Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

The Korea Society for Parasitology and Tropical Medicine (대한기생충학·열대의학회)
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Monitoring of Noxious Protozoa for Management of Natural Water Resources

  • Bahk, Young Yil (Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Konkuk University) ;
  • Cho, Pyo Yun (Protist Resources Research Division, Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources Sciences) ;
  • Ahn, Sung Kyu (Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Inha University School of Medicine) ;
  • Park, Sangjung (Water Supply and Sewerage Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Jheong, Won Hwa (Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Park, Yun-Kyu (Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Inha University School of Medicine) ;
  • Shin, Ho-Joon (Department of Microbiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Kyonggi University) ;
  • Lee, Sang-Seob (Department of Life Science, Kyonggi University) ;
  • Rhee, Okjae (DK EcoV Environmental Microbiology Lab.) ;
  • Kim, Tong-Soo (Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Inha University School of Medicine)
  • Received : 2017.11.21
  • Accepted : 2018.03.19
  • Published : 2018.04.30
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Abstract

Waterborne parasitic protozoa, particularly Giardia lamblia and Cryptosporidium spp., are common causes of diarrhea and gastroenteritis worldwide. The most frequently identified source of infestation is water, and exposure involves either drinking water or recreation in swimming pools or natural bodies of water. In practice, studies on Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts in surface water are challenging owing to the low concentrations of these microorganisms because of dilution. In this study, a 3-year monitoring of Cryptosporidium parvum, Giardia lamblia, and Naegleria fowleri was conducted from August 2014 to June 2016 at 5 surface water sites including 2 lakes, 1 river, and 2 water intake plants. A total of 50 water samples of 40 L were examined. Cryptosporidium oocysts were detected in 22% of samples and Giardia cysts in 32%. Water at the 5 sampling sites was all contaminated with Cryptosporidium oocysts (0-36/L), Giardia cysts (0-39/L), or both. The geometric mean concentrations of Cryptosporidium and Giardia were 1.14 oocysts/L and 4.62 cysts/L, respectively. Thus, effective monitoring plans must take into account the spatial and temporal parameters of contamination because they affect the prevalence and distribution of these protozoan cysts in local water resources.

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References

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