Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science (한국산림과학회지)

Korean Society of Forest Science (한국산림과학회)
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Understory Species Composition and Pinus densiflora Natural Regeneration in Pinus densiflora Stands Regenerated by Seed-Tree Method

소나무 모수림 시업지의 하층식생 종 조성과 소나무 천연갱신양상

  • 변성엽 (공주대학교 산림자원학과) ;
  • 윤충원 (공주대학교 산림자원학과)
  • Received : 2018.01.02
  • Accepted : 2018.02.26
  • Published : 2018.03.31
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Abstract

This study was performed to discover the comparison of the understory species composition and the growth velocity of the regeneration seedlings in Pinus densiflora forests being managed by the seed-tree method from 2008 year. The investigation site located in Bonghwa, Gyeongsangbuk-do province was established by eighteen quadrats such as six control ones, six slope ones and 6 concave ones, in which we carried out the vegetation survey and measured annual height growth of each seedlings. As a result of vegetation analysis, the understory vegetation of the seed-tree forest area was mainly composed of shrub plants such as Lespedeza bicolor, Zanthoxylum schinifolium, Securinega suffruticosa, Lespedeza maximowiczii and Stephanandra incisa, herb plants such as Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens, Carex humilis var. nana, Spodiopogon sibiricus and Artemisia keiskeana, and vine plants such as Pueraria lobata, Smilax sieboldii, Dioscorea batatas, Actinidia arguta, Vitis amurensis and Rubus crataegifolius. Especially, the vine plants were relatively more imported to the concave site than the control site and the slope site. As a result of measurement of growth velocity, the seedlings of the Pinus densiflora appeared to be 3,175 trees/ha for the non-suppressed trees and 7,842 trees/ha for the suppressed trees. In cases of the concave site, individuals of seedlings were much lower than those on the slope site, probably due to the competition effects of vine plants. Consideringly, silvicultural practices for clearing the vine plants should be inevitably accompanied. Also, the growth velocity of the suppressed and non-suppressed trees has been constantly increasing, those of the non-suppressed trees much higher than the suppressed trees. This represents that the seedlings grow rapidly after the suppressed period with competition to the surrounding plants. Therefore, specific practices such as blush control and vine clear should be carried out at the beginning stage of regeneration in the seed-tree stand.

본 연구는 소나무 모수림 시업지를 대상으로 시업에 의한 하층식생 비교 및 갱신 치수의 생장초기과정을 구명하고자 수행하였다. 조사구는 시업지 12개소(요형지 6개소, 사면부 6개소)와 대조구 6개소를 각각 설치하였으며, 각 조사구에 대해 식생조사 및 각 치수의 절간 높이를 측정하였다. 그 결과, 모수림 시업지의 하층에는 싸리, 산초나무, 광대싸리, 조록싸리, 국수나무 등의 관목성 식물과 억새, 가는잎그늘사초, 큰기름새, 맑은대쑥 등의 초본성 식물, 칡, 청가시덩굴, 마, 다래, 왕머루, 산딸기 등 덩굴성 식물이 상당수 이입하고 있었다. 특히, 덩굴성 식물은 요형지에서 대조구와 사면부에 비해 상대적으로 많은 양이 이입되고 있었다. 매목조사 결과, 소나무 갱신치수는 비피압목 3,175본/ha, 피압목 7,842본/ha으로 나타났으며, 요형지의 경우, 사면부에 비해 갱신치수의 발생 밀도가 매우 낮았는데, 이는 덩굴성 식물에 의한 영향으로 보여 이들 덩굴식물에 대한 구체적인 제거방안이 필요할 것으로 판단되었다. 또한 비피압목과 피압목의 절간생장은 꾸준히 증가하는 것으로 나타났으며, 특히 비피압목의 절간생장속도는 피압목에 비해 빠른 것으로 나타났다. 이는 갱신치수가 주변 식물과의 경쟁에서 이겨낼 능력을 갖추게 되면 급격한 생장을 이루는 것으로 판단되므로, 모수림 시업 초기에는 풀베기작업 등을 통한 집약적인 관리가 필요할 것으로 판단되었다.

Keywords

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