Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine (대한예방한의학회지)

Society of Preventive Korean Medicine (대한예방한의학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Possibility of Managing Diseases Caused by Particulate Matter(PM10) with Chinese and Korean Medicines - Emphasis on Medical Prevention and Treatment -

미세먼지(霧霾)가 발생하는 질병과 중의학, 한의학의 관리가능성 - 예방과 치료를 중심으로-

  • Koh, WonJoon (College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University) ;
  • Ahn, JeongHoon (College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University) ;
  • Lee, Sundong (Dept. of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University)
  • 고원준 (상지대학교 한의과대학) ;
  • 안정훈 (상지대학교 한의과대학) ;
  • 이선동 (상지대학교 한의과대학 예방의학교실)
  • Received : 2018.03.29
  • Accepted : 2018.04.19
  • Published : 2018.04.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Objectives : This paper examines the effects of Particulate Matter on human bodies and the possibility of treating them with Chinese or Korean medicines. Methods : This paper categorizes the diseases caused by Particulate Matter, as well as the causes, pathology, prevention methods, and effectiveness of treatments by Chinese and Korean medicines. Based on these results, it analyzes whether such diseases can be managed by Chinese and Korean medicine. Results : Particulate Matter is known to affect respiratory organs, skin, circulatory system, nervous system, gestational diabetes, and other parts of the human body. While studies show evidence that treatments by Chinese and Korean medicines can reduce symptoms of some diseases and improve bodily functions that are damaged by Particulate Matter, there is no statistically significant evidence that they can provide fundamental treatments nor treat irreversible damages. Conclusion : Currently, there is no definite evidence that Chinese and Korean medicine can treat symptoms and diseases caused by Particulate Matter. Therefore, some Korean medicine doctors' arguments that Korean medicine is effective in treating such diseases are problematic, and thus, there is a need for much research in this field.

Keywords

References

  1. Donaldson,K. Seaton, A. A short history of the toxicology of inhaled particles, Part. Fibre. Toxicol. 2012;9(1):13. https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-8977-9-13
  2. Kim, K.H. Kabir, E. Kabir, S. A review on the human health impact of airborne particulate matter, Environ. Int. 2015;74:136-143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2014.10.005
  3. Pope III, C.A. Dockery, D.W. Health effects of fine particulate air pollution: lines that connect, J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. 2016;56:709-742.
  4. Research on setting standard of ambient pm 2.5. National Institute of Environmental Research, 2006.
  5. Z. Chen, J.N. Wang, Ma G.X, Zhang Y.S, China tackles the health effects of air pollution, Lancet. 2013;382:1959-1960. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(13)62064-4
  6. 张元兵, 雾霾中医辨治之管见, Traditional Chinese Medicine Journal, 2015;4:34-35.
  7. G. Oberdorster, Pulmonary effects of inhaled ultrafine particles, Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health 2000;74:1-8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s004200000185
  8. 高秀清, 中医治疗雾霾性肺损伤管见, 浙江中医药 大学学报, 2016;08:593.
  9. 刘娜, 从"燥、湿、毒"三邪论治雾霾相关性疾病, 2016;12;130.
  10. 王超群, 浅析雾霆咳嗽的发病特点及辩治思路, 黑龙江中医药, 2016.
  11. Cheng, Y.S. Aerosol deposition in the extrathoracic region, Aerosol Sci. Technol. 2003;37:659-671. https://doi.org/10.1080/02786820300906
  12. Oberdorster, G. Oberdorster, E. Oberdorster, J. Nanotoxicology: an emerging discipline evolving from studies of ultrafine particles, Environ. Health Perspect. 2005;113:823-839. https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.7339
  13. Mazaheri, M. S. Clifford, R. Jayaratne, M.A. Megat Mokhtar, F.Fuoco, G. Buonanno, L. Morawska, School children's personal exposure to ultrafine particles in the urban environment, Environ. Sci. Technol. 2014;48:113-120. https://doi.org/10.1021/es403721w
  14. T.Jasarevic, T. Glenn, Osseiran, N. (2014, March 25). 7 million premature deaths annually linked to air pollution. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/ releases/2014/air-pollution/en/2014.March25.
  15. World Health Organization International Agency for Research on Cancer Bitumens and Bitumen Emissions, and Some N- and S-Heterocyclic Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans Vol. 103 ISBN-13 : 978-92-832-0141-0.
