee, Su-Gil (Propulsion System Research Team, Korea Railroad Research Institute) ;
  • Park, Chan-Kyoung (Railroad Type Approval Team, Korea Railroad Research Institute) ;
  • Kim, Young-Guk (Railroad Type Approval Team, Korea Railroad Research Institute) ;
  • Bae, Chang-Han (Railroad Type Approval Team, Korea Railroad Research Institute)
  • 투고 : 2018.02.28
  • 심사 : 2018.05.04
  • 발행 : 2018.05.31

초록

본 연구에서는 철도차량 추진제어장치와 관련된 주요 국가의 기술개발 동향을 살펴보았다. 추진제어장치는 철도차량의 핵심장치로, 기술개발에 많은 시간이 들어가고, 대규모 투자비용이 투입된다. 따라서, 선진국들은 안전성, 신뢰성, 유지보수 편리성 등을 갖춘 기술개발을 위해 최대한 노력하고 있으며, 개발 후에도 타국으로의 기술 이전을 최대한 기피하고 있었다. 예를 들어, 일본 Toshiba는 3,300V/1,500A급 IGBT 소자를 새로 개발하였지만, 기술보호를 위해 외국에 수출도 꺼리고 있었다. 국내외 기술개발 동향 파악을 보다 정확하게 수행하기 위해, 추진제어장치에 대한 특허분석을 수행하였다. 먼저, 철도차량 인버터, 컨버터 등 전력변환장치에 대한 핵심기술을 Thomson Innovation DB를 이용하여 특허를 분석하였다. 이를 위해, 국가별, 연도별, 주요출원인별 특허 건수에 대하여 살펴보았다. 분석결과, 국가별 특허 출원 비중은 중국이 48%, 유럽 16.6%, 미국 14.9%의 순으로 파악되었다. 상위 10개 주요 출원인에 대한 특허현황 분석 결과, ABB 14%, GE 13%, CRRC 12% 순으로 조사되었다. 이와 함께, 시장확보력, 인용도, 영향력지수와 같은 질적 분석을 통해 기술개발 수준도 분석하였다. 특허분석 결과, 국내 출원인은 국외에서 실질적으로 특허를 보호받기 위한 노력이 상당히 저조하였다. 또한, 현재 국내에서 적용되고 있는 전동기의 대부분이 유도전동기이다. 선진국에서는 새로 발주되는 영업노선에서는 영구자석전동기를 이용하고 있기 때문에, 국내에서도 이에 대한 집중적인 투자가 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

In this study, we investigated the trend of technological development in major countries related to the propulsion equipment of railway vehicles. The propulsion system is the main equipment of electric vehicles. A lot of time and investment are required in order to ensure the development of technology. Therefore, developed countries have maximized their effort to develop technologies with safety, reliability, and convenience of maintenance. They have also done their utmost to prevent technology transfer to other countries after the development of new technologies. For example, Toshiba of Japan developed a new 3,300V/1,500 A class IGBT power device, but was reluctant to export it to foreign countries in order to protect this technology. In this study, we analyzed the patents applied for related to propulsion control systems and presented the direction of development during the technical development of these systems. The patent analysis of the core technologies was conducted using the Thomson Innovation DB. We examined the number of patents applied for by country, year and major applicant. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the proportion of patent applications per country was in the order of China, 48%, Europe 16.6%, and the United States 14.9%. The patent situation of the top 10 principal applicants revealed that (the top three were?) ABB 14%, GE 13%, and CRRC 12%. At the same time, we also conducted a qualitative analysis of the level of technical development by evaluating such factors as the influence index, quotation, market securing power and citation. Based on the result of the patent analysis, we presented the direction of technical development of the propulsion control equipment of railway vehicles. Based on the analysis results, it was found that domestic applicants considerably reduced their efforts to protect their patents from foreign companies. Nowadays, most of the electric motors used in Korea are induction motors. In advanced countries, permanent magnet electric motors are employed in new railway lines. Therefore, intensive investment is needed in new developments.

키워드

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