Development and Reproduction (한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식)

The Korean Society of Developmental Biology (한국발생생물학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Expressional Patterns of Connexin Isoforms in the Rat Epididymal Fat during Postnatal Development

  • Lee, Ki-Ho (Dept. of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Eulji University) ;
  • Kim, Nan Hee (Dept. of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Eulji University)
  • Received : 2018.01.30
  • Accepted : 2018.03.17
  • Published : 2018.03.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

In the multicellular tissue, cell-cell interaction is important for a precise control of its function. The exchange of signaling molecules between adjacent cells via connexon allows the functional harmony of cells in the tissue. The present research was to determine the presence and expressional patterns of connexin (Cx) isoforms in the rat epididymal fat during postnatal development using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. Of 13 Cx isoforms examined, expression of 11 Cx isoforms in the epididymal fat during postnatal development was detected. These Cx isoforms include Cx26, Cx31, Cx31.1, Cx32, Cx33, Cx36, Cx37, Cx40, Cx43, Cx45, and Cx50. Expressional levels of all Cx isoforms at 1 and 2 years of age were significantly higher than those at the early postnatal ages, such as 7 days, 14 days, and 24 days of ages. Except Cx33 and Cx43, the transcript levels of rest Cx isoforms at 1 year of age were significantly lower than that at 2 years of age. In addition, expressional patterns of Cx isoforms between 7 days and 5 months of ages generally varied according to the isoform. The existence of various Cx isoforms in the rat epididymal fat has been identified and expression of each Cx isoform in the epididymal fat during postnatal development has shown a particular pattern, distinguishable from the others. To our knowledges, this is the first report showing expressional patterns of Cx isoforms at transcript level in the epididymal fat at various postnatal ages.

Keywords

References

  1. Berry DC, Stenesen D, Zeve D, Graff JM (2013) The developmental origins of adipose tissue. Development 140:3939-3949. https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.080549
  2. Burke S, Nagajyothi F, Thi MM, Hanani M, Scherer PE, Tanowitz HB, Spray DC (2014) Adipocytes in both brown and white adipose tissue of adult mice are functionally connected via gap junctions: Implications for chagas disease. Microbes Infect 16:893-901. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micinf.2014.08.006
  3. Chu Y, Huddleston GG, Clancy AN, Harris RBS, Bartness TJ (2010) Epididymal fat is necessary for spermatogenesis, but not testosterone production or copulatory behavior. Endocrinology 151:5669-5679. https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2010-0772
  4. Cleary MP, Greenwood MRC, Brasel JA (1977) A multifactor analysis of growth in the rat epididymal fat pad. J Nutr 107:1969-1974. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/107.11.1969
  5. Cyr DG (2011) Connexins and pannexins: Coordinating cellular communication in the testis and epididymis. Spermatogenesis 1:325-338. https://doi.org/10.4161/spmg.1.4.18948
  6. Dieudonne MN, Pecquery R, Leneveu MC, Jaubert AM, Giudicelli Y (1995) Androgen receptors in cultured rat adipose precursor cells during proliferation and differentiation: Regional specificities and regulation by testosterone. Endocrine 3:537-41. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02738830
  7. Fruhbeck G (2008) Overview of adipose tissue and its role in obesity and metabolic disorders. Methods Mol Biol 456:1-22. doi: http://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-245- 8_1
  8. Goodenough DA, Goliger JA, Paul DL (1996) Connexins, connexons, and intercellular communication. Annu Rev Biochem 65:475-502. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.bi.65.070196.002355
  9. Han SY, Lee KH (2013) The expression patterns of connexin isoforms in the rat caput epididymis during postnatal development. J Anim Sci Technol 55:249-255. https://doi.org/10.5187/JAST.2013.55.4.249
  10. Hausman DB, DiGirolamo M, Bartness TJ, Hausman GJ, Martin RJ (2001) The biology of white adipocyte proliferation. Obes Rev 2:239-254. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1467-789X.2001.00042.x
  11. Heine PA, Taylor JA, Iwamoto GA, Lubahn DB, Cooke PS (2000) Increased adipose tissue in male and female estrogen receptor- ${\alpha}$ knockout mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97:12729-12734. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.23.12729
  12. Hejmej A, Kotula-Balak M, Sadowska J, Bilinska B (2007) Expression of connexin 43 protein in testes, epididymides and prostates of stallions. Equine Vet J 39:122-127. https://doi.org/10.2746/042516407X169393
  13. Hubbard RW, Matthew WT (1971) Growth and lipolysis of rat adipose tissue: Effect of age, body weight, and food intake. J Lipid Res 12:286-293.
  14. Johnson PR, Hirsch J (1972) Cellularity of adipose depots in six strains of genetically obese mice. J Lipid Res 13:2-11.
  15. Kim SN, Kwon HJ, Im SW, Son YH, Akindehin S, Jung YS, Lee SJ, Rhyu IJ, Kim IY, Seong JK, Lee J, Yoo HC, Granneman JG, Lee YH (2017) Connexin 43 is required for the maintenance of mitochondrial integrity in brown adipose tissue. Sci Rep 7:7159. doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-07658-y
  16. Kwak BR, Mulhaupt F, Veillard N, Gros DB, Mach F (2002) Altered pattern of vascular connexin expression in atherosclerotic plaques. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 22:225-230. https://doi.org/10.1161/hq0102.104125
  17. Liu LF, Shen WJ, Ueno M, Patel S, Kraemer FB (2011) Characterization of age-related gene expression profiling in bone marrow and epididymal adipocytes. BMC Genomics 12:212. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-12-212.
  18. Metz L, Gerbaix M, Masgrau A, Guillet C, Walrand S, Boisseau N, Boirie Y, Yves, Courteix D (2016) Nutritional and exercise interventions variably affect estrogen receptor expression in the adipose tissue of male rats. Nutr Res 36:280-289. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nutres.2015.12.003
  19. Penza M, Montani C, Romani A, Vignolini P, Pampaloni B, Tanini A, Brandi ML, Alonso-Magdalena P, Nadal A, Ottobrini L, Parolini O, Bignotti E, Calza S, Maggi A, Grigolato PG, Lorenzo DD (2006) Genistein affects adipose tissue deposition in a dose-dependent and gender-specific manner. Endocrinology 147:5740-5751. https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2006-0365
  20. Pinterova L, Krizanova O, Zorad S (2000) Rat epididymal fat tissue express all components of the renin-angiotensin system. Gen Physiol Biophys 19:329-334.
  21. Pointis G, Fiorinin C, Defamie N, Segretain D (2005) Gap junctional communication in the male reproductive system. Biochim Biophy Acta 1719:102-116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbamem.2005.09.017
  22. Willecke K, Eiberger J, Degen J, Eckardt D, Romualdi A, Guldenagel M, Deutsch U, Sohl G (2002) Structural and functional diversity of connexin genes in the mouse and human genome. Biol Chem 383:725-737.
  23. Yanagiya T, Tanabe A, Hotta K (2007) Gap-junctional communication is required for mitotic clonal expansion during adipogenesis. Obesity (Silver Spring) 15:572-582. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2007.547
  24. Zhu Y, Gao Y, Tao C, Shao M, Zhao S, Huang W, Yao T, Johnson JA, Liu T, Cypess AM, Gupta O, Holland WL, Gupta RK, Spray DC, Tanowitz HB, Cao L, Lynes MD, Tseng YH, Elmquist JK, Williams KW, Lin HV, Scherer PE (2016) Connexin 43 mediates white adipose tissue beiging by facilitating the propagation of sympathetic neuronal signals. Cell Metab 24:420-433. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2016.08.005