  16. Knudsen, K.B. Northeved, H. Ek, P.K. Permin, A. Andresen, T.L. Larsen, S. Wegener, K.M. Lam, H.R. Lykkesfeldt, J. Differential toxicological response to positively and negatively charged nanoparticles in the rat brain, Nanotoxicology 2014;8:764-774.
  17. Minn, A. Leclerc, S. Heydel, J.M. Minn, A.L. Denizcot, C. Cattarelli, M. Netter, P. Gradinaru, D. Drug transport into the mammalian brain: the nasal pathway and its specific metabolic barrier, J. Drug Target. 2002;10:285-296. https://doi.org/10.1080/713714452
  18. Dorman, D.C. Struve, M.F. Wong, B.A. Dye, J.A. Robertson, I.D. Correlation of brain magnetic resonance imaging changes with pallidal manganese concentrations in rhesus monkeys following subchronic manganese inhalation, Toxicol. Sci. 2006;92:219-227. https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfj209
  19. Zhang, L. Bai, R. Li, B. Ge, C. Du, J. Liu, Y. L. L. Guyader, Zhao, Y. Wu, Y. He, S. Ma, Y. Chen, C. Rutile TiO2 particles exert size and surface coating dependent retention and lesions on the murine brain, Toxicol. Lett. 2011;207:73-81 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.08.001
  20. Mancebo, S.E. Wang, S.Q. Recognizing the impact of ambient air pollution on skin health, J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol. 2015;12:2326-2332
  21. Bennat, C. Müller-Goymann, C. Skin penetration and stabilization of formulations containing microfine titanium dioxide as physical UV filter, Int. J. Cosmet. Sci. 2000; 22:271-283. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1467-2494.2000.00009.x
  22. Magnani, N.D. Muresan, X.M. Belmonte, G. Cervellati, F. Sticozzi, C. Pecorelli, A. Miracco, Marchini, C. T. Evelson, P. Valacchi, G. Skin damage mechanisms related to airborne particulate matter exposure, Toxicol. Sci. 2016;149:227-236. https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfv230
  23. Gulson, B. McCall, M. Korsch, M. Gomez, L. Casey, P. Oytam Y,. Taylor, A. Kinsley, L. Greenoak, G. Small amounts of zinc from zinc oxide particles in sunscreens applied outdoors are absorbed through human skin, Toxicol. Sci. 2010;118:140-149. https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfq243
  24. Boyes, W.K. Chen, R. Chen, C. Yokel, R.A. The neurotoxic potential of engineered nanomaterials, Neurotoxicology 2012;33:902-910. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuro.2011.12.013
  25. Versura, P. Profazio, V. Cellini, M. Torreggiani, A. Caramazza, R. Eye discomfort and air pollution, Ophthalmologica 1999;213:103-109. https://doi.org/10.1159/000027401
  26. Goix, S. Leveque, T. Xiong, T.T. Schreck, E. Baeza-Squiban,A. Geret, F. Uzu, G. Austruy, A. Dumat, C. Environmental and health impacts of fine and ultrafine metallic particles: assessment of threat scores, Environ. Res. 2014;133:185-194 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2014.05.015
  27. Oberdorster, G. Pulmonary effects of inhaled ultrafine particles, Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health 2000;74:1-8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s004200000185
  28. Oberdorster, G. Oberdorster, E. J Oberdorster,. Nanotoxicology: an emerging discipline evolving from studies of ultrafine particles, Environ. Health Perspect. 2005;113:823-839. https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.7339
  29. Schmid, O. Moller, W. Semmler-Behnke, M. Ferron, G.A. Karg, E. Lipka, J. Schulz, H. Kreyling, W.G. Stoeger, T. Dosimetry and toxicology of inhaled ultrafine particles, Biomarkers 2009;14(Suppl. 1):67-73.
  30. Oberdorster, G. Oberdorster, E. Oberdorster, J. Nanotoxicology: an emerging discipline evolving from studies of ultrafine particles, Environ. Health Perspect. 2005;113:823-839 https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.7339
  31. Chen Rui et al. Beyond PM2.5: The role of ultrafine particles on adverse health effects of air pollution. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects 2016;1860(1): 2844-2855. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.03.019
  32. Nalwa, H.S. Zhao, Y.L. Nanotoxicology, American Scientific Publishers, USA, 2007.
  33. Rinaldo, M. Andujar, P. Lacourt, A. Martinon, L. Canal Raffin, M. Dumortier, P. Pairon, J.C. Brochard, P. Perspectives in biological monitoring of inhaled nanosized particles, Ann. Occup. Hyg. 2015;59:669-680. https://doi.org/10.1093/annhyg/mev015
  34. Oberdorster, G. Oberdorster, E. Oberdorster, J. Nanotoxicology: an emerging discipline evolving from studies of ultrafine particles, Environ. Health Perspect. 2005;113:823-839. https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.7339
  35. Calderon-Garciduenas, L. Solt, A.C. Henriquez-Roldan, C. Torres-Jardon, R. Nuse, B. Herritt, L. Villarreal-Calderon, R. Osnaya, N. Stone, I. Garcia, R. Long-term air pollution exposure is associated with neuroinflammation, an altered innate immune response, disruption of the blood-brain barrier, ultrafine particulate deposition, and accumulation of amyloid ${\beta}-42\;and\;{\alpha}$-synuclein in children and young adults, Toxicol. Pathol. 2008;36:289-310. https://doi.org/10.1177/0192623307313011
  36. M. Semmler, J. Seitz, F. Erbe, P. Mayer, J. Heyder, G. Oberdorster, W.G. Kreyling, Longterm clearance kinetics of inhaled ultrafine insoluble iridium particles from the rat lung, including transient translocation into secondary organs, Inhal. Toxicol. 2004:16:453-459. https://doi.org/10.1080/08958370490439650
  37. De Haar, C. Hassingm, I. Bol, M. Bleumink, R Pieters R. Ultrafine but not fine particulate matter causes airway inflammation and allergic airway sensitization to coadministered antigen in mice. Clincal & Experimental Allergy 2006;36(11):1469-1479, 1365-2222. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2006.02586.x
  38. Song, S. Lee, K. Lee, Y.M. Lee, J.H. Lee, S.I. Yu, S.D. et al., Acute health effects of urban fine and ultrafine particles on children with atopic dermatitis, Environ. Res. 2011;111:394-399. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2010.10.010
  39. Farage, M.A. Miller, K.W. Elsner, P. Maibach, H.I. Characteristics of the Aging Skin, Adv. Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2013;2:5-10. https://doi.org/10.1089/wound.2011.0356
  40. Longo, C. Casari, A. Beretti, F. A.Cesinaro, M. Pellacani, G. Skin aging: in vivo microscopic assessment of epidermal and dermal changes by means of confocal microscopy, J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 2013;68:73-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2012.05.029
  41. Vierkotter, A. Schikowski, T. Ranft, Sugiri, U. Matsui, D.M. Kramer, U. et al., Airborne particle exposure and extrinsic skin aging, J. Investig. Dermatol. 2010;130:2719-2726. https://doi.org/10.1038/jid.2010.204
  42. Gatherwright, J. Liu, M.T. Amirlak, B. Gliniak, C. Totonchi, A. Guyuron, B. The contribution of endogenous and exogenous factors to male alopecia: a study of identical twins, Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 2013;131:794-801. https://doi.org/10.1097/PRS.0b013e3182865ca9
  43. Eftim, S.E. Samet, J.M. Janes, H. McDermott, A. Dominici, F. Fine particulate matterand mortality: a comparison of the six cities and American Cancer Society cohorts with a medicare cohort, Epidemiology 2008;19:209-216. https://doi.org/10.1097/EDE.0b013e3181632c09
  44. Puntoni, R. Ceppi, M. Gennaro, V. Ugolini, D. Puntoni, M. La Manna, G. et al., Occupational exposure to carbon black and risk of cancer, Cancer Causes Control 2004;15:511-516. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:CACO.0000036446.29787.94
  45. Habre, R. Moshier, E. Castro, W. Nath, A. Grunin, A. Rohr, A. Godbold, J. Schachter, N. Kattan, M. Coull, B. & Koutrakis, P., The effects of PM2.5 and its components from indoor and outdoor sources on cough and wheeze symptoms in asthmatic children. J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. 2014;24(4):380-387. https://doi.org/10.1038/jes.2014.21
  46. Wang, G. Jiang, R. Zhao, Z. Song, W., Effects of ozone and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on rat cardiac autonomic nervous system and systemic inflammation. Wei Sheng Yan Jiu 2013;42(4):554-560
  47. Habre, R. Moshier, E. Castro, W. Nath, A. Grunin, A. Rohr, A. Godbold, J. Schachter, N. Kattan, M. Coull, B. & Koutrakis, P., The effects of PM2.5 and its components from indoor and outdoor sources on cough and wheeze symptoms in asthmatic children. J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. 2014;24(4): 380-387. https://doi.org/10.1038/jes.2014.21
  48. Thaller, E.I. Petronella, S.A. Hochman, D.S. Howard, G. Shawn. Chhikara, Raj.G. Brooks, E.G., Moderate increases in ambient PM2.5 and ozone are associated with lung function decreases in beach lifeguards. J. Occup. Environ. Med. 2008;50(2):202-211. https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0b013e31816386b4
  49. Habre, R. Moshier, E. Castro, W. Nath, A. Grunin, A. Rohr, A. Godbold, J. Schachter, N. Kattan, M. Coull, B. & Koutrakis, P., The effects of PM2.5 and its components from indoor and outdoor sources on cough and wheeze symptoms in asthmatic children. J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. 2014;24(4):380-387. https://doi.org/10.1038/jes.2014.21
  50. 史锁芳, 雾霾伤身 中医防治有方, 中医中药, 2015;02:03.
  51. 夏婷婷, 雾霾的致病特征及其与中医传统病因的关系, 辽宁中医杂志, 2016;43:12.
  52. 刘敏, 雾霾与肺系疾病相关性的中医理论认识探微, 学术探讨, 2014;6(8):16-17.
  53. 佟彤, 雾霾天, 你吃的"清肺"食物其实都错了, 消费日报, 2016;11:03.
  54. 高秀清, 中医治疗雾霾性肺损伤管见, 浙江中医药大学学报, 2016;08:593.
  55. 焦扬, 雾霾致病的病因病机特征初探, Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2016;05:740.
  56. 李宁, 雾霾当头请听专家怎么说, 热点话题, 2016:57.
  57. 高秀清, 中医治疗雾霾性肺损伤管见, 浙江中医药大学学报, 2016;08:594.
  58. 刘建秋, 雾霾对呼吸系统疾病的影响, 中国中医急症, 2015;06:24.
  59. 宋博, 浅析雾霆咳嗽的发病特点及辩治思路, 黑龙江中医药, 2016;03:12.
  60. 全國韓醫科大學原典學敎室, 類編黃帝內經, 周珉, p157-159, 408-409.
  61. Yang, H.. et al.. The relative antioxidant activity and steric structure of green tea catechins - A kinetic approach. Food Chemistry. 2018:399-405.
  62. 张元兵, 雾霾中医辨治之管见, 中医药通报, 2015;04:35.
  63. 沈舒文, 雾霾伤肺的中医防治,中国中医药报, 2017;04:17.
  64. 程丑夫, 雾霾的中医认识与防治思路, 湖南中医药大学学报, 2014;34(5):1-3.
  65. 王雅, 雾霾伤肺艾灸迎香天突大众卫生报, 中医中药, 2014:11;27.
  66. 沈舒文, 雾霾伤肺的中医防治, 中国中医药报, 2017; 04:17.
  67. 张女士, 应对雾霾天除了戴口罩还有什么好办法, p15.
  68. 刘建秋, 雾霾对呼吸系统疾病的影响, 中国中医急症, 2015;06:24.
  69. 刘喜明, 中医治疗 "雾霾咳", 上海中医药报, 2013;12:20.
  70. 段传皓, 抗霾合剂治疗雾霾咳嗽60例疗效观察, 中医杂志, 2016;57(21):1846-1849.
  71. 张元兵, 雾霾中医辨治之管见, 中医药通报, 2015;04:35.
  72. 佟彤, 雾霾天 你吃的"清肺"食物其实都错了, 消费日报, 2016;11:03.
  73. 谢强, 中医应对雾霾支招, 养生保健, 2013;03:31-32.
  74. 顾晴, 中医药对防治雾霾病的积极作用, Hunan Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2015;32(11):142.
  75. 胡清伟, 中医辨证中药雾化治疗和预防儿童雾霾相 关性咳嗽的临床观察, 社区中医药, 2017;12:46.
  76. 王超群, 浅析雾霆咳嗽的发病特点及辩治思路, 黑龙江中医药 2016;03:11.
  77. 雾霾天危害大不可过分依赖清肺食物, 食安天下, p42-43.
  78. 刘宇, 通过上呼吸道感染中医证型分布探索雾霾致病特点, Modern Chinese Clinical Medicine, 2017;01:16.
  79. 吉军, 清肺食物能否应对雾霾天气, 光明日报, 2014;01:05